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生物材料学术探讨

生物材料学术探讨的相关文献在2013年到2013年内共计63篇,主要集中在基础医学 等领域,其中期刊论文63篇、专利文献943866篇;相关期刊1种,包括中国组织工程研究等; 生物材料学术探讨的相关文献由107位作者贡献,包括张衍军、Sitashi Poudyal、乔莉等。

生物材料学术探讨—发文量

期刊论文>

论文:63 占比:0.01%

专利文献>

论文:943866 占比:99.99%

总计:943929篇

生物材料学术探讨—发文趋势图

生物材料学术探讨

-研究学者

  • 张衍军
  • Sitashi Poudyal
  • 乔莉
  • 于华
  • 令亚琴
  • 何二霞
  • 俞思明
  • 俞金龙
  • 关继奎
  • 刘丽

生物材料学术探讨

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  • 专利文献

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    • 林晓华; 黄宗海; 俞金龙
    • 摘要: 背景:海藻酸纤维是一种多形式且多功能性物质,目前已被逐步应用于生物医学及临床.目的:全面评述海藻酸纤维的结构与功能,同时介绍海藻酸与壳聚糖、海藻酸与明胶共混纤维的特性及在医学上研究的应用情况.方法:由第一作者检索1990至2012年 PubMed 数据库及万方数据库有关海藻酸纤维制作过程、海藻酸纤维结构及性能、海藻酸纤维在生物医学的应用情况及其相关共混纤维的特性与应用等方面的文献.结果与结论:海藻酸盐已被广泛应用于农业化工、生物防治、组织工程、缓释药物系统、创伤修复、净化环境等方面.通过共混改性得到的各种新型混合纤维,不但改善了海藻酸纤维应用上的不足,同时也赋予其更多的性能,成为了当今和未来生物材料的研究热点.目前生物医学材料正向着环保、高功能、智能化等方向发展,自然界储存量丰富、成本价格低廉、具有良好生物相容性及降解性的海藻纤维、壳聚糖纤维和明胶纤维及以它们为基质通过共混和/或改性等方法制造出来的功能性纤维潜力巨大,在生物医学及仿生医学领域有待进一步开发.
    • 蔡娟; 郁章欣; 吴金枝; 刘新庆
    • 摘要: 背景:磨牙是主要的功能牙齿,磨牙的修复应能改善其生物功能和具有坚固的组织学效果。目的:评价不同桩核材料在磨牙修复中的应用效果。方法:对应用银汞桩核、铸造桩核和纤维桩核修复磨牙缺损的患者进行随访观察,检查修复体松动、折断、脱落以及牙周炎和牙龈炎等发生情况,X 射线检查桩核冠修复体与牙体间的结合情况以及根管折断情况和根尖根周牙槽骨吸收情况,评价不同桩核材料修复磨牙的生物相容性并进行比较。结果与结论:银汞桩核、铸造桩核和纤维桩核修复磨牙均可以获得较好的治疗效果,但是,与铸造桩核相比较,银汞桩核和纤维桩核的生物性能更好,修复体松动、折断和脱落的发生率更低,根尖根周等炎性并发症的发生率也更低,并且组织学坚固效果更好,是磨牙修复中首选的桩核材料。%BACKGROUND: Molars are the main functional teeth, and molar repairing is able to improve the biological function of molars and has the sturdy histological effect. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the application effect of different post-core materials in molar repairing. METHODS: The patients received molar repairing with amalgam post-core, cast post-core and fiber post-core were fol owed-up to observe the incidence of prosthesis loosening, fracture, loss, periodontitis and gingivitis. The combination between post-core crown prosthesis and dental body, broken root canal and the resorption of alveolar bone of root tip and root body were tested with X-ray film. The biocompatibility of different post-core materials used for molar repairing was evaluated and compared.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The amalgam post-core, cast post-core and fiber post-core have good effects for the repair of molars. But compared with cast post-core, the amalgam post-core and fiber post-core have better biocompatibility, lower incidence of prosthesis loosening, fracture, loss, periodontitis and gingivitis, and have better histological effect, considered as the best post-core materials for molar repairing.
    • 李晶; 薛斌
