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氟化物中毒

氟化物中毒的相关文献在1981年到2021年内共计449篇,主要集中在内科学、预防医学、卫生学、畜牧、动物医学、狩猎、蚕、蜂 等领域,其中期刊论文413篇、会议论文36篇、专利文献921221篇;相关期刊83种,包括浙江气象、中华预防医学杂志、中华病理学杂志等; 相关会议16种,包括中华医学会地方病学分会第六届委员会青年委员会2010年学术会议、第三届泰山微量元素高级论坛、中华医学会地方病学分会第六届委员会青年委员会学术会议等;氟化物中毒的相关文献由1054位作者贡献,包括官志忠、孙殿军、李达圣等。

氟化物中毒—发文量

期刊论文>

论文:413 占比:0.04%

会议论文>

论文:36 占比:0.00%

专利文献>

论文:921221 占比:99.95%

总计:921670篇

氟化物中毒—发文趋势图

氟化物中毒

-研究学者

  • 官志忠
  • 孙殿军
  • 李达圣
  • 安冬
  • 张伯友
  • 范中学
  • 高彦辉
  • 何平
  • 吴昌学
  • 李晓茜
  • 期刊论文
  • 会议论文
  • 专利文献

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    • 王纯; 梁璐璐; 叶凌; 何琪; 钟毅; 王胜远; 何冬玲; 官志忠; 刘艳洁
    • 摘要: 目的 观察慢性氟中毒大鼠脑组织胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)、β-微管蛋白Ⅲ(β-tubulin Ⅲ)和突触素(synaptophsin)表达水平,探索三复合体突触在慢性氟中毒大鼠中枢神经系统(CNS)损伤机制中的作用,以及硫酸软骨素(CS)的神经保护作用.方法 选择1月龄清洁级SD大鼠雌雄各48只,按体重(90~ 120g)采用随机数字表法分为8组,每组12只,雌雄各半.采用含有不同浓度氟化钠(NaF)的自来水[<0.5 mg/L(对照,CN),10.0 mg/L(低剂量染氟,LF),50.0 mg/L(高剂量染氟,HF)]喂养,其中部分大鼠直接喂养185 d(CN、LF、HF组),其余大鼠于喂养180 d后连续5d腹腔注射生理盐水(NS)或染氟大鼠腹腔注射0.66mg/kg CS,分别为CN+ NS、LF+ NS、HF+ NS组和LF+ CS、HF+ CS组.实验结束后采用苏木素-伊红染色于光镜下观察各组大鼠脑组织海马CM区病理改变,免疫组织化学法检测海马CA4区GFAP、β-tubulin Ⅲ和synaptophsin的表达及分布,蛋白免疫印迹法检测海马GFAP、β-tubulin Ⅲ和synaptophsin蛋白表达水平.结果 光镜下LF、HF、LF+ NS、HF+ NS组雌、雄性大鼠海马CA4区均可见神经元嗜酸性变、丢失和排列层次不整齐,LF+CS、HF+ CS组较CN组形态学未见明显改变,而较LF、HF、LF+ NS、HF+ NS组有明显改善.免疫组织化学法检测结果显示,LF、HF组雌、雄性大鼠GFAP、β-tubulin Ⅲ、synaptophsin阳性面积率均低于CN组(P均<0.05);而LF+ CS、HF+ CS组分别高于LF、HF组(P均<0.05).蛋白免疫印迹法检测结果显示,LF、HF组雌、雄性大鼠GFAP、β-tubulin Ⅲ、synaptophsin蛋白表达水平(LF组:0.90±0.09、0.82±0.08,1.43±0.14、0.92±0.02,1.21±0.15、0.87±0.02,HF组:0.58±0.14、0.73±0.03,0.63±0.06、0.67±0.03,0.87±0.04、0.70±0.05)均低于CN组(1.24±0.08、1.09±0.10,2.64±0.30、1.54±0.09,1.72±0.10、1.13±0.06,P均<0.05).结论 慢性氟中毒引起的CNS损伤可能与三复合体突触以及细胞外基质有关,CS可能在一定程度上降低损伤.
    • 张元海; 王新刚; 田鹏飞; 张建芬; 胡祖良; 徐彬; 叶春江; 倪良方; 韩春茂
    • 摘要: Objective To retrospectively explore the effects of modified dosage of calcium gluconate (CG) on the patients with hydrofluoric acid burns not in hands or feet.Methods One hundred and sixty patients with hydrofluoric acid burns not in hands or feet were hospitalized in our burn ward from January 2004 to December 2017.Based on the dosage of CG at different admission time,76 patients hospitalized from January 2004 to December 2012 were included in traditional group,and 84 patients hospitalized from January 2013 to December 2017 were included in modified group.For patients in the two groups,subcutaneous injection of CG solution at one time was immediately conducted on admission in topical treatment.In traditional group,the injection was CG solution with mass concentration of 100 g/L.For wounds of superficial partial-thickness and above degree,CG solution was prescribed at the dosage of 50 mg/cm2.Wounds of superficial-thickness or mass fraction of hydrofluoric acid less than 20.0% did not receive injection.In modified group,the mass concentration of CG solution for injection was diluted with normal saline to 25 g/L.For wounds of deep partial-thickness and