皮炎,接触性

摘要： 系统性接触性皮炎是接触过致敏物的个体再次通过系统吸收方式接触同一变应原或具有交叉反应性变应原后发生的变应性炎症性皮肤病,皮疹表现多样且易被忽略.本文从临床表现、致敏物质、发病机制、诊治等多方面总结系统性接触性皮炎的临床相关进展,以期提高临床诊治水平.

摘要： 1例26岁女性因面部雀斑行激光脱色治疗,术后予复方熊果苷乳膏(1 g、每晚1次)面部外敷.首次敷用该药约12h后面部出现红肿和小水疱疹伴脱屑.诊断为接触性皮炎,考虑与复方熊果苷乳膏有关.停用复方熊果苷乳膏,予醋酸泼尼松片20 mg口服、1次/d,左西替利嗪片5mg口服、每晚1次,3％硼酸洗液局部湿敷.3d后患者面部红肿、脱屑明显好转,大部分水疱疹消失;1周后电话随访,水疱疹消失.

摘要： Objective To investigate the occurrence of moisture-associated skin damage (MASD) around the stoma in patients with colorectal tumor after enterostomy. Methods Using convenience sampling method, during March 2016 to December 2017 in Anhui Provincial Cancer Hospital wound and stoma outpatient, choose 276 patients with enterostomy (including temporary enterostomy and permanent enterostomy), using self-made general questionnaire and ostomy self nursing competence scale to investigate them. Results Totally 276 cases of enterostomy patients, including 119 cases (43.1％) underwent colostomy, 157 cases ileum ileostomy (56.9％). There were 92 cases (33.3％)of patients with MASD , the binary classification Logistic regression analysis showed that enterostomy time (P = 0.004), the type of enterostomy (P=0.009), height of enterostomy (P=0.001), enterostomy self-care knowledge (P=0.012) and nursing skills (P=0.002) were MASD influence factors. Conclusion The present study shows that MASD is widespread in patients with enterostomy, and targeted measures should be taken to reduce its incidence or to intervene in time.%目的 调查结直肠肿瘤术后肠造口患者造口周围潮湿相关性皮肤损伤(MASD)发生状况.方法 采用便利抽样的方法,选择2016年3月至2017年12月在安徽省肿瘤医院伤口造口门诊就诊或院内外咨询会诊的276例肠造口患者(包括临时性造口和永久性造口)作为研究对象,采用自制一般情况调查表及造口自我护理能力量表对其进行调查.结果 276例肠造口患者,其中结肠造口119例占43.1％,回肠造口157例占56.9％.存在造口旁潮湿相关性皮肤损伤的患者为92例,发生率33.3％,二分类Logistic回归分析显示,造口时间(P=0.004)、造口种类(P=0.009)、造口高度(P=0.001)、造口自我护理知识(P=0.012)及护理技能(P=0.002)是造口旁MASD发生的影响因素.结论 肠造口患者潮湿相关性皮肤损伤发生较为普遍,应采取针对性措施,降低其发生率或及时予以干预.

摘要： [目的]探讨两种不同经外周静脉置入中心静脉导管(PICC)固定方法在接触性皮炎患者的应用效果.[方法]选择2015年5月至2017年5月本院收治的肿瘤化疗需进行PICC维护的60例伴有接触性皮炎患者,随机分成观察组和对照组,每组各30例.观察组联合使用3M皮肤保护膜、施乐辉IV3000(6 cm×4 cm)透明敷料及无菌纱布敷料固定导管;对照组使用无菌纱布敷料固定导管.比较两组导管脱出情况、导管回缩情况、接触性皮炎的痊愈情况以及新发皮炎发生情况的差异.[结果]两组患者接触性皮炎痊愈情况、导管回缩与新发皮炎情况无明显差别(P >0.05);观察组脱管发生率低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P <0.05).[结论]联合使用3M皮肤保护膜、施乐辉IV3000(6 cm×4 cm)透明敷料及无菌纱布敷料固定部分皮炎患者的PICC导管,优于单纯使用无菌纱布敷料固定导管.