    • 摘要: 背景:临床应用的多种新型创面敷料可加速创面修复,减少伤口感染,提高治愈率,缩短病程,减轻患者痛苦。目的:回顾传统医用敷料及新型医用敷料的优缺点,展望新型医用敷料的临床应用及发展。方法:应用计算机检索2003年1月至2006年8月 PubMed 数据库及2000年1月至2006年8月 CNKI数据库有关医用敷料种类、特点及临床应用的研究,检索词为“Medical dressing,医用敷料”。结果与结论:医用新型敷料分为薄膜类、水凝胶类、藻酸盐类、泡沫类、水胶体类、药用类敷料。薄膜类敷料透明,便于观察伤口,能密切黏附于创面表面,有效保持创面渗出液,提供有利于创面愈合的湿润环境,促使坏死组织脱落,减轻创面疼痛会,缺点为吸水性能欠佳。水凝胶类敷料能与不平整的创面紧密粘合,减少细菌滋生,加速新生血管生成,促进上皮细胞生长。水胶体类敷料比薄膜类敷料厚许多,胶层的厚度决定其吸收能力的大小,水胶体敷料可吸收少量到中量渗液,不适用于渗出液多的创面。泡沫类敷料具有多孔性,表面张力低,富有弹性,可塑性强、轻便,对渗出液的吸收力强,对氧气及二氧化碳几乎完全通透,可作为药物载体。新型藻酸盐类敷料比较柔软,容易折叠,敷贴方便,在创面上形成柔软类似凝胶的半固体物质,为创面提供一个湿润环境,提高表皮细胞的再生能力,加快表皮细胞移动。药用类敷料有保护创面、止痛、止血、消炎、促进新生肉芽组织及上皮细胞生长,加速创面愈合等功能。%BACKGROUND: The clinical application of a variety of new wound dressings can accelerate wound healing, reduce wound infection, improve the cure rate, shorten the course of the disease, and al eviate the suffering of patients. OBJECTIVE: To review the advantages and disadvantages of the traditional wound dressings and the new medical dressings, and then to outlook clinical applications and development of new medical dressings. METHODS: A computer-online search was performed in PubMed (2003-01/2006-08) and CNKI (2000-01/2006-08) databases to retrieve studies addressing types, characteristics, and clinical applications of medical dressings using the key words of medical dressing in English and Chinese, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: New medical dressings are divided into film, hydrogel, alginate salt, foam, hydrocol oid, and medicinal dressings. Transparent film dressings are characterized as: easy to observe the wound, closely adhering to the wound surface, effectively inhibiting the wound exudate, being in favour of moist environment for wound healing, promoting necrotic tissue loss, reducing wound pain. The shortcoming is poor water absorption. Hydrogel dressings can be tightly bonded with uneven wounds to reduce bacteria, accelerate angiogenesis and promote epithelial cel growth. A hydrocol oid dressing is much thicker than film dressing, and the thickness of its adhesive layer determines the size of its absorptive capacity. Hydrocol oid dressings can absorb smal -to-moderate amount of wound exudate, which are not applicable to the wound with great amount of exudates. Foam dressings, presenting with porosity, low surface tension, strong elasticity and plasticity, have strong capacity of exudate absorption and are almost completely transparent for oxygen and carbon dioxide, which can be used as drug carriers. Alginate dressings, which are relatively soft and easy to fold and apply, can form a soft gel-like semi-solid substance on the wound, providing a moist environment for wound healing and improving the regeneration ability and migration of epidermal cells. Medicinal dressings can protect the wound and relieve pain, bleeding and inflammation to promote the growth of granulation tissue and epithelial cells, thereby accelerating wound healing.
    • Sitashi Poudyal; 潘卫红; 占柳
    • 摘要: 背景:根管玷污层可影响根管药物进行消毒,同时可降低充填材料与根管壁的密合性,还可使根尖微渗漏显著增加,造成根管治疗的失败,而能否有效去除玷污层是临床上成功进行根管治疗的前提和关键。目的:从螯合剂基本结构出发对其去除根管玷污层作用进行叙述,深入解析影响螯合剂去除玷污层效果的各种因素。方法:第一作者利用计算机检索 Medline数据库(1999年1月至2011年12月),以“Chelating agent, smear layer, root canal irrigation, root canal preparation”为检索词进行文献初检,筛选后纳入50篇文章进行综述。结果与结论:影响玷污层去除的因素还有冲洗液的浓度、温度、冲洗量、作用时间、冲洗液的输送方式、与其他冲洗液的协同作用等,其中影响螯合剂去除玷污层的因素主要是冲洗时间和冲洗液的配伍问题,螯合剂对牙本质小管的侵蚀,作用时间越长对其破坏越大。