cold

摘要： In the developed countries significant proportion of reclaimed asphalt pavement(RAP)materials are used in the construction of pavements.Until recently,milled asphalt from old roads was sent to tip as waste.However,in recent years there has been increased use of waste materials in many road projects within the capital city and federal road network.Use of RAP materials is relatively new to Ethiopia and understanding its characteristics and related technology with all its potential environmental,economic and social benefits is important.Cold recycling is desired due to its potential economic benefit.In this study characteristics of RAP materials are assessed both from literature and laboratory investigations in order to better understand its performance and use.Questionnaire survey was undertaken to identify factors that are hindering recycling of materials in pavements in Ethiopia and what is to be done to overcome these factors.A policy statement is derived to support a quick start and implementation of asphalt pavement recycling in Ethiopia.Currently,a huge asphalt pavement network is being constructed and virgin construction material exploration and import materials such as bitumen is costing the country a lot of money.Over USD 7 Billion worth asphalt pavement have been constructed over the last 23 years to serve the public and freight transport,which requires about USD 176 million annually for maintenance and rehabilitation works.Therefore,any saving obtained from recycling will have meaningful impact on cost saving and environment preservation.

摘要： 温度是影响水稻品种形成和地域分布的主要环境因子。亚洲栽培稻分为籼稻和粳稻两个亚种,籼稻低温耐受性较弱,主要分布在我国华南和淮河以南的热带/亚热带地区;粳稻低温耐受性较强,主要分布于我国北部和东北部。目前,学界对籼、粳稻低温耐受性差异的分子基础已有一定的了解,低温感受器编码基因COLD1在籼、粳稻之间存在明显差异,COLD1中单个核苷酸变化能够明显改变水稻的耐寒性。低温感受器下游信号通路众多,但哪些调控途径在籼/粳稻耐寒性差异形成中发挥关键作用尚不清楚。

摘要： Acid regurgitation is a common symptom in digestive system diseases which is mainly caused by emotions,diet,and other factors.It is related to gastroesophageal reflux disease,chronic gastritis,and other diseases in Western medicine.According to modem medical research,acid reflux is related to Helicobacter pylori(HP)infection,weak effect of anti-reflux barrier,decreased clearance of esophageal acid,dysfunction of esophageal mucosal barrier,strong stimulation of reflux on esophageal mucosal wall,and other factors[1].It can be divided into four types which are heat,cold,food stagnation,and yin deficiency It is often accompanied by vomiting,heartbum,stomachache,and other symptoms.Clinically,it is a mixture of cold and heat,as well as excess and deficiency.Professor Du''s self-made method of“first soothing,second reducing,and third harmonizmg”(soothing liver and stomach,relieving stomach qi,and neutralizing stomach acid)is used to treat both,symptoms and the root causes.The commonly used prescriptions are left-running metal pill,cuttlefish bone and fritillaria powder,calcined ark shell,oyster shell,etc.

摘要： 从BNC语料库和CCL语料库中收集"cold"和"冷"两个词的隐喻表达,运用认知凸显观的图形背景与隐喻理论对"cold"和"冷"的词义进行对比分析.研究发现,"cold"和"冷"的隐喻体现生理感觉、心理状态、性情、物质属性和政治形势等维度,并且两者的原型词义相似,拓展意义有相同凸显,如心理和情感域、视觉和听觉域、人物特性域、战争域、疾病域以及事件关注和状态域;而两者的语义凸显也有差异,主要受到思维与文化的影响.

摘要： A frigid zone is usually a region of low latitude or high altitude.In terms of temperature,the criterium for defining a frigid zone is that the average temperature of the coldest month is below 0°C.In China,the frigid zone accounts for 43.5%of the total land area;therefore,health management and disease research in frigid zone are universal and necessary.

