摘要：
目的 探讨住院精神分裂症患者对室内环境色的偏好特点及影响因素.方法 研究纳入1 320例精神分裂症住院患者进行室内环境色偏好测验,采用自制一般情况问卷、艾森克人格问卷、阳性和阴性症状量表进行调查,并与正常对照组进行颜色偏好比较.结果 (1)精神分裂症组与对照组在绿(Z＝－2.587,P＝0.010)、蓝(Z＝－2.708,P＝0.007)、白(Z＝－2.733,P＝0.006)、灰(Z＝－7.409,P＜0.01)的偏好程度上差异有统计学意义,两组颜色偏好顺序等级相关( r＝0.750,U＝2.710,P＜0.01). (2)患者性别、年龄、居住地、躯体疾病、首发年龄、临床亚型、阳性症状、阴性症状、住院时间、住院次数、精神质、神经质、内外向等因素与颜色偏好显著相关( r＝0.010～0.216 或 r＝－0.122～－0.054,P＜0.05),并能进入颜色偏好的回归方程(β＝0.104～0.055或β＝－0.091～－0.056,P＜0.05).结论 精神分裂症患者最有意义的颜色偏好为红色和黑色,可能与其认知功能及人格特征有关.%Objective To explore the preference and influencing factors of environment color of in-patients with schizophrenia. Methods A total of 1 320 schizophrenic inpatients were enrolled in the study. The self-made general questionnaire,the Eysenck personality questionnaire,the positive and negative symp-tom scale were used in this survey and the color preference was compared with the normal control group. Re-sults (1)The preference degree was significantly different in green(Z＝－2.587,P＝0.010),blue(Z＝－2.708,P＝0.007),white(Z＝－2.733,P＝0.006) and grey(Z＝－7.409,P＜0.01) between the two groups, and the sequence of color preference was consistent(r＝0.750,U＝2.710,P＜0.01).(2) Gender,age,place of residence,physical disease,starting age,disease subtype,positive symptoms,negative symptoms,hospitaliza-tion time,hospitalization frequency,psychoticism and neuroticism,internal and external factors were signifi-cantly related to color preferences(r＝0.010-0.216 or r＝－0.122-－0.054,P＜0.05),which would be the influ-ence factors to color preferences(β＝0.104-0.055 or β＝－0.091- －0.056,P＜0.05). Conclusion The most significant color preferences for patients with schizophrenia are red and black, which may be related to their cognitive function and personality characteristics.