above degree,CG solution was prescribed at the dosage of (50 × mass fraction of hydrofluoric acid) mg/cm2.For wounds of superficial partial-thickness,CG solution was prescribed at the dosage of (25 × mass fraction of hydrofluoric acid) mg/cm2.For wounds of superficial-thickness,CG solution was prescribed at the dosage of 2.5 mg/cm2.For systemic treatment,the injection velocity of CG solution via venous access was adjusted according to the level of serum calcium namely total serum calcium of patients in traditional group.In modified group,serum ionized calcium was additionally detected through automatic blood gas analyzer by the bed to regulate the injection velocity of CG via venous access.The incidence rate of hypercalcemia and mortality of patients after treatment in the two groups,and the situation about treatment of survivors in the two groups were analyzed.Data were processed with chi-square test,Fisher's exact probability test,t test,and Mann-Whitney U test.Results (1) After treatment,9 patients (11.8%) had hypercalcemia,while the other 67 patients (88.2%) did not have hypercalcemia in traditional group.Two patients (2.4%) had hypercalcemia,while the other 82 patients (97.6%) did not have hypercalcemia in modified group.The incidence rate of hypercalcemia of patients in traditional group was significantly higher than that in modified group (x2 =5.579,P =0.02).(2) There were two deaths (2.6%) and 74 survivors (97.4%) in traditional group,while there were two deaths (2.4%) and 82 survivors (97.6%) in modified group.The mortalities of patients in the two groups were close (P >0.05).(3) The ratios of eschar excision and skin grafting and hyperplastic scar formation,wound healing time,and ratio of esophageal scar stenosis of survivors in the two groups were close (x2 =0.002,0.054,Z =0.66,P > 0.05).Conclusions Hydrofluoric acid is highly dangerous.The early management of patients with hydrofluoric acid burns emphasizing specialized dosage of CG for treatment can be helpful to reduce incidence of complications and improve the safety of treatment.%目的 回顾性探讨改良葡萄糖酸钙(CG)给药剂量对非手足部的氢氟酸烧伤患者的治疗效果. 方法 2004年1月-2017年12月,笔者单位收治160例非手足部的氢氟酸烧伤患者.根据不同时期CG剂量,将2004年1月-2012年12月入院的76例患者设为传统组,201 3年1月一2017年12月入院的84例患者设为改良组.局部治疗中,2组患者入院时立即于创面一次性皮下注射CG溶液,传统组患者注射液为质量浓度100 g/L的CG溶液,浅Ⅱ度及以上深度创面按50 mg/cm2计算剂量,Ⅰ度创面及致伤氢氟酸质量分数低于20.0%者不注射;改良组患者注射液为采用生理盐水稀释的质量浓度25 g/L的CG溶液,按照深Ⅱ度及以上深度创面(50×氢氟酸质量分数)mg/cm2、浅Ⅱ度创面(25×氢氟酸质量分数)mg/cm2、I度创面2.5 mg/cm2计算剂量.全身治疗中,传统组患者根据血钙即血总钙水平调整静脉CG溶液注射速度,改良组另加用全自动血气分析仪床旁检测血游离钙水平,并以此调整静脉CG溶液注射速度.统计2组患者治疗后高钙血症发生率、病死率及存活患者的治疗相关情况.对数据行x2检验、Fisher确切概率法检验、t检验、Mann-Whitney U检验.结果 (1)治疗后,传统组有9例(1 1.8%)患者发生高钙血症,67例(88.2%)患者未发生高钙血症;改良组有2例(2.4%)患者发生高钙血症,82例(97.6%)患者未发生高钙血症.改良组患者高钙血症发生率明显低于传统组(x2=5.579,P=0.02).(2)传统组2例(2.6%)患者死亡,74例(97.4%)患者存活;改良组2例(2.4%)患者死亡,82例(97.6%)患者存活.2组患者的病死率相近(P>0.05).(3)2组患者中存活者创面切痂植皮术比例、增生性瘢痕比例、创面愈合时间、食道瘢痕狭窄比例相近(x2 =0.002、0.054,Z=0.66,P>0.05). 结论 氢氟酸烧伤具有高度危险性,早期采用个体化剂量的CG治疗有助于减少并发症,提高治疗的安全性.
    • 田鹏飞; 王新刚; 张元海; 张建芬; 徐彬; 胡祖良; 叶春江; 韩春茂
