摘要：
Objective To investigate the timing and scheme of surgical treatment for the concomitant ureteropelvic junction obstruction(UPJO) and congenital abnormalities of the kidney.Methods The clinical data of 155 patients with concomitant UPJO and congenital abnormalities of the kidney from January 2006 to January 2016 was retrospectively analyzed.There were 107 males and 48 females,who aged 6 months to 16 years and 6 months.The average time was 5 years and 9 months old when they received operation.There were 8 cases less than 1 year old.There were 93 cases of UPJO on the left side,54 cases on the right side,and 8 cases on both sides.There were 33 cases with duplication of kidney,19 cases with solitary kidney,and 6 cases with renal dysplasia,6 cases with renal ectopia,12 cases with polycystic kidney disease,and 41 cases with dysplasia;2 cases with renal malrotation.There were 100 cases with symptoms such as fever,abdominal pain,vomiting.5 cases had received Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty in other hospitals,2 cases received nephrectomy with symptoms did not relieve.4 cases were treated with nephrostomy in other hospital.Children with the repeated clinical symptoms,or renal function decreased significantly,or hydronephrosis progressive to the anteroposterior diameter of more than 30 mm received surgical treatment.Results There were 140 cases received Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty,and 8 cases received nephrectomy with 5 cases were UPJO side and 3 cases were only abnormalities of the kidney without UPJO.All patients received IVP or ultrasonography postoperative 3-6 months,which showed hydronephrosis improved or no obvious change,and 4 cases were improved obviously.The IVP results showed that 5 patients with renal dysplasia together with UPJO had the renal function improved.There were 128 cases followed up for 12 to 106 months,with an average of 64.5 months.All patients had no clinical symptoms.83 cases were reexamined by IVP or ultrasonography,and hydronephrosis was getting better or no change.Conclusions The patients with concomitant UPJO and congenital abnormalities of the kidney don't need surgery in advance.The best choice for those patients is Anderson-Hynes pyeloplasty.The indication of nephrectomy should be considered carefully.%目的 探讨肾盂输尿管连接处梗阻(UPJO)合并肾发育畸形手术治疗的时机和方案.方法 回顾性分析2006年1月至2016年1月我院收治的UPJO合并肾发育畸形的155例患儿的临床资料.男107例,女48例.年龄6个月～16岁6个月,平均5岁9个月,其中＜1岁者8例.UPJO位于左侧93例,右侧54例,双侧8例.100例患儿术前有发热、腹痛、呕吐等症状.5例外院行肾盂成形术,2例肾切除术后出现发热、无尿,4例外院肾造瘘术后来我院就诊.术前检查提示重复肾33例,孤立肾19例,肾发育不全、异位肾各6例,肾囊性疾病12例,肾发育不良41例,交叉异位融合肾1例,肾旋转异常2例,马蹄肾24例,肾血管异常32例,肾盂肾盏异常3例.对反复出现临床症状,分肾功能明显下降,或肾积水进行性加重至肾盂前后径＞ 30 mm的患儿手术治疗,手术首选离断性肾盂成形术(A-H术),重复肾可行上肾输尿管下肾肾盂吻合+下肾肾盂输尿管吻合术,分肾功能极差时可行肾切除术.结果 本组155例中140例行A-H术,其中3例同时行发育畸形侧肾切除;6例行上肾输尿管下肾肾盂吻合+下肾A-H术,1例行上下肾肾盂吻合+下肾肾盂成形术;4例行UPJO侧肾切除术;4例行肾造瘘术.4例患者A-H术后仍有反复发热予再次手术治疗,其中2例行肾造瘘术,1例行输尿管再植术,1例行肾切除术.155例术后3～6个月复查静脉肾盂造影(IVP)或B超示肾积水好转或无明显变化,其中4例明显好转;5例肾发育不良侧UPJO患儿术前IVP患肾不显影,术后已有显影,肾功能较术前改善.128例获长期随访,随访时间12～ 106个月,平均64.5个月.128例患儿均无临床症状;其中83例再次复查IVP或泌尿系B超,肾积水较前好转或者无明显变化.结论 UPJO合并肾发育畸形时的手术指征大多可参考单纯UPJO的手术指征,手术首选A-H术,肾切除术需严格掌握手术指征,尽量保留肾脏.肾发育不良、肾发育不全行A-H术后肾功能可有不同程度恢复.
