Chinese

摘要： BACKGROUND The results of intensive statin pretreatment before percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)is inconsistent between Chinese and Western populations,and there are no corresponding meta-analyses involving hard clinical endpoints in the available published literature.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of high-dose statin loading before PCI in Chinese patients through a meta-analysis.METHODS Relevant studies were identified by searching the electronic databases of PubMed,Embase and Cochrane’s Library to December 2019.The outcomes included an assessment of major adverse cardiovascular event(MACE),non-fatal myocardial infarction(MI),cardiac death,target vessel revascularization(TVR),myalgia/myasthenia and abnormal alanine aminotransferase(ALT)in all enrolled patients.Random effect model and fixed effect model were applied to combine the data,which were further analyzed byχ2 test and I2 test.The main outcomes were then analyzed through the use of relative risks(RR)and its 95%confidence interval(95%CI).RESULTS Eleven studies involving 3123 individuals were included.Compared with patients receiving placebo or no statin treatment before surgery,intensive statin treatment was associated with a clear reduction of risk of MACE(RR=0.44,95%CI:0.31-0.61,P<0.00001).However,compared with the patients receiving moderateintensity statin before surgery,no advantage to intensive statin treatment was seen(RR=1.04,95%CI:0.82-1.31,P=0.74).In addition,no significant difference was observed between intensive statin therapy and non-intensive statin therapy on the incidence of TVR(RR=0.43,95%CI:0.18-1.02,P=0.06),myalgia/myasthenia(RR=1.35,95%CI:0.30-5.95,P=0.69)and abnormal alanine aminotransferase(RR=1.47,95%CI:0.54-4.02,P=0.45)except non-fatal MI(RR=0.54,95%CI:0.33-0.88,P=0.01).CONCLUSION Compared with placebo or no statin pretreatment,intensive statin before PCI displayed reduced incidence of MACE.However,there was no significant benefit between high and moderate-intensity statin.In addition,no significant difference was observed between intensive statin therapy and non-intensive statin therapy on the incidence of TVR,myalgia/myasthenia and abnormal alanine aminotransferase except non-fatal MI.

摘要： Objective:Cytogenetic abnormalities have been proven to be the most valuable parameter for risk stratification of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL).However,studies on the prevalence of cytogenetic abnormalities and their correlation to clinical features in Chinese pediatric patients are limited,especially large-scale studies.Methods:We collected the cytogenetics and clinical data of 1541 children newly diagnosed with ALL between 2001 and 2014 in four Chinese hospitals,and retrospectively analyzed their clinical features,prognosis and risk factors associated with pediatric ALL.

摘要： BACKGROUND Herein,we report the genetic,clinical,molecular and biochemical features of two Han Chinese pedigrees with suggested maternally transmitted non-syndromic hearing loss.AIM To investigate the pathophysiology of hearing loss associated with mitochondrial tRNA mutations.METHODS Sixteen subjects from two Chinese families with hearing loss underwent clinical,genetic,molecular,and biochemical evaluations.Biochemical characterizations included the measurements of tRNA levels using lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from five affected matrilineal relatives of these families and three control subjects.RESULTS Three of the 16 matrilineal relatives in these families exhibited a variable seriousness and age-at-onset(8 years)of deafness.Analysis of mtDNA mutation identified the novel homoplasmic tRNA^(Ile) 4268T>C mutation in two families both belonging to haplogroup D4j.The 4268T>C mutation is located in a highly conserved base pairing(6U–67A)of tRNA^(Ile).The elimination of 6U–67A basepairing may change the tRNA^(Ile) metabolism.Functional mutation was supported by an approximately 64.6%reduction in the level of tRNA^(Ile) observed in the lymphoblastoid cell lines with the 4268T>C mutation,in contrast to the wild-type cell lines.The reduced level of tRNA was below the proposed threshold for normal respiration in lymphoblastoid cells.However,genotyping analysis did not detect any mutations in the prominent deafness-causing gene GJB2 in any members of the family.CONCLUSION These data show that the novel tRNA^(Ile) 4268T>C mutation was involved in maternally transmitted deafness.However,epigenetic,other genetic,or environmental factors may be attributed to the phenotypic variability.These findings will be useful for understanding families with maternally inherited deafness.

摘要： Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in Chinese women,and its incidence is increasing.Regular screening is an effective method for early tumor detection and improving patient prognosis.In this review,we analyze the epidemiological changes and risk factors associated with breast cancer in China and describe the establishment of a screening strategy suitable for Chinese women.Chinese patients with breast cancer tend to be younger than Western patients and to have denser breasts.Therefore,the age of initial screening in Chinese women should be earlier,and the importance of screening with a combination of ultrasound and mammography is stressed.Moreover,Chinese patients with breast cancers have several ancestry-specific genetic features,and aiding in the determination of genetic screening strategies for identifying high-risk populations.On the basis of current studies,we summarize the development of risk-stratified breast cancer screening guidelines for Chinese women and describe the significant improvement in the prognosis of patients with breast cancer in China.