    • 摘要: Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with hydrofluoric acid (HF) burns.Methods Clinical data of 316 patients with HF burns admitted to Zhejiang Quhua Hospital from January 2004 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.Patients were divided into non and mild poisoning group (NMP,n =157),moderate poisoning group (MP,n =120),and severe and fatal poisoning group (SFP,n =39) based on the severity of poisoning.Occurrences of hypocalcemia,hypomagnesemia,hypokalemia,and hyperkalemia of patients within 24 hours after admission were recorded.Values of emergency urinary fluoride of patients on admission were recorded.Values of urinary fluoride of patients admitted to hospital in 4 hours post injury in groups MP and SFP at post injury hour 4,12,and 24 and on post injury day 2,3,4,5,6,and 7 were also recorded.Electrocardiographic abnormalities of patients within 24 hours after admission were recorded.Data were processed with chi-square test,Kruskal-Wallis H test,and Mann-Whitney U test.Results (1) Hypocalcemia,hypomagnesemia,and hypokalemia occurred in some patients in each of the three groups,but no patient had hyperkalemia.Taking serum calcium namely total serum calcium as reference,the incidence rate of hypocalcemia of patients in group NMP was close to that in group MP (x2 =0.05,P > 0.05).The incidence rate of hypocalcemia of patients in group SFP was significantly higher than that in group NMP or group MP (x2 =10.53,7.92,P < 0.01).The incidence rates of hypokalemia in the three groups were close (x2 =0.63,P > 0.05).Taking serum ionized calcium as reference,the incidence ratio of hypocalcemia of patients in group NMP was close to that in group MP (x2 =0.01,P > 0.05),while there were statistically significant differences in incidence ratio of hypocalcemia of patients between group SFP and each of group NMP and group MP (x2 =4.66,4.47,P < 0.05).Taking serum calcium as reference,the incidence rate of hypocalcemia of patients was 7.3% (23/316).Taking serum ionized calcium as reference,the incidence rate of hypocalcemia of patients was 60.0% (42/70),which was significantly higher than that of taking serum calcium as reference (x2 =113.74,P < 0.01).The incidence rates of hypomagnesemia of patients in groups MP and NMP were close (x2 =0.02,P > 0.05).The incidence rate of hypomagnesemia of patients in group SFP was significantly higher than that in group NMP or group MP (x2 =14.69,9.94,P < 0.01).(2) The urinary fluoride levels were tested in 288 patients,with the value of emergency urinary fluoride of patients on admission 0.2-590.0 mg/L.The values of urinary fluoride of 202 patients were above the normal value.The values of emergency urinary fluoride of patients in groups NMP,MP,and SFP were 2.15 (1.11,4.30),5.89 (1.72,14.25),and 36.0 (13.2,103.2) mg/L,respectively.The values of emergency urinary fluoride of patients in groups MP and SFP were significantly higher than the value in group NMP (x2 =23.28,66.03,P < 