摘要： 目的：研究咪唑斯汀对小鼠反应性接触性皮炎（ACD）的治疗作用，探讨其可能机制。方法采用2，4"二硝基氟苯（DNFB ）建立小鼠背部ACD 模型，建模成功后将其随机分为模型组、咪唑斯汀组和阳性对照醋酸地塞米松组，每组10只，另外选取10只未处理小鼠作为对照组。用药组采取灌胃给药进行治疗，对照组和模型组给予同体积生理盐水。分别在用药后24 h和72 h测定各组皮肤厚度、皮肤肿胀度，ELISA法测定各组小鼠血清及皮肤组织TNF－α、IL－4、IL－12的水平。结果与对照组相比，ACD组皮肤厚度和皮肤肿胀度显著增加（P＜0．05）；血清及皮损组织中TNF－α、IL－12水平显著升高（P＜0．05），而IL－4水平无明显变化（P＞0．05）。咪唑斯汀能显著抑制ACD小鼠皮肤肿胀及TNF－α、IL－12水平，对IL－4水平无明显影响。结论咪唑斯汀对ACD模型小鼠有良好的治疗作用，可能与降低Th1型炎症因子水平有关。%Objective To study the efficacy of Mizolastine in the treatment of allergic contact dermatitisin (ACD)mice and its possible mechanisms.Methods The DNFB was applied on the dorsum of mice to produce the allergi-c contact dermatitis models.Total of for-ty mice were randomly divided in to nor mal control group,model group,mizolastine group,dexamethasone acetate group with 10 mice in each group.At 24 hours and 72 hours after the beginning of treatmen,central thickness and the swelling of dorsal skins were examined. The leve ls of TNF-α,IL-12,IL-4 in serum and tissue of skin lesion were determined by ELISA method.Results Compared with the controlgroup,the ACD group showed a significant increase in thickness and swelling degree of dorsal skin,levels of T-NF-α,IL-12 in serum and tissue of skin lesion (P0.05). Application of the mizolastine can effectively suppress swelling degree of dorsal skin,reduce levels of TNF -α,IL -12,but did not cause significant changes in serum levels of IL-4 in mice with ACD.Conclusion Mizolastine had good th erapeutic effect on allergic contact dermatitis mode1 of mice,and the mechanism might be related to suppression of Th1 cytokine.

摘要： Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of cupping plus TDP in treating mild-moderate contact dermatitis.Method Sixty-two patients with mild-moderate contact dermatitis were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 31 cases in each group. The treatment group was intervened by cupping plus TDP radiation, while the control group was by conventional medication. The clinical efficacies and relapse rates in the two groups were observed.Result The total effective rate and recovery plus markedly-effective rate were respectively 100.0% and 96.8% in the treatment group, versus 100.0% and 61.3% in the control group. There was a significant difference in comparing the recovery plus markedly-effective rate between the two groups (P0.05). There was a marked between-group difference in comparing the relapse rate (P<0.01).Conclusion Cupping plus TDP radiation is an effective approach in treating contact dermatitis.%目的：观察拔罐配合TDP神灯治疗轻、中度接触性皮炎的临床疗效。方法将62例轻、中度接触性皮炎患者随机分为治疗组和对照组，每组31例。治疗组采用拔罐配合TDP神灯治疗，对照组采用常规药物治疗。观察两组治疗后临床疗效及复发率。结果治疗组总有效率和愈显率分别为100.0%和96.8%，对照组分别为100.0%和61.3%。两组愈显率比较，差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01)；两组总有效率比较，差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。两组复发率比较，差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.01)。结论拔罐配合TDP神灯是一种治疗接触性皮炎的有效方法。