超声的震荡方式也可以增强螯合剂的作用能力,更快的速度到达根尖区,其与次氯酸钠联合应用可提高效能,至于最佳组%BACKGROUND: Presence of smear layer can reduce the efficiency of the root canal irrigants used for canal disinfection, simultaneously reduce the adhesion of the fil ing materials to the root canal wal , and increase the apical microleakage, leading to root canal treatment failure. Thus, the prerequisite for a clinical y successful root canal treatment is the effective removal of smear layers. OBJECTIVE: To assess the factors affecting the efficiency of chelating agents starting from its basic structure and action mechanism. METHODS: The first author searched Medline (1999-01/2011-12) with the key words of “chelating agent, smear layer, root canal irrigation, root canal preparation” for the initial retrieval of relevant articles. After reviewing and quality assessment, a total of 50 articles were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The factors affecting the efficiency of chelating agents for smear layer removal are as fol ows: the concentration of the fluid, volume used for irrigation, duration of irrigation, method of irrigation and other irrigating agents used in combination. Among these, time and the other irrigating agents used in combination are found to be the important factors affecting the efficiency with longer duration of irrigation responsible for the erosion of the dentin. Ultrasonic vibration is found to enhance the efficiency of chelating agent by al owing it to reach the apical third within the shortest duration. The combination of sodium hypochlorite and chelating agent is found to enhance the efficient smear layer removal although the best combination is yet to be determined.
    • 宋君涛; 郭志坤
    • 摘要: 背景:钛网在骨科修复重建治疗中效果良好,已得到广泛的应用。目的:探讨钛网在颅骨缺损、四肢骨缺损、大块胸壁缺损、掌指骨骨折及颌面部骨折等相关骨科疾病应用中的可靠性及优越性。方法:收集钛网在颌面骨缺损、大块胸壁缺损、颅骨缺损、四肢长骨干骨缺损、掌指骨折等骨科疾病修复重建的临床研究及相关实验研究,评价钛网治疗骨科疾病的效果。结果与结论:与其他修复材料相比,钛网在骨科修复重建中有明显的优越性,但作为重建材料尚有一定的缺点,如 X 射线透光性差等。因此,在骨科应用中应针对不同部位的缺损采用不同的操作方法,以减少并发症的发生和达到更好的修复重建效果。%BACKGROUND: Titanium mesh has good effect in the treatment of orthopedic repair and reconstruction which has been widely used. OBJECTIVE: To explore the reliability and superiority of titanium mesh in the treatment of orthopedic diseases, such as skul defects, bone defects of the limbs, large piece chest wal defects, metacarpal and phalangeal fractures and maxil ofacial fracture. METHODS: Clinical and experimental researches on the application of titanium mesh in the repair and reconstruction of orthopedic diseases were col ected, including maxil ofacial fracture, large piece chest wal defects, skul defects, limb long-bone shaft defects and metacarpal and phalangeal fractures. The effect of titanium mesh for the treatment of orthopedic diseases was evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with other repair materials, titanium mesh has significant advantages in orthopedic repair and reconstruction, but it has certain disadvantages when used as the reconstruction material, such as the poor X-ray translucent. So, during the treatment of orthopedics, defects in different parts should be treated with different methods in order to reduce the incidence of complications and obtain the better effect.