0.01).The value of emergency urinary fluoride of patients in group SFP was significantly higher than that in group MP (x2 =39.23,P < 0.01).The value of urinary fluoride of 33 patients admitted to hospital within 4 hours post injury in groups MP and SFP reached the top at 4 hours post injury and then gradually declined,which returned to normal on about 5 days post injury.The values of urinary fluoride of patients in group SFP at 4,12,and 24 hours post injury and on 2,3,4,5,6,and 7 days post injury were significantly higher than those in groupMP (Z =-4.28,-4.15,-3.81,-4.21,-2.48,-2.06,-2.31,-2.68,-3.03,P < 0.05 or P <0.01).(3) Twenty-seven patients had electrocardiographic abnormality.There were 12 patients with T wave changes (the most common),8 patients with ST-T changes,6 patients with ventricular arrhythmias,6 patients with conduction block,and 1 patient with broadened QRS waveform.There was no patient with prolonged Q-T interval.The ratios of patients with the above electrocardiographic abnormalities in group SFP were higher than those in group NMP and group MP.Conclusions Clinical manifestations of patients with HF burn are hypocalcemia,hypomagnesemia,hypokalemia,and electrocardiographic abnormality.In addition to routine serum electrolyte and electrocardiogram monitoring,the levels of serum ionized calcium and urinary fluoride can be helpful to evaluate the severity of illness of the patients.%目的 探讨氢氟酸烧伤患者的临床特征. 方法 回顾性分析2004年1月-2016年12月浙江衢化医院收治的316例氢氟酸烧伤患者的病历资料.按中毒严重程度将患者分为无和轻度中毒组157例、中度中毒组120例、重度和致命性中毒组39例.统计患者入院24 h内低钙血症、低镁血症、低钾血症、高钾血症发生情况.统计患者入院急诊尿氟值,中度中毒组、重度和致命性中毒组伤后4h内入院患者伤后4、12、24 h及伤后2、3、4、5、6、7d尿氟值.统计患者入院24 h内心电图异常情况.对数据行x2检验、Kruskal-WallisH检验和Mann-WhitneyU检验. 结果 (1)低钙血症、低镁血症和低钾血症在3组患者中均有发生,但无一例患者发生高钾血症.以血钙即血总钙为参考,中度中毒组患者低钙血症发生率与无和轻度中毒组相近(x2 =0.05,P>0.05),重度和致命性中毒组患者低钙血症发生率明显高于无和轻度中毒组、中度中毒组(x2=10.53、7.92,P<0.01).3组患者低钾血症发生率相近(x2 =0.63,P>0.05).以血游离钙为参考,中度中毒组患者低钙血症发生比例与无和轻度中毒组相近(x2 =0.01,P>0.05);重度和致命性中毒组患者低钙血症发生比例与无和轻度中毒组、中度中毒组比较,差异有统计学意义(x2 =4.66、4.47,P<0.05).以血钙为参考,患者低钙血症发生率为7.3%(23/316);以血游离钙为参考,患者低钙血症发生率为60.0%(42/70).以血游离钙诊断患者低钙血症的发生率明显高于以血钙诊断的发生率(x2 =113.74,P<0.01).中度中毒组患者低镁血症发生率与无和轻度中毒组相近(x2 =0.02,P>0.05),重度和致命性中毒组患者低镁血症发生率明显高于无和轻度中毒组、中度中毒组(x2=14.69、9.94,P<0.01).(2)288例患者检测了尿氟,入院急诊尿氟值为0.2~ 590.0 mg/L,其中202例患者尿氟值高于正常值.无和轻度中毒组、中度中毒组、重度和致命性中毒组患者急诊尿氟值分别为2.15(1.11,4.30)、5.89(1.72,14.25)、36.0(13.2,103.2) mg/L,中度中毒组、重度和致命性中毒组患者急诊尿氟值明显高于无和轻度中毒组(x2=23.28、66.03,P<0.01),重度和致命性中毒组患者急诊尿氟值明显高于中度中毒组(x2 =39.23,P<0.01).中度中毒组、重度和致命性中毒组伤后4h内入院33例患者尿氟值在伤后4h达峰值,随后逐渐下降,伤后5d左右恢复至正常值范围,其中重度和致命性中毒组患者伤后4、12、24 h及伤后2、3、4、5、6、7d尿氟值均明显高于中度中毒组(Z=-4.28、-4.15、-3.81、-4.21、-2.48、-2.06、-2.31、-2.68、-3.03,P<0.05或P<0.01).(3)27例患者出现异常心电图改变,其中最多见的是T波改变12例,其次是ST-T段改变8例、传导阻滞6例、室性心律失常6例、QRS波形增宽1例,未见Q-T间期延长病例.重度和致命性中毒组出现上述异常心电图情况的患者比例均高于无和轻度中毒组、中度中毒组. 结论 氢氟酸烧伤患者临床表现包括低钙血症、低镁血症、低钾血症和心电图异常,除常规血电解质和心电图监测外,血游离钙和尿氟检测也有助于该类患者病情严重程度判断.
    • 王三祥; 吴赵明; 贾清珍; 王正辉; 李鹏飞; 武敏; 尉红; 雷延庆