摘要： DNA甲基化是一种不改变DNA序列,但基因表达却发生了可遗传改变的重要表观遗传学修饰.研究发现,DNA甲基化异常可能在过敏反应的发生过程中起重要作用,但研究并不能清楚地解释异常的甲基化模式在疾病中发挥的生物学作用.常见过敏反应或疾病发病过程中的DNA甲基化调控机制,如特应性皮炎、接触性皮炎、荨麻疹、食物过敏等,以进一步理解过敏反应发生过程中的基因调控机制及基因-环境相互作用关系.此外,DNA甲基化的研究可能为过敏反应的预防、诊断和管理提供新的方向.%DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modification that causes heritable changes in gene expressions without alterations in DNA sequences.It has been reported that aberrant DNA methylation may play an important role in the development of allergic reactions,but it is unclear how aberrant DNA methylation patterns play their biological roles in these diseases.This article reviews regulation mechanisms of DNA methylation in the occurrence of common allergic reactions or diseases,such as atopic dermatitis,contact dermatitis,urticaria and food allergy,which may help to better understand genetic regulatory mechanisms and gene-environment interaction in the occurrence of these entities.Moreover,DNA methylation studies may provide new directions in the prevention,diagnosis and management of allergic reactions.

摘要： Objective To investigate clinical features and treatment of,as well as protective measures against 2,4-dichloro-5-methylpyrimidine (DCP)-induced contact dermatitis.Methods Clinical data were collected from 64 patients with DCP-induced contact dermatitis,and analyzed retrospectively.Analytical results were used to improve protective measures in workplaces.Results Irritant contact dermatitis occurred 1-12 minutes (mean,7 minutes) after contact with DCP in all the patients.Lesions appeared at sites of contact with DCP,and mainly manifested as swelling erythema with sharp boundaries.Lesion areas varied from 58 to 5 600 cm2.Ten patients presented with blisters,48 with burning pain,16 with itching,4 with headache,3 with nausea and vomiting,and 1 with fainting.Pruritic lesions appeared at non-contact sites in 10 patients 1-4 days after avoidance of contact with DCP.Histopathologic examination showed intercellular and intracellular edema and spongiosis in the epidermis in 8 patients,intraepidermal blisters in 5 patients,papillary dermal edema and inflammatory cell infiltration in 7 patients.Glucocorticoids were effective for the treatment of DCP-induced contact dermatitis.Positive pressure-inflated protective clothing could absolutely isolate workers from outside environment to avoid the occurrence of DCP-induced contact dermatitis.Conclusions DCP-induced contact dermatitis is a kind of irritant contact dermatitis.Delayed hypersensitivity reactions occur in a few patients after contact with DCP.Positive pressure-inflated protective clothing is effective for the protection from DCP-induced contact dermatitis.%目的 了解2,4-二氯-5-甲基嘧啶(DCP)致接触性皮炎的临床特征,探讨治疗方法及防护措施.方法 对2,4-二氯-5-甲基嘧啶致接触性皮炎的64例患者进行分析.参与企业防护措施的持续改进.结果 64例患者均在接触DCP后1～ 12 min,平均7 min发病.皮损发生于DCP接触部位,表现为边界清楚的水肿性红斑,10例出现水疱,皮损面积58～5 600 cm2.48例自觉灼痛,16例自觉瘙痒.4例头痛,3例恶心、呕吐,1例晕厥.10例在避免接触DCP 1 ～4 d后,于DCP非接触部位出现皮疹,自觉瘙痒.8例皮损组织病理均为表皮细胞内及细胞间水肿,海绵形成,5例表皮内水疱,7例真皮乳头水肿,有炎症细胞浸润.糖皮质激素治疗有效.正压式充气防护服能将作业工人与外界完全隔离,可避免DCP所致接触性皮炎的发生.结论 2,4-二氯-5-甲基嘧啶所致接触性皮炎为刺激性接触性皮炎,少数患者在接触DCP后会发生迟发型过敏反应.正压式充气防护服可起到有效防护.