摘要： Objective:Compared to Chinese herbal piecesherbal pieces,the quality of TCM granule is stable and controllable,it is also a convenient alternative to decocting herbs.However,whether they are as clinically effective as Chinese herbal piecesherbal pieces is still controversial.In this study,a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to assess the clinical efficacy of TCM granules and Chinese herbal piecesherbal pieces.Methods:A search of online databases for eligible articles was performed,including PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,China National Knowledge Internet,WanFang,and Chongqing VIP Information,searching from the inception of these databases to 2020.The Cochrane Handbook 5.1.0 was used to independently identify the trials,extract data,and assess the risk of bias.The meta-analysis was performed via RevMan 5.3 software.Results:A total of 98 eligible articles were included.After classification and statistical analysis of the related diseases,a meta-analysis was performed on 8 types of illnesses(cold,hypertension,migraine,osteoporosis,and diseases of the digestive system,such as gastritis,gastric ulcer,colitis,epigastric pain)included in 66 randomized controlled trials to compare the clinical efficacy and adverse events of TCM granules and Chinese herbal pieces.Meta-analysis showed that compared with Chinese herbal piecesherbal pieces,TCM granules had similar effectiveness and safety in treating cold,hypertension,and osteoporosis,but a higher response rate in migraines and a better effect in reducing migraine duration and higher response rate on diseases of the digestive system.Conclusion:Compared with the traditional decoctions,TCM formula granules had the same efficacy and safety,moreover,they had higher efficacy and safety in treating migraines and digestive system diseases.

摘要： 本文译自《科学与全球安全》(Science & Global Security第25卷,俄罗斯核力量计划工作论文《Did Star Wars Help End the Cold War?Soviet Response to the SDI Program》。本刊发表此文,并不表示证实其报道或赞同其观点,仅供感兴趣的读者朋友们参考。

摘要： Background: Tonsillectomy is one of the most commonly performed surgical operations in the recent years. It is mainly done for chronic tonsillitis and obstructive symptoms. Aims & Objectives: To compare the operating time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative pain, time needed to return to normal diet and activity in coblation and dissection tonsillectomy. Methods: This is a prospective study done at Pushpagiri Medical College for a period of one and a half years from March 2015 to September 2016. Out of the 50 patients, 25 underwent coblation tonsillectomy and 25 underwent conventional dissection tonsillectomy. Method of surgery depended on patients’ or parents’ choice. Intra operative measures like operating time, blood loss and post-operative morbidity were measured and compared. Results: In this study, there was significant difference in intraoperative time in coblation tonsillectomy compared to cold dissection tonsillectomy (mean operative time—13.4 minutes for coblation and 20.4 minutes for cold dissection with p value less than 0.05). Intraoperative blood loss was significantly less for coblation (18.9 ml) compared to traditional (43.0 ml) with p value 0.002. Average postoperative pain score 6 hours after operation was 7.6 for coblation and 8.5 for cold dissection with a significant p value of 0.002. Average time taken to return to normal diet among coblation was 6.4 days and dissection was 7.0 days with p value of 0.078 which is not statistically significant. However, average time taken to return to normal activity among coblation was 6.3 days and dissection was 7.1 days with a significant p value of 0.024. Conclusion: Coblation tonsillectomy significantly reduces the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, immediate postoperative pain, and patient returns early to regular routine, but with a higher cost.

摘要： An abrupt temperature change and a warming hiatus have strongly influenced the global climate.This study focused on these changes in Inner Mongolia, China. This study used the central clustering method, Mann-Kendall mutation test and other methods to explore the abrupt temperature change and warming hiatus in three different temperature zones of the study region based on average annual data series.Among the temperature metrics investigated, average minimum temperature(Tnav) shifted the earliest,followed by average temperature(Tnv) and average maximum temperature(Txav). The latest change was observed in summer(1990 s), whereas the earliest was observed in winter(1970 s). Before and after the abrupt temperature change, Tnav fluctuated considerably, whereas there was only a slight change in Txav.Before and after the abrupt temperature change, the winter temperature changed more dramatically than the summer temperature. Before the abrupt temperature change, Tnav in the central region(0.322°C/10 a)and west region(0.48°C/10 a) contributed the most to the increasing temperatures. After the abrupt temperature change, Tnav in winter in the central region(0.519°C/10 a) and in autumn in the west region(0.729°C/10 a) contributed the most to the temperature increases. Overall, in the years in which temperature shifts occurred early, a warming hiatus also appeared early. The three temperature metrics in spring(1991)in the east region were the first to exhibit a warming hiatus. In the east region, Txav displayed the lowest rate of increase(0.412°C/a) in the period after the abrupt temperature change and before the warming hiatus,and the highest rate of increase after the warming hiatus.

