摘要：
Objective To analyze risk factors in the elderly with mild cognitive impairment in railway community.Methods Age,sex,widowhood,aerobic exercise,hypertension,dyslipidemia and coronary heart disease were analyzed. Chi-square test,ANOVA and Wilcoxon were used to compare the difference. P values < 0.05 means statistical significance. Results 196 people were enrolled in the study,and 78 people were in MIC group and 118 people were in normal group.The age(P<0.001),widowhood(P=0.008),regular walk(P< 0.001),exercise with towel(P< 0.001)and the rate of coronary heart disease(P=0.003)were statistical different between the two groups. But only age and regular walk were correlated with MCI. Conclusion Age and regular walk were correlatete with MCI.%目的 通过对铁路社区大专以上学历的老人进行回顾性分析,探讨轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment, MCI)发生、发展的相关危险因素,以期达到早期发现、早期干预、最终阻止和延缓MCI的发生和发展,提高社区老人生活质量,减少照料者负担,为老年医疗保健事业的投入提供依据.方法 在社区内筛选符合条件的人群196例老人入组,收集并请专家复核病史及详细的病例资料,由经过培训并考核合格的医务人员完成专业量表的检查.分别对年龄、性别、寡居、有氧锻炼、高血压病史、血脂异常病史、冠心病史等危险因素进行统计学分析.用Logistic 回归分析方法研究年龄、冠心病与MCI的关系.结果 符合筛选条件的196例老人入组,其中认知功能正常组118人,MCI组78人.两组在年龄(P<0.001)、寡居(P=0.008)、规律散步(P<0.001)、跳毛巾操(P<0.001)以及是否患冠心病(P=0.003)等方面有显著性差异:MCI组年龄较高,寡居率较正常组偏高,规律散步率较正常组低,参加毛巾操锻炼率较正常组低同时冠心病伴随率明显较正常组高;多元Logistic回归分析显示,MCI的发病与年龄正相关,与是否规律散步负相关.结论 MCI的发病与年龄、是否规律散步相关.