摘要： 目的 了解中国化妆品不良反应发生情况及特点,为进一步监测工作提供依据.方法 以2005-2014年全国13个监测机构报告的化妆品不良反应患者为调查对象,按照《化妆品皮肤病诊断标准及处理原则总则》等7项国家标准(GB17149.1 ～ 7-1997),收集性别、年龄、职业、文化程度、病变类型、化妆品种类等相关信息,并进行描述性统计分析.结果 2005-2014年共报告13 534例化妆品不良反应患者,其中女性占95.40％,中青年患者(20～ 44岁)占80.85％.确诊病例5 446例,病变类型以化妆品不良反应接触性皮炎为主(94.66％),另有未包含在诊断标准中的其他病变类型132例;确诊病例涉及化妆品14 209个,化妆品种类以普通护肤类居多,进口类化妆品6 932个,略高于国产类化妆品.报告病例数2005-2009年呈上升趋势,年均增幅13.16％;2010-2014年呈下降趋势,年均下降17.96％.结论 化妆品不良反应是一个复杂而重要的公共卫生问题,需要根据其特点采取有效的防治措施.%Objective To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of adverse reactions to cosmetics in China,and to provide a basis for further supervision.Methods The diagnosis of adverse reactions to cosmetics was according to 7 national standards (GB17149.1-7-1997) including the "A general rule for the diagnosis and management of skin diseases induced by cosmetics".Data regarding gender,age,occupation,educational background,disease types,cosmetic types,and so on,were collected from patients with adverse reactions to cosmetics at 13 surveillance sites in China during 2005-2014.A descriptive statistical analysis was carried out.Results During 2005-2014,a total of 13 534 cases of adverse reactions to cosmetics were reported to the monitoring system.Of these cases,95.40％ (12 912/13 534) were female,and 80.85％ were young or middle-aged (20-44 years).Finally,5 446 cases were confirmed to be adverse reactions to cosmetics,among which,94.66％ (5 155/5 466) were contact dermatitis to cosmetics,and 132 were other types that were not included in the "A general rule for the diagnosis and management of skin diseases induced by cosmetics".Among these confirmed cases,14 209 cosmetic products were involved,and ordinary skin care products predominated in these products.The proportion of imported cosmetic products (48.79％,6 932/14 209) was slightly higher than that of domestic products (43.21％,6 139/14 209).The number of reported eases increased by 13.16％ per year from 2005 to 2009,but decreased by 17.96％ per year from 2010 to 2014.Conclusion Adverse reactions to cosmetics are a complicated and important public health issue,and effective measures should be taken based on their characteristics.

摘要： 目的 探讨复方甘草酸苷制剂对皮肤斑贴试验的影响.方法 选取皮肤斑贴试验镍阳性(++)或甲醛阳性(++)患者84例,分别给予复方甘草酸苷制剂中剂量干预(复方甘草酸苷片50 mg每天3次)和高剂量干预(复方甘草酸苷片75 mg每天3次)均2周后重复皮肤斑贴试验以及静脉途径干预(复方甘草酸苷注射液,60 ml/d)1周后重复皮肤斑贴试验.应用SPSS 19.0版软件进行秩和检验,从斑贴试验定性和反应程度两个角度分别进行统计学分析.结果 中剂量干预完成研究81例患者,第2次斑贴试验时,66例++,13例+,2例+++,无阴性结果者.两次斑贴试验结果定性无变化;反应程度Z=-2.84,P=0.005,差异有统计学意义.高剂量干预完成研究82例患者,第2次斑贴试验时,37例++,36例+,9例阴性.两次斑贴试验结果:定性Z=-3.000,P=0.003;反应程度Z=-6.247,P=0.000,差异均有统计学意义.静脉途径干预完成研究58例患者,第2次斑贴试验时,12例++,10例+,36例阴性.两次斑贴试验结果:定性Z=-6.000,P=0.000;反应程度Z=-6.289,P=0.000,差异均有统计学意义.结论 复方甘草酸苷制剂口服高剂量和静脉途径应用时,对皮肤斑贴试验反应有明显抑制作用.建议做斑贴试验前应停此药2周.%Objective To evaluate the effect of compound glycyrrhizin on skin patch test results.Methods A total of 84 patients who showed moderate positive (++) patch test reactions to nickel or formaldehyde were enrolled into this study.After the baseline patch tests,patients administrated 50 mg of compound glycyrrhizin tablets thrice a day for 2 weeks (middle-dose compound glycyrrhizin intervention),then 70 mg of compound glycyrrhizin tablets thrice a day for 2 weeks (high-dose compound glycyrrhizin intervention),and finally received intravenous injection of compound glycyrrhizin 60 ml once a day for 1 week (intravenous injection intervention).Skin patch tests were conducted after each intervention.The results of skin patch tests were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively.Statistical analysis was carried out by using the Wilcoxon rank sum test with the SPSS 19.0 software.Results Totally,81 patients completed the middledose compound glycyrrhizin intervention trial,of whom,66 were moderate positive (++),13 mild positive (+),and 2 strong positive (+++) for skin patch tests following the trial,and no patient was negative.Significant differences were observed in the degree of reactivity (Z =-2.84,P =0.005),but not in qualitative results between the baseline and first post-intervention SPTs.Among 82 patients who completed the high-dose compound glycyrrhizin intervention,37 were moderate positive (++),36 mild positive (+),and 9 negative for the second post-intervention skin patch tests,with significant differences in qualitative results (Z =-3.000,P =0.003) and degree of reactivity (Z =-6.247,P =0.000)between the baseline and second post-intervention SPTs.Finally,58 patients completed the intravenous injection intervention,of whom,12 were moderate positive (++),10 mild positive (+),and 36 negative for the post-intervention patch tests,with significant differences in qualitative results (Z=-6.000,P=0.000) and the degree of reactivity (Z=-6.289,P =0.000) between the baseline and third post-intervention SPTs.Conclusion Both high-dose oral compound glycyrrhizin and intravenous compound glycyrrhizin could evidently suppress skin patch test reactions,and compound glycyrrhizin is recommended to be withdrawn 2 weeks before skin patch tests.

