摘要：
[目的]对引进筛选出的4个德国鸢尾新品种笛声、青年蓝、梦醒、再享天福进行常规及组培繁殖技术研究,研究德国鸢尾常规及组培育苗的有效途径,为德国鸢尾种苗繁殖生产提供可靠的技术支撑.[方法]研究4个德国鸢尾品种在不同季节(春季、秋季)分株繁殖的成活率、萌芽率及对开花的影响;研究各品种在组培快繁中外植体的诱导、继代及生根培养基最佳激素水平及集成各环节技术建立各品种的快繁体系.[结果]德国鸢尾的常规繁殖,最佳分株繁殖时间是根系活动结束后或开始之前,即秋季休眠后或春季萌芽前,分株最好带2～3个芽进行移栽,单株移栽对植株开花影响较大,开花率较低,分株带5个芽的要优于带3个芽的开花率.德国鸢尾的组培繁殖,以其花器官中的花茎节作为外植体,用MS +BA 3.0～4.0 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L培养基进行诱导,可直接得到不定芽;增殖培养基为MS+BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L,带芽量为4～5个时,其增殖率为300％多;生根培养基为1/2MS+NAA 0.5 mg/L,带芽量为4～5个时,接种15 d,其生根率为100％;移栽基质以进口的粗草炭土为最佳,移栽成活率可达到100％.[结论]德国鸢尾的常规繁殖,最佳分株繁殖时间秋季休眠后或春季萌芽前,分株带2～3个芽进行移栽,单株移栽对植株开花影响较大,开花率较低.德国鸢尾的组培繁殖,用花茎节接种在MS +BA 3.0～4.0 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L培养基上进行诱导,可直接得到不定芽,增殖培养基为MS+BA 1.0 mg/L+NAA 0.5 mg/L,生根培养基为1/2MS+NAA 0.5 mg/L,移栽基质以草炭土为最佳,移栽成活率可达到100％.%[Objective] Through conventional tissue culture propagation technology of the 4 new introduced varieties of German iris: Edith Wolford,Going My WaY,Red Zinger and October Sun,this project aims to explore the effective way of Iris germanica conventional and tissue culture in the hope of providing reliable technical support for the production of German iris seedlings propagation.[Method]In different seasons(spring and autumn),the survival rate,germination rate and effects on flowering with division propagation were studied about the four German irises,meanwhile the best hormone levels of explant induction,transgenerational and rooting medium were studied,and the rapid propagation system of each type was established.[Result]Using German irises of conventional breeding,the optimal points strains breeding time was after or before the start of root activity,after the fall dormancy or before the spring bud.2-3 shoots were transplanted in ramets.The effect of single plant transplanting on plant flowering was large,and flowering rate was low.The ramets with 5 buds were better than those with 3 buds,when German iris tissue culture propagation was carried out,its flower stems were used as explants and we could obtain directly adventitious bud on induction medium MS +BA 3.0-4.0 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L,multiplication medium was MS + BA 1.0 mg/L + NAA 0.5 mg/L,with buds of 4-5,the propagation rate was more than 300％;rooting medium was 1/2 MS + NAA 0.5 mg/L with buds of 4-5,15 d vaccination,the rooting rate was 100％;The imported transplanting substrate was the best,and the transplanting survival rate can reach up to 100％.[Conclusion]Using German irises for conventional breeding,was after the fall dormancy or before the spring bud.2-3 shoots were transplanted in ramets.The effect of single plant transplanting on plant flowering was large,and flowering rate was low.When German iris tissue culture propagation was being carried on,we obtained directly adventitious bud on induction medium MS +BA 3.0-4.0 mg/L+NAA 1.0 mg/L,using stem section of flower organs as explant,multiplication medium was MS + BA 1.0 mg/L + NAA 0.5 mg/L,the propagation rate was more than 300％;rooting medium was 1/2 MS + NAA 0.5 mg/L;transplanting substrate to import crude plant was the best,and transplanting survival rate can reach up to 100％.