摘要： 本发明提供了一种检测水稻耐低温基因COLD1基因型的方法及其dCAPS标记。dCAPS标记上游引物序列为：dcaps‑F：5'‑CCGTCAATCTGCCTTACAGCTATCTGTCAC‑3'，下游引物序列为dcaps‑R：5'‑TGAGCTGCCTTTCCAATGTTTTGAAGGCC‑3'。PCR扩增产物进一步用限制性内切酶StuI酶切，经8％聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳，银染。能检测到196bp条带为含COLD1ind基因，不耐低温的水稻材料，能检测到169bp条带的水稻为含COLD1jap基因，耐低温的水稻材料。通过对3个粳稻品种和4个籼稻品种以及98个籼粳交F2代个体进行COLD1的基因型进行鉴定，证实该标记可以准确的鉴定水稻COLD1基因的粳稻COLD1jap基因型、籼稻COLD1ind基因型及杂合基因型。该检测方法准确性高、特异性强，在分子辅助育种中有较强的实用性。

摘要： 本发明属于雷达阵列信号处理技术领域，公开了一种基于重采样的COLD阵列波达方向和极化参数联合估计方法。主要解决现有技术运算量庞大、低信噪比下参数估计精度大幅度下降的问题。其主要思路为：事先预估计来波方向和极化参数的范围，并与重采样相结合，使经重采样后参数估计值都为正常值，不存在异常值，改变添加伪噪声方式，对每组重采样选出最优的伪噪声权值。本发明可以避免谱峰搜索、降低求根多项式阶数、减少计算量和硬件复杂度，并大幅度提高低信噪比下的波达方向和极化参数估计性能，克服了现有技术中利用谱峰搜索所带来的运算量大和低信噪比下参数估计性能严重下降的缺点。

摘要： 本发明属于植物基因工程领域，涉及一种控制水稻耐冷基因COLD2的分离克隆、功能验证，及其在水稻耐冷性育种中的应用。具体而言，本发明公开了一种控制水稻耐冷基因COLD2(即，调控粳稻品种日本晴耐冷基因COLD2)，该基因编码区的不同突变导致水稻耐冷能力降低。本发明还提供了上述水稻耐冷基因在水稻耐冷育种中的应用。

摘要： 本发明公开了钙调素结合蛋白COLD12在调控植物耐冷性中的应用。本发明提供了COLD12蛋白或其相关生物材料在调控植物耐冷性中的应用；所述相关生物材料为能够表达所述COLD12蛋白的核酸分子或含有所述核酸分子的表达盒、重组载体、重组菌或转基因细胞系；所述COLD12蛋白为SEQ ID No.1所示蛋白或其经一个或几个氨基酸残基的取代和/或缺失和/或添加，或序列具有99％以上、95％以上、90％以上、85％以上或者80％以上同源性且具有相同功能的蛋白，或其N端和/或C端连接标签后得到的融合蛋白。实验证明，COLD12及其编码基因可以调控植物的耐冷性，向植物中导入COLD12的编码基因可以提高植物的耐冷性。本发明对于培育耐冷植物新品种具有重要意义。

摘要： 本发明公开了钙调素结合蛋白COLD13在调控植物耐冷性中的应用。本发明提供了COLD13蛋白或其相关生物材料在调控植物耐冷性中的应用；所述相关生物材料为能够表达所述COLD13蛋白的核酸分子或含有所述核酸分子的表达盒、重组载体、重组菌或转基因细胞系；所述COLD13蛋白为SEQ ID No.1所示蛋白或其经一个或几个氨基酸残基的取代和/或缺失和/或添加，或序列具有99％以上、95％以上、90％以上、85％以上或者80％以上同源性且具有相同功能的蛋白，或其N端和/或C端连接标签后得到的融合蛋白。实验证明，COLD13及其编码基因可以调控植物的耐冷性，向植物中导入COLD13的编码基因可以提高植物的耐冷性。本发明对于培育耐冷植物新品种具有重要意义。