摘要： 本发明公开了一种治疗变应性接触性皮炎的中药组合物，它由以下重量份数的原料制成：蛇床子100～250份、苦参50～150份、艾叶30～90份、冰片5～20份、麝香草酚5～20份，本发明还公开了该中药组合物的制备方法。本发明中药组合物能显著性降低由SADBE诱发的慢性痒模型的挠痒数，对变应性接触性皮炎的疗效较好，成分安全无刺激，无依赖性，副作用少，适用人群广，产品价值高。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种用于治疗接触性皮炎的制剂，涉及外用药物制剂领域，包含如下质量分数的组分：芍药苷0.04～0.12wt％，白藜芦醇0.2～0.12wt％，原花青素0.1～0.9wt％，甘草酸0.02～0.14wt％，人参皂苷0.01～0.15wt％，余量为外用药物基质。本发明针对酒精接触性皮炎的病理机制，通过将芍药苷、白藜芦醇、原花青素、甘草酸和人参皂苷进行合理配比，制成护手霜，进而一方面通过GAS6‑AXL通路上调SOCS3表达发挥抗炎作用，另方一面抑制TF表达，改善慢血流，恢复循环，发挥抗炎修复作用，对酒精接触性皮炎的疗效确切，机理清晰。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种纳米酸化脂肪酸酯在制备预防和治疗接触性皮炎药物中的应用，所述纳米酸化脂肪酸酯通过以下方法制备得到的：首先配制脂肪酸酯，所述脂肪酸酯的成分由十六碳酸、亚油酸、油酸和十八碳酸组成，其成分之间的重量份配比为：十六碳酸9份‑15份，不饱和亚油酸4份‑8份，不饱和油酸63份‑70份，十八碳酸3份‑5份；将以上脂肪酸酯先纳米化再臭氧化，控制粒径在100mn以下，控制酸值不高于30mg/kg得到纳米酸化脂肪酸酯。

摘要： 本发明结合慢性接触性皮炎的起病特点和规律，提供了一种慢性接触性皮炎小鼠模型的造模方法。该方法通过使用噁唑酮反复对动物进行致敏和攻击，既可起到化学刺激的作用，又模拟了患者反复接触过敏原，最终被致敏并导致慢性接触性皮炎的全过程，通过该方法获得的动物模型发病部位和患者的皮肤损伤区域的病理变化高度一致，表明该模型可用于模拟临床患者的慢性接触性皮炎模型，为慢性接触性皮炎的治疗药物，提供更好的筛选平台。