摘要： This paper compares the Chinese and Japanese abbreviations from the perspective of morphology and analyzes the causes of the popularity of abbreviations in modern society.The study shows that there are similar types of abbreviation formation(direct omission of the original word,extraction and combination,and number abbreviation)in the two languages,while in addition to the English alphabet abbreviations,there are“Pinyin”acronyms in Chinese and Roman alphabet abbreviations in Japanese.This study may be helpful in assisting the learners of two languages to further understand the culture of two countries,so as to better promote cultural exchanges.

摘要： Objective:Gliomas are the most common tumors in the central nervous system.The cancer susceptibility candidate 15(CASC15)gene has been reported to be a susceptibility gene for several types of cancer.No studies have been carried out on the predisposing effect of CASC15 gene single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)on glioma risk.Methods:In order to determine whether CASC15 gene SNPs are involved in glioma susceptibility,the first association study in a relatively large sample,which consisted of 171 patients and 228 healthy controls recruited from China,was performed.The contribution of SNPs(rs6939340 A>G,rs4712653 T>C and rs9295536 C>A)to the risk of glioma was evaluated by multinomial logistic regression,based on the calculation of the odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI).Results:In the single locus and combined analysis,it was revealed that the genetic risk score had no significant associations between CASC15 gene SNPs and glioma risk.However,in the stratified analysis,a significant decrease in risk of glioma was observed in subjects of<60 months old with the rs4712653 TT genotype,when compared to those with the CC/CT genotype(OR=0.12,95%CI=0.02-0.91,P=0.041).Conclusion:The present study provides referential evidence on the association between the genetic predisposition of the CASC15 gene and glioma risk in Chinese children.However,more well-designed case-control studies and functional experiments are needed to further explore the role of CASC15 gene SNPs.

摘要： This article investigates the pragmatics of a recently emerged Chinese vocative,namely Jiemei in sentence-initial positions.I attempt to explore how and why such a vocative is widely employed by a female interlocutor to address another female in China.Through the analysis of the examples attained using BCC,a Chinese corpus containing conversations from a wide range of genres,this study suggests a various relational acts performed by Jiemei and its pragmatic functions.

摘要： BACKGROUND There are few nomograms for the prognosis of Chinese patients with triplenegative breast cancer(TNBC).AIM To construct and validate a nomogram for overall survival(OS)of Chinese TNBC patients after surgery.METHODS This study used the data of SEER*stat 8.3.5 and selected Chinese patients with TNBC operated on between 2010 and 2015.Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression models were used.The identified variables were integrated to form a predictive nomogram and risk stratification model;it was assessed with C-indexes and calibration curves.RESULTS The median and maximal OS of the 336 patients was 39 and 83 mo,respectively.The multivariate analysis showed that age(P=0.043),marital status(P=0.040),tumor localization(P=0.030),grade(P=0.035),T classification(P=0.012),and N classification(P=0.002)were independent prognostic factors.The six variables were combined to construct a 1-,3-and 5-year OS nomogram.The C-indexes of the nomogram to predict OS were 0.766 and compared to the seventh edition staging system,which was higher(0.766 vs 0.707,P<0.001).In order to categorize patients into different prognostic groups,a risk stratification model was created.There was a significant difference between the Kaplan–Meier curves of the entire cohort and each disease stage according to the nomogram.CONCLUSION The nomogram provided prognostic superiority over the traditional tumor,node and metastasis system.It could help clinicians make individual OS or risk predictions for Chinese TNBC patients after surgery.

摘要： Objective:The number of immediate breast reconstruction(IBR)procedures has been increasing in China.This study aimed to investigate the oncological safety of IBR,and to compare the survival and surgical outcomes between implant-based and autologous reconstruction.Methods:Data from patients diagnosed with invasive breast cancer who underwent immediate total breast reconstruction between 2001 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed.Long-term breast cancer-specific survival(BCSS),disease-free survival(DFS),and locoregional recurrence-free survival(LRFS)were evaluated.Patient satisfaction with the breast was compared between the implantbased and autologous groups.BCSS,DFS,and LRFS were compared between groups after propensity score matching(PSM).Results:A total of 784 IBR procedures were identified,of which 584 were performed on patients with invasive breast cancer(implantbased,n=288;autologous,n=296).With a median follow-up of 71.3 months,the 10-year estimates of BCSS,DFS,and LRFS were 88.9%[95%confidence interval(CI)(85.1%–93.0%)],79.6%[95%CI(74.7%–84.8%)],and 94.0%[95%CI(90.3%–97.8%)],respectively.A total of 124 patients completed the Breast-Q questionnaire,and no statistically significant differences were noted between groups(P=0.823).After PSM with 27 variables,no statistically significant differences in BCSS,DFS,and LRFS were found between the implant-based(n=177)and autologous(n=177)groups.Further stratification according to staging,histological grade,lymph node status,and lymph-venous invasion status revealed no significant survival differences between groups.Conclusions:Both immediate implant-based and autologous reconstruction were reasonable choices with similar long-term oncological outcomes and patient-reported satisfaction among patients with invasive breast cancer in China.

