摘要：
Objective To compare the coding sequences (CDS) of Yersinia pestis D106004 strain from Yulong County in Yunnan Province and Z176003 strain from Qing-Tibet Plateau in order to find the differences between their genomes and the genetic characteristics. Methods The CDS of Yersinia pestis D106004 strain and Z176003 strain were searched and compared by BLAST. Twenty-two differential CDS were selected to design 22 pairs of primers. PCR amplification was carried out in 119 representative plague strains from different isolation sources (natural foci of Himalayan marmot plague in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, natural foci of Apodemus chevrieri and Eothenomys miletus plague in Yunnan), time span of about 50 years, and distribution in six ecological types including Tibet, Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu and Yunnan, and PCR products were sequenced and verified. The strains were all from the State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, National Institute for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Results In 119 representative plague strains of 6 ecological types, the cumulative sequence length of 22 differential CDS PCR amplification products was 2.13 × 106 bp. Among the 119 representative plague strains in the foci of Yulong D106004 strain and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Z176003 strain, 22 differential CDS had high homology, there was no difference in 78.2％ (2047/2618) sequences of differential CDS, and 21.8％ (571/2618) sequences had three types of gene mutations ( deletion , missense and frameshift mutations). The characteristics of the differences were stable in the 6 ecological plague strains of the foci, and they were divided into 6 geographical distributions. Conclusion Yulong D106004 strain and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Z176003 strain have high homology, close genetic relationship, and little difference in genome, but the genetic characteristics of different ecotype strains are stable.%目的 观察云南玉龙鼠疫菌株D106004和青藏高原鼠疫菌株Z176003在基因组上的差异及遗传学特征.方法 应用BLAST软件,将鼠疫D106004和Z176003菌株编码序列(CDS)进行差异比对.选取22个差异CDS,设计相应引物22对,在来源不同(青藏高原喜马拉雅旱獭鼠疫自然疫源地和云南齐氏姬鼠、大绒鼠鼠疫自然疫源地)、时间跨度约50年、分布地区包括西藏、青海、四川、甘肃、云南的6种生态型119株鼠疫代表性菌株进行PCR扩增,并将PCR产物测序验证.菌株均来自中国疾病预防控制中心传染病预防控制所传染病预防控制国家重点实验室.结果 119株鼠疫代表性菌株的22个差异CDS,PCR扩增产物实际测序结果累计序列长度为2.13×106 bp;差异CDS在云南玉龙D106004与青藏高原Z176003菌株所属疫源地内119株鼠疫代表性菌株中同源性较高,78.2％(2047/2618)序列不存在差异,21.8％(571/2618)序列上存在缺失、错义、移码3类基因突变差异.差异特征在疫源地6种生态型鼠疫菌株中稳定存在,呈现6种不同的地理分布.结论 云南玉龙D106004和青藏高原Z176003菌株,二者同源性较高,亲缘关系相近,基因组上存在的差异较小,但不同生态型菌株的遗传性特征稳定存在.
