摘要:
BACKGROUND: Self-assembling peptides, which allow for an optimal control over the scaffold structure and composition, are described as the innovative tissue-engineered scaffolds in the field of biological medicine. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the biological features of β-sheet self-assembling peptides and current research progress in the neural tissue engineering. METHODS: We took "β sheet, self-assembling peptide, hydrogel, neural stem cell, neural tissue engineering" as the key words in Chinese and English, respectively, to retrieve the related literatures (2000-2017) from PubMed, CNKI, WanFang databases based on internet search. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: β-sheet self-assembling peptide, designed to function as an engineered mimic of the extra-cellular matrix (ECM), may be used with as a medium to direct growth and axonal connection, promoting neural stem cells adhesion, migration, division, outgrowth, neurogenesis and synaptogenesis. The self-assembling peptides RADA16, LDLK12, QL6 and their functionalized sequences have been proven to be of good utility. As the excellent performance of inducing peripheral nerve regeneration, mediating spinal cord injury and attenuating neuroinflammation, β-sheet self-assembling peptides have promising applications in the neural tissue engineering.%背景:自组装短肽具有能够优化其三维支架的组分和结构特性,可作为新型组织工程支架材料应用于生物医药领域.目的:概述β折叠型自组装短肽的生物学特性及其在神经组织工程中的研究进展.方法:以"β折叠,自组装短肽,水凝胶,神经干细胞,神经组织工程;β sheet,self-assembling peptide, hydrogel,neural stem cell,neural tissue engineering"为检索词,检索PubMed、CNKI、万方数据库2000至2017年发表的相关文献.结果与结论:β折叠型自组装短肽可模拟细胞外基质结构,促进神经干细胞的黏附、迁移、分化和突触发生,引导神经细胞生长和轴突连接.在神经组织工程中,自组装短肽RADA16、LDLK12、QL6及其衍生出的功能化序列已被证实具有良好的实用性.细胞培养与动物实验显示,β折叠型自组装短肽可促进干细胞的神经元分化,在神经退行性疾病、脊髓损伤、脑损伤及外周神经损伤中有很好的应用前景.