    • 王星力; 刘鹤南; 陈晓隆
    • 摘要: 背景:羟基磷灰石义眼台是目前最理想的眼内填充植入物,具有广泛的应用前景.目的:评价不同类型羟基磷灰石义眼台的纤维血管化程度.方法:应用放射性核素、MRI 成像和组织病理学检测的方法,评价孔径大小不同的天然羟基磷灰石义眼台以及人工合成羟基磷灰石义眼台的纤维血管化程度,并分析碱性成纤维细胞生长因子胶原蛋白对羟基磷灰石义眼台促纤维血管化的作用.结果与结论:放射性核素显像、MRI 成像以及组织病理学检测均能够清晰显示羟基磷灰石义眼台纤维血管化的过程和程度,一般需要6-8周完成血管化,天然羟基磷灰石义眼台纤维血管化的速度快于人工合成羟基磷灰石义眼台,并且孔径越大的义眼台,其血管化的速度越快.碱性成纤维细胞生长因子对羟基磷灰石义眼台有促进血管化的作用,可加快羟基磷灰石义眼台血管化的速度.
    • 李晶; 薛斌
    • 摘要: 背景:临床应用的多种新型创面敷料可加速创面修复,减少伤口感染,提高治愈率,缩短病程,减轻患者痛苦.目的:回顾传统医用敷料及新型医用敷料的优缺点,展望新型医用敷料的临床应用及发展.方法:应用计算机检索2003年1月至2006年8月 PubMed 数据库及2000年1月至2006年8月 CNKI数据库有关医用敷料种类、特点及临床应用的研究,检索词为“Medical dressing,医用敷料”.结果与结论:医用新型敷料分为薄膜类、水凝胶类、藻酸盐类、泡沫类、水胶体类、药用类敷料.薄膜类敷料透明,便于观察伤口,能密切黏附于创面表面,有效保持创面渗出液,提供有利于创面愈合的湿润环境,促使坏死组织脱落,减轻创面疼痛会,缺点为吸水性能欠佳.水凝胶类敷料能与不平整的创面紧密粘合,减少细菌滋生,加速新生血管生成,促进上皮细胞生长.水胶体类敷料比薄膜类敷料厚许多,胶层的厚度决定其吸收能力的大小,水胶体敷料可吸收少量到中量渗液,不适用于渗出液多的创面.泡沫类敷料具有多孔性,表面张力低,富有弹性,可塑性强、轻便,对渗出液的吸收力强,对氧气及二氧化碳几乎完全通透,可作为药物载体.新型藻酸盐类敷料比较柔软,容易折叠,敷贴方便,在创面上形成柔软类似凝胶的半固体物质,为创面提供一个湿润环境,提高表皮细胞的再生能力,加快表皮细胞移动.药用类敷料有保护创面、止痛、止血、消炎、促进新生肉芽组织及上皮细胞生长,加速创面愈合等功能.
    • 林晓华; 黄宗海; 俞金龙
    • 摘要: BACKGROUND: At present, alginate fiber possesses various forms and functions, which is increasingly used in biomedicine and clinical medicine. OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively review the structure and feature of alginate fiber and to introduce the biomedical application of its blend fiber with chitosan or gelation. METHODS: PubMed database and Wanfang database were retrieved by the first author for literature about alginate fiber production process, the alginate fiber structure and properties, biomedical application of alginate fiber, and related blended fiber characteristics and applications, published from 1990 to 2012. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Alginate has been widely applied in agriculture and chemical industry, biological control, tissue engineering, drug delivery system, wound repair, and environmental purification. New hybrid fibers obtained through blending modification cannot only improve the shortcomings of alginate fiber applications, but also be endued with more performances, as biomaterials which have become a research hotspot nowadays and in the future. At present, development of biomedical materials is going towards environmental protection, high functionality, and intel ectualized directions. Seaweed fibers, chitosan fibers, gelatin fibers and their blend fibers, which are present with a rich storage in natural, low cost, excel ent biocompatibility and degradation, have great potential and have been expected to have further development in biomedicine and bionic medicine.%  背景:海藻酸纤维是一种多形式且多功能性物质,目前已被逐步应用于生物医学及临床。目的:全面评述海藻酸纤维的结构与功能,同时介绍海藻酸与壳聚糖、海藻酸与明胶共混纤维的特性及在医学上研究的应用情况。方法:由第一作者检索1990至2012年 PubMed 数据库及万方数据库有关海藻酸纤维制作过程、海藻酸纤维结构及性能、海藻酸纤维在生物医学的应用情况及其相关共混纤维的特性与应用等方面的文献。结果与结论:海藻酸盐已被广泛应用于农业化工、生物防治、组织工程、缓释药物系统、创伤修复、净化环境等方面。通过共混改性得到的各种新型混合纤维,不但改善了海藻酸纤维应用上的不足,同时也赋予其更多的性能,成为了当今和未来生物材料的研究热点。目前生物医学材料正向着环保、高功能、智能化等方向发展,自然界储存量丰富、成本价格低廉、具有良好生物相容性及降解性的海藻纤维、壳聚糖纤维和明胶纤维及以它们为基质通过共混和/或改性等方法制造出来的功能性纤维潜力巨大,在生物医学及仿生医学领域有待进一步开发。