摘要： 本发明涉及一种以墙草碱作为有效成份含有的接触性皮炎改善用组合物。本发明组合物的有效成份即墙草碱化合物不仅能够有效抑制在多种炎症性疾病初期分泌并诱发炎症反应的细胞因子即IL‑1β的分泌，而且还能够通过抑制T细胞的增殖和T细胞分泌细胞因子即IL‑2，IL‑4，IFN‑γ等的分泌而发挥免疫调节作用。另外，正因为在抑制IL‑1β分泌并抑制半胱天冬酶‑1分解切割且没有细胞毒性，在对接触性皮炎动物模型进行的实验中表现出了使接触性皮炎部位的皮肤厚度减少的治疗活性，有望将其有效地应用到接触性皮炎等炎症性皮肤疾病的预防或治疗的药剂学组合物、化妆品学组合物等的生产中。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种用于神经性接触性皮炎药剂的配方，该药剂配方的组成成分包括巴豆叶，椿根皮，侧柏叶，白鲜皮，土槿皮，苦参，生大黄，虎杖，皂荚子，红花，青黛，浮萍和地肤子；其中，组成所述药剂配方的有效成分原料的重量份数为：巴豆叶30‑80份，椿根皮30‑80份，侧柏叶30‑100份，白鲜皮30‑100份，土槿皮30‑100份，苦参30‑120份，生大黄30‑150份，虎杖30‑100份，皂荚子30‑100份，红花30‑100份，青黛10‑50份，浮萍‑100份，地肤子30‑100份。

摘要： 本发明结合慢性接触性皮炎的起病特点和规律，提供了一种慢性接触性皮炎小鼠模型的造模方法。该方法通过使用噁唑酮反复对动物进行致敏和攻击，既可起到化学刺激的作用，又模拟了患者反复接触过敏原，最终被致敏并导致慢性接触性皮炎的全过程，通过该方法获得的动物模型发病部位和患者的皮肤损伤区域的病理变化高度一致，表明该模型可用于模拟临床患者的慢性接触性皮炎模型，为慢性接触性皮炎的治疗药物，提供更好的筛选平台。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种用于治疗接触性皮炎的制剂，涉及外用药物制剂领域，包含如下质量分数的组分：芍药苷0.04～0.12wt％，白藜芦醇0.2～0.12wt％，原花青素0.1～0.9wt％，甘草酸0.02～0.14wt％，人参皂苷0.01～0.15wt％，余量为外用药物基质。本发明针对酒精接触性皮炎的病理机制，通过将芍药苷、白藜芦醇、原花青素、甘草酸和人参皂苷进行合理配比，制成护手霜，进而一方面通过GAS6‑AXL通路上调SOCS3表达发挥抗炎作用，另方一面抑制TF表达，改善慢血流，恢复循环，发挥抗炎修复作用，对酒精接触性皮炎的疗效确切，机理清晰。

摘要： 本发明公开了一种治疗变应性接触性皮炎的中药组合物，它由以下重量份数的原料制成：蛇床子100～250份、苦参50～150份、艾叶30～90份、冰片5～20份、麝香草酚5～20份，本发明还公开了该中药组合物的制备方法。本发明中药组合物能显著性降低由SADBE诱发的慢性痒模型的挠痒数，对变应性接触性皮炎的疗效较好，成分安全无刺激，无依赖性，副作用少，适用人群广，产品价值高。

摘要： 本实用新型涉及造口袋技术领域，具体地说，涉及一种预防接触性皮炎的造口袋，包括袋体，所述袋体的顶部背面设置有造口机构，所述袋体的底部连接有排液端，所述袋体的背面设置有隔热巾，所述隔热巾的表面靠近袋体的两侧处通过针线紧密缝合有第一毛面魔术贴，所述袋体的两侧边靠近第一毛面魔术贴处紧密粘接有第一刺面魔术贴，所述第一刺面魔术贴与第一毛面魔术贴紧密粘接，所述排液端的外壁上方紧密粘接有第二刺面魔术贴，所述排液端的外壁下方紧密粘接有第二毛面魔术贴。本实用新型的设计能够将造口袋与患者皮肤隔开，保证热量不易传递至患者皮肤上，降低引起皮炎的几率，能够便于废液的导出，且便于使用过后拆卸清洗，能够循环进行使用。