摘要： 本发明公开了水稻苗期耐低温基因COLD1的KASP标记开发及应用，属于基因组序列及植物生物技术领域。为鉴定或辅助鉴定水稻低温耐性的方法，包括检测待测水稻的基因型，根据待测水稻的基因型鉴定或辅助鉴定水稻低温耐性；所述基因型为水稻基因组中KASP_COLD1位点的基因型；所述记KASP_COLD1位点是水稻基因组中的一个SNP位点，其核苷酸种类为T或R，为序列表中SEQ ID No.4的第101位核苷酸。本发明提供了一种水稻苗期耐低温基因COLD1紧密连锁的KASP分子标记开发与应用，具有操作简便、成本低廉、检测周期短、标记稳定、绿色环保等优点，可精准检测水稻苗期耐低温基因COLD1，对促进耐低温水稻育种具有重要意义。

摘要： 本发明涉及一种鉴定水稻耐低温基因COLD1基因型的PCR/LDR分子标记及方法，属于水稻育种技术领域。本发明所述分子标记包括一对PCR引物和三条LDR探针，PCR引物对正向引物序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示，反向引物序列如SEQ ID NO.2所示。LDR探针包括一条荧光标记探针Probe‑FAM，序列如SEQ ID NO.3所示，一条籼型等位基因特异探针Probe‑ind，序列如SEQ ID NO.4所示，一条粳型等位基因特异探针Probe‑jap，序列如SEQ ID NO.5所示。本发明方法不仅能准确快速的鉴定水稻品种或育种群体中各个株系中耐低温基因COLD1的基因型，而且能实现较多样品的高通量检测。与常规的分子标记基相比具有更加简便、快捷高效的优势。本发明提供的方法能进一步提高COLD1‑ind纯合基因型株系的选择效率，加快耐低温水稻品种的育种进程。

摘要： 本发明涉及阵列信号处理，为实现保留不同接收信号分量之间的正交性，还增大四元数接收模型的维度，从而有效提高DOA估计性能。为此，本发明采取的技术方案是，基于COLD阵列的增强四元数ESPRIT方法，通过构建两个四元数模型连接成新的增强四元数模型；再利用四元数特征值分解应用得到增强四元数协方差矩阵来估计增强四元数信号子空间；最后，使用不同子阵列的所对应得增强四元数信号子空间来形成旋转不变性方程，获得最终DOA估计。本发明主要应用于雷达设备设计制造场合。

摘要： 本发明提供了一种检测水稻耐低温基因COLD1基因型的方法及其dCAPS标记。dCAPS标记上游引物序列为：dcaps‑F：5'‑CCGTCAATCTGCCTTACAGCTATCTGTCAC‑3'，下游引物序列为dcaps‑R：5'‑TGAGCTGCCTTTCCAATGTTTTGAAGGCC‑3'。PCR扩增产物进一步用限制性内切酶StuI酶切，经8％聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳，银染。能检测到196bp条带为含COLD1ind基因，不耐低温的水稻材料，能检测到169bp条带的水稻为含COLD1jap基因，耐低温的水稻材料。通过对3个粳稻品种和4个籼稻品种以及98个籼粳交F2代个体进行COLD1的基因型进行鉴定，证实该标记可以准确的鉴定水稻COLD1基因的粳稻COLD1jap基因型、籼稻COLD1ind基因型及杂合基因型。该检测方法准确性高、特异性强，在分子辅助育种中有较强的实用性。

摘要： 本发明涉及验证D3cold对使能SSDHMB的影响方法及装置，该方法，包括：获取使能HMB命令，并设定第一内存返还字段值；设置SSD配置空间内功耗状态寄存器，以使SSD进入D3hot；对SSD断电，以使SSD进入D3cold；对SSD重新上电并初始化；获取使能HMB命令，并设定第二内存返还字段值；对SSD进行读写操作；判断读写操作是否成功；若读写操作成功，则验证通过。本发明可验证进入和退出D3cold对使能SSDHMB功能的影响，测试不需要挑选笔记本电脑，提高了测试效率。