    • 摘要: 目的评估山西省燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒综合防治效果,为制订防控措施提供科学依据。方法2016年,在全省选择7个病区县(市),每个县(市)选择3个病区乡,每个乡选择5个病区村作为调查点。调查居民炉灶改良及使用情况,供人食用玉米、辣椒正确干燥情况,以及8~12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况。在每个调查点采集20名8~12岁儿童尿样,测定尿氟含量。尿氟测定采用氟离子选择电极法;儿童氟斑牙诊断依照《氟斑牙诊断》(WS/T208.2011)标准。结果共调查了105个病区村、31696户居民,合格改良炉灶率及合格改良炉灶正确使用率分别为98.46%(31209/31696)、98.80%(30834/31209):玉米辣椒正确干燥率为99.97%(31685/31696);8~12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率为5.56%(264/4751),氟斑牙指数为0.13;儿童尿氟检测2090例,尿氟几何均数为0.72mg/L,范围为0.15~4.33mg/L。结论山西省燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒病区防治效果显著,今后应继续加强病情监测及健康教育工作,并强化防氟炉灶后期管理、维护工作。
    • 王三祥; 吴赵明; 贾清珍; 王正辉; 李鹏飞; 武敏; 尉红; 雷延庆
    • 摘要: Objective To evaluate the effects of prevention and control measures on coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis in Shanxi Province, and to provide a scientific basis for further prevention and treatment of the disease. Methods In 2016, 7 diseased counties (cities) were selected in the whole province, three diseased townships were selected in each county(city), and five diseased villages were selected in each diseased township as the investigation sites. The investigation was carried out on the changes of improved stove and correct usage of the improved stove, and the correct drying behavior related to the corn and pepper for human consumption. Children aged 8 to 12 were examined dental fluorosis. In each village, 20 urine samples of 8 to 12 years old children were collected for fluorine determination. Urine fluoride was determined via the fluoride ion selective electrode method, and children dental fluorosis was diagnosed by "Diagnosis of Dental Fluorosis" method (WS/T 208-2011). Results Altogether 105 villages were investigated, including 31 696 households. The rates of the improved stove and the correct usage of the improved stove were 98.46%(31 209/31 696)and 98.80%(30 834/31 209);the correct drying rate related to the corn and pepper for human consumption was 99.97%(31 685/31 696);the dental fluorosis rate of 8 to 12 years old children,and the dental fluorosis index were 5.56%(264/4 751) and 0.13. The urine fluoride content was between 0.15 - 4.33 mg/L and the geometric mean value of fluoride content was 0.72 mg/L. Conclusions The prevention and control effect is obvious on coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis in Shanxi Province. Disease surveillance,health education,the management and maintenance work of defluoridation stoves are keys in prevention of coal-burning-borne endemic fluorosis.%目的 评估山西省燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒综合防治效果,为制订防控措施提供科学依据.方法 2016年,在全省选择7个病区县(市),每个县(市)选择3个病区乡,每个乡选择5个病区村作为调查点.调查居民炉灶改良及使用情况,供人食用玉米、辣椒正确干燥情况,以及8~12岁儿童氟斑牙患病情况.在每个调查点采集20名8~12岁儿童尿样,测定尿氟含量.尿氟测定采用氟离子选择电极法;儿童氟斑牙诊断依照《氟斑牙诊断》(WS/T 208-2011)标准.结果 共调查了105个病区村、31696户居民,合格改良炉灶率及合格改良炉灶正确使用率分别为98.46%(31209/31696)、98.80%(30834/31209);玉米辣椒正确干燥率为99.97% (31685/31696);8~12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率为5.56%(264/4751),氟斑牙指数为0.13;儿童尿氟检测2090例,尿氟几何均数为0.72 mg/L,范围为0.15~4.33 mg/L.结论 山西省燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒病区防治效果显著,今后应继续加强病情监测及健康教育工作,并强化防氟炉灶后期管理、维护工作.