    • 郭奕彤; 谭志刚
    • 摘要: BACKGROUND: Novel endovascular stent materials have become the research hot spot in the treatment of ischemic stroke. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the features of endovascular stent materials and the treatment effect on ischemic stroke. METHODS: Related databases were searched by the first author with computer at December 2012 for the related articles published from 2003 to 2012. The Chinese key words were “ischemic stroke, endovascular stent, stent material, interventional treatment”. A total of 120 articles were screened out, and 24 articles were included for the final review according to the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Long-term storage of bare-metal stents in the blood may lead to corrosion, metal ions dissolution and coagulation; the surface modification of the metal material could be used to solve the problem of metal material storage in order to improve the blood compatibility of the metal materials. Therapeutic drugs were coated on the surface of stent which can help the drugs release with high concentration continuously, and this method can inhibit restenosis after stent implantation. Film-covered endovascular stent was covered with degradable or non-degradable polymer films on the surface of metal stent in order to inhibit the vascular endothelial proliferation and restenosis after stent implantation, and the film-covered endovascular stent could promote the biocompatibility of vascular smooth muscle cells. Endovascular stent is a safe and effective treatment method to reduce the risk of ischemic stroke, and it can also improve the cognitive dysfunction of the patients with ischemic encephalopathy. Gene and cel cultivation scaffold material has certain advantages in the prevention and treatment of restenosis after vascular intervention, which is the new direction for the research of endovascular stent materials.%  背景:新型血管内支架材料是目前脑血管疾病介入治疗的研究热点。目的:分析血管内支架材料学特征及缺血性脑卒中治疗效果。方法:第一作者于2012年12月应用计算机检索数据库的相关文章,中文检索词为“缺血性脑卒中;血管内支架;支架材料;介入治疗”,检索时间范围在2003至2012年,共检索到相关文献120篇,符合纳入标准并用于分析的文献24篇。结果与结论:①金属裸支架在血液中长期存放有腐蚀、金属离子溶出和凝血性等现象,为解决金属材料存在的问题,可以通过金属支架表面改性来处理,提高金属材料的血液相溶性。②药物支架是将治疗药物涂于支架表面,使药物能够持续并高浓度的释放,防止支架置入后再狭窄。③覆膜血管内支架是在金属支架外表覆以可降解或不可降解的聚合物薄膜,抑制血管内皮增生,对血管平滑肌细胞具有良好的生物相容性,可以预防血管支架置入后再狭窄。血管内支架治疗可以降低缺血性脑卒中的风险,是一种安全有效的治疗手段,同时还可以改善缺血性脑病患者的认知功能障碍。基因及细胞种植支架材料在防治脑血管介入后再狭窄方面也具有一定优势,是血管内支架材料研究的新方向。
    • Sitashi Poudyal; 潘卫红; 占柳
    • 摘要: 背景:根管玷污层可影响根管药物进行消毒,同时可降低充填材料与根管壁的密合性,还可使根尖微渗漏显著增加,造成根管治疗的失败,而能否有效去除玷污层是临床上成功进行根管治疗的前提和关键.目的:从螯合剂基本结构出发对其去除根管玷污层作用进行叙述,深入解析影响螯合剂去除玷污层效果的各种因素.方法:第一作者利用计算机检索 Medline数据库(1999年1月至2011年12月),以“Chelating agent, smear layer, root canal irrigation, root canal preparation”为检索词进行文献初检,筛选后纳入50篇文章进行综述.结果与结论:影响玷污层去除的因素还有冲洗液的浓度、温度、冲洗量、作用时间、冲洗液的输送方式、与其他冲洗液的协同作用等,其中影响螯合剂去除玷污层的因素主要是冲洗时间和冲洗液的配伍问题,螯合剂对牙本质小管的侵蚀,作用时间越长对其破坏越大.超声的震荡方式也可以增强螯合剂的作用能力,更快的速度到达根尖区,其与次氯酸钠联合应用可提高效能,至于最佳组合仍有待进一步探讨。
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