摘要:
Objective:To analyze phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety, depressive neurosis patients' mental health status and personality characteristics, so as to provide guidance for clinical assistant diagnosis and clinical drug use. Methods:400 ca-ses visiting psychology department in our hospital were investigated by SCL-90, Eysenck personality questionnaire for the patients with phobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety, depressive neurosis to understand their personality characteristics and mental health statuses. Results:For the 4 kinds of neurosis, the total mean scores ( total score, symptom mean scores, total mean score, positive i-tems) were all greater than 160, wherein, the mean score of the patients in depression group was higher than those of the other three groups (P<0. 05);in addition to the"hostile" and"anxiety", other factors had statistical differences (P<0. 05). The mean neurotic score exceeded the intermediate value, while the scores of concealment, psychoticism, introversion and extroversion were in the inter-mediate values. The anxiety score in neuroticism was less than those of the other three kinds of neurosis, and there were significantly statistical differences (P<0. 05). Conclusions: The patients with anxiety and depression have an obvious somatization symptoms, those with obsessive-compulsive disorder mainly have obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and those with depression and phobia often show as interpersonal tension. The 4 kinds of neurosis show mild psychoticism and neuroticism tendency.%目的:分析恐惧症、强迫症、焦虑和抑郁神经症患者的心理健康状况和个性特征,辅助临床诊断并提供用药指导。方法:对心理科门诊就诊的400例患者采用症状自评量表和艾森克个性问卷方式进行调查,对患者的恐惧症、强迫症、焦虑和抑郁神经症等特征与心理状况进行评定。结果:4种神经症患者的总均分(总分、症状均分、总均分和阳性项目)大于160,其中抑郁症组患者的平均得分高于其它3组( P<0.05);除“敌对”和“焦虑”外,其他因子间均存在统计学差异(P<0.05);患者神经质均分超过中间值,掩饰性、精神质、内外向各维度的量表均在中间值,焦虑症在神经质分中比其他3种神经症低,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:焦虑和抑郁症患者躯体化症状明显,抑郁和强迫症以强迫症状为主,抑郁和恐惧症常表现为人际关系紧张,4种神经症主要表现为轻度精神病倾向和神经质倾向。