    • 刘洋; 李艳菊; 王宁; 刘振华; 杨华; 刘燕青; 王飞清
    • 摘要: 目的 探讨p53、p21在燃煤型氟中毒雌鼠卵巢早衰中的表达变化.方法 选用断乳24只清洁级SD雌鼠建立动物模型(模型组),于染氟90 d将雌鼠处死.观察雌鼠染氟期间牙齿的变化,观察卵巢颗粒细胞改变检测雌鼠尿氟、骨氟水平和卵巢组织衰老基因p53和p21表达情况.结果 模型组氟斑牙、尿氟和骨氟水平明显升高.模型组中,低氟组卵巢组织颗粒细胞未见早衰,但随染氟剂量的增加,卵巢组织颗粒细胞呈现轻度、中度、重度性水肿的趋势,细胞形态损伤模糊,且闭锁的卵泡明显增加,黄体退化严重,成熟卵泡显著减少,卵巢功能呈现逐渐早衰的迹象.随染氟剂量增加,各染氟组衰老基因p53和p21表达逐渐增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 燃煤型氟中毒致卵巢早衰与基因p53和p21的表达明显相关.%Objective To investigate the expression changes of p53 and p21 in premature ovarian failure in female rats exposed to coal burning fluorosis.Methods Ablactation 24 SD female rats were chosen to establish animal model (the model group),in fluorine 90 days were put to death.Observed the changes of the teeth of the female rats during fluorine exposure and ovarian granulosa cell premature aging change,detected fluorine contents of urine and bone,and expression of the ovarian granular cell gene p53 and p21.Results In the model group,fluorine spot tooth,the fluorine contents of urine and bone increased significantly.In the model group,there was no premature aging of ovarian granulosa cells in the low fluorine group,but with the increase of dye fluorine metering,ovarian granulosa cells became mild,moderate to severe progressive edema trends,cells morphological damaged fuzzy,and atresia follicles increased significantly,corpus luteum degraded,mature follicle significantly reduced,and the ovarian function gradually signs of premature aging presented.With the increase of dye fluoride measurement,the expression of aging gene p53 and p21 in each group gradually increased,compared with the control group,there was statistically significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusion Premature ovarian failure caused by coal-burning fluorosis was significantly related to the expression of genes p53 and p21.
    • 张念恒; 安冬; 姚丹成; 叶红兵; 张伯友; 高静
    • 摘要: 贵州是全国最严重的燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒病区,2010年在全国率先实现了综合治理措施全覆盖.通过可持续的综合治理,有效降低了病区家庭煤炭资源使用率,推动调整生活能源结构,节能减排效果显著,空气污染状况明显改善;健康卫生理念深入人心,居民知信行转变逐步形成.综合治理成果显著,健康美丽乡村显现.%Guizhou had the most serious coal-burning-borne fluorosis areas and was the first implemented province-wide comprehensive control measures in 2010.Through sustainable comprehensive prevention and control measures,the utilization rate of household coal resources in the disease affected areas had been effectively reduced.We improved the structure of domestic energy sources,made significant progress in energy conservation and emission reduction,and significantly improved air pollution.The concept of health and hygiene had been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.The transformation of citizens' knowledge,trust and conduct gradually took shape,and the comprehensive prevention and control measures achieved remarkable results.
    • 魏玮; 王伟; 赵巧湜; 王诗泽; 逄淑娟; 谭诗文; 孙殿军
