摘要：
为研究石油射孔弹装药对药型罩爆轰驱动的聚能射流形态和参数,提出一种高性能双层装药射孔弹,通过少量的高爆速辅助炸药改变原主炸药的从起爆端依次传爆的顺序,部分主炸药被几乎同时激发,增大主炸药对药型罩作用的压跨角,提高了原低爆速主炸药的能量利用率.设计3种类型的双层装药射孔弹,由2种炸药组成:一种为爆速高的 HMX辅助炸药,一种为爆速较低的 HNS主炸药.初步实验验证,装填 HMX/HNS炸药的双层装药射孔弹钢靶平均穿深最大提高23.5%,混凝土靶平均穿深最大提高19.6%.基于 HMX/HNS组合的双层装药射孔弹模拟计算和实验结果,研究了HMX/RDX组合的双层装药射孔弹在3种类型上的表现,其射流的速度和动能相对于原RDX炸药射孔弹提高较小,实验钢靶、混凝土靶平均穿深最大提高分别只有9.1%、11%.对比HMX/HNS组合与 HMX/RDX组合可知,双层装药的射孔弹性能同辅助炸药与主炸药爆速差有重要的关系.%In order to study the jet pattern and parameters of detonation drive on liner caused by the charge mode of oil perforator,this paper proposes a high performance two-layer charge perforator,with a small amount of high detonation velocity auxiliary explosive,it can change the explosion sequence of the original main explosives,some of the main explosives are almost simultaneously stimulated.So as to improve crushing angle of liner caused by the main explosive type and improved the energy utilization rate of main low detonation velocity explosive. Moreover,this paper designs three types of double-layer shaped charge,which consist of two kinds of explosives,one is a HMX auxiliary explosive with a high detonation velocity,and the other is a HNS primary explosive with a low detonation velocity.According to preliminary experiments,the average penetration depth of steel targets with perforating charges loaded with HMX/HNS explosives increased by a maximum of 23.5%,and the average penetration depth of concrete targets increased by a maximum of 19.6%.Based on the simulation calculation and experimental results of the HMX/HNS double-layer charge perforator,the performance of the HMX/RDX double-layer charge perforator was studied on the same conditions.It is found that the velocity and kinetic energy of the jet increase a little by comparing with the original RDX explosive perforator.The average penetration and the maximum penetration depth of the concrete target are only increased by 9.1% and 11%, respectively. Comparing the HMX/HNS combination with the HMX/RDX combination,it can be seen that the perforation elastic energy of the double-layer charge has an important relationship with the explosive detonation velocity of the auxiliary explosive and the main explosive.