    • 摘要: 目的 研究不同剂量氟对大鼠免疫细胞增殖能力与凋亡的影响,探讨氟对机体免疫功能的损伤作用.方法 将60只雄性SPF级Wistar大鼠按体重采用随机数字表法分为对照组和低、中、高氟组,每组15只,各组饮水中氟化钠(NaF)剂量分别为0、50、100、150 mg/L,均自由进食普通饲料和水,12周后处死.计算大鼠胸腺免疫器官指数,CCK-8细胞增殖毒性检测试剂盒检测血液中淋巴细胞的增殖活性,Annexin V/PI法检测大鼠血液中单个核细胞的凋亡情况,Tunal法检测脾脏和胸腺淋巴细胞的凋亡情况.结果 染氟12周,大鼠胸腺免疫器官指数组间比较,差异有统计学意义(F=6.50,P< 0.05);低、中氟组大鼠胸腺免疫器官指数[(0.70±0.19)、(0.84±0.18)g/kg]与对照组[(1.16±0.33)g/kg]比较显著降低(P均<0.05).4组间的B、T淋巴细胞活力比较差异有统计学意义(F=539.97、4.92,P均<0.05);中氟组血液B淋巴细胞活力[(58.09±4.59)%]显著低于对照组和低氟组[(100.00±9.01)%、(106.70±4.82)%,P均<0.05];低、中氟组血液T淋巴细胞活力[(81.11±2.93)%、(75.68±2.34)%]显着低于对照组[(100.00±34.02)%,P均<0.05].低、中、高氟组血液单个核细胞凋亡率[(48.00±7.45)%、(47.26±5.94)%、(48.20±3.40)%]明显高于对照组[(32.50±13.70)%,P均<0.05].光镜下,高氟组脾脏和胸腺中的淋巴细胞凋亡数量明显增多.结论 氟能降低大鼠胸腺免疫器官指数和血液、胸腺及脾脏中淋巴细胞的增殖能力,加快淋巴细胞的凋亡,从而损伤机体的免疫功能.%Objective To study the effects of different fluoride concentrations on proliferation and apoptosis of rats' immune cells,and to explore the effects of fluoride on immune function.Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups,and the concentrations of NaF in drinking water for each group (15 rats in each group) were 0,50,100,and 150 mg/L,respectively.They were freely fed water and commercial standard chow.All rats were sacrificed after 12 weeks.Thymus index was calculated.Lymphocyte proliferation activity in the blood was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay.The apoptosis of monocytes in blood was detected by Annexin V/PI method.The apoptosis of lymphocytes in spleen and thymus was detected by Tunal method.Results After 12 weeks of fluoride exposure,the difference in the thymus immune organ index between the four dose groups was statistically significant (F =6.50,P < 0.05);after 12 weeks,the thymus immune organ index of the low and middle dose groups was significantly lower than that of the control group (0.70 ± 0.19,0.84 ± 0.18 vs 1.16 ± 0.33,P < 0.05).There were significant differences in B and T lymphocyte viability between the four dose groups (F =539.97,4.92,P < 0.05).The viability of B lymphocyte in the blood of the middle dose group was significantly lower than those of control group and the low dose group [(58.09 ± 4.59)% vs (100.00 ± 9.01)%,(106.70 ± 4.82)%,P < 0.05].The viabilities of T lymphocyte in the blood of the low and middle dose groups were significantly lower than that of the control group [(81.11 ± 2.93)%,(75.68 ± 2.34)% vs (100.00 ± 34.02)%,P < 0.05].The apoptosis rates of blood mononuclear cells in the fluoride-treated groups were significantly increased than that of control group [(48.00 ± 7.45)%,(47.26± 5.94)%,(48.20 ± 3.40)% vs (32.50 ± 13.70)%,P < 0.05).Immunohistochemistry results showed that the number of apoptotic lymphocytes in the spleen and thymus increased significantly in high dose group.Conclusion Fluoride can reduce the thymus immune organ index of rats,affect the proliferation of lymphocytes in blood,thymus and spleen,and promote apoptosis of lymphocytes,thus affecting the immune function.
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