摘要： BACKGROUND Paget’s disease of bone(PDB)is a rare metabolic bone disease in China and is characterized by increased bone resorption and disorganized bone formation.The main clinical symptoms of PDB are focal or multiple bone pain and deformity with high disability.The disease has high missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis rates.This report summarizes the clinical manifestations,imaging and pathological features,and treatments of 11 patients with PDB at our hospital from 1993 to 2020 in order to improve the recognition and prognosis of PDB.CASE SUMMARY There were eight male and three female patients whose average age was 48.7±11.0 years with a PDB course of 1-16 years.Nine patients had bone pain and bone deformities in different parts of the body,the majority of which involved the long bones.Laboratory examinations revealed elevated serum alkaline phosphatase(ALP)in all patients with an average of 618±460 IU/L(normal range 0-130 IU/L),and serum calcium and phosphorus levels were in the normal range.Imageology showed that osteolysis was usually combined with osteosclerosis and/or bone deformities in single or multiple bones.99mTc-methylene diphosphonate bone scintigraphy revealed increased radionuclide uptake in the bone lesions.Six patients underwent bone tissue biopsy,and the typical pathological changes were a mosaic structure of the bone trabeculae with irregularly arranged cement lines and multinuclear osteoclasts.Ten of the 11 patients were effectively treated with bisphosphonates.CONCLUSION Early diagnosis of the rare disease PDB can be made through elevated ALP levels and typical presentations on bone X-ray and from bone tissue biopsy.

摘要： 英文科技期刊在中国蓬勃发展，进入国际重要索引系统，尤其是SCI，成为当前中国科技期刊发展的最重要的目标之一.影响英文科技期刊的发展因素有很多，诸如学术质量、编辑质量，出版周期、编委会、是否实现网上出版，等等。而英文科技期刊刊名中含China、Chinese对期刊发展的利与弊，尚有待商榷。通过对国际和国内影响因子领先的前十期刊刊名的对比分析，找出这些刊物的共性之一，即它们的刊名主要由专业术语辅以普通英文名词构成，多数不带有国家或地方名称。由此得出结论，英文科技期刊刊名中带China或Chinese，对期刊影响力有负面影响，不利于期刊快速取得高影响因子。

摘要： 英文科技期刊在中国蓬勃发展，进入国际重要索引系统，尤其是SCI，成为当前中国科技期刊发展的最重要的目标之一.影响英文科技期刊的发展因素有很多，诸如学术质量、编辑质量，出版周期、编委会、是否实现网上出版，等等。而英文科技期刊刊名中含China、Chinese对期刊发展的利与弊，尚有待商榷。通过对国际和国内影响因子领先的前十期刊刊名的对比分析，找出这些刊物的共性之一，即它们的刊名主要由专业术语辅以普通英文名词构成，多数不带有国家或地方名称。由此得出结论，英文科技期刊刊名中带China或Chinese，对期刊影响力有负面影响，不利于期刊快速取得高影响因子。

摘要： 英文科技期刊在中国蓬勃发展，进入国际重要索引系统，尤其是SCI，成为当前中国科技期刊发展的最重要的目标之一.影响英文科技期刊的发展因素有很多，诸如学术质量、编辑质量，出版周期、编委会、是否实现网上出版，等等。而英文科技期刊刊名中含China、Chinese对期刊发展的利与弊，尚有待商榷。通过对国际和国内影响因子领先的前十期刊刊名的对比分析，找出这些刊物的共性之一，即它们的刊名主要由专业术语辅以普通英文名词构成，多数不带有国家或地方名称。由此得出结论，英文科技期刊刊名中带China或Chinese，对期刊影响力有负面影响，不利于期刊快速取得高影响因子。

摘要： 英文科技期刊在中国蓬勃发展，进入国际重要索引系统，尤其是SCI，成为当前中国科技期刊发展的最重要的目标之一.影响英文科技期刊的发展因素有很多，诸如学术质量、编辑质量，出版周期、编委会、是否实现网上出版，等等。而英文科技期刊刊名中含China、Chinese对期刊发展的利与弊，尚有待商榷。通过对国际和国内影响因子领先的前十期刊刊名的对比分析，找出这些刊物的共性之一，即它们的刊名主要由专业术语辅以普通英文名词构成，多数不带有国家或地方名称。由此得出结论，英文科技期刊刊名中带China或Chinese，对期刊影响力有负面影响，不利于期刊快速取得高影响因子。

摘要： 英文科技期刊在中国蓬勃发展，进入国际重要索引系统，尤其是SCI，成为当前中国科技期刊发展的最重要的目标之一.影响英文科技期刊的发展因素有很多，诸如学术质量、编辑质量，出版周期、编委会、是否实现网上出版，等等。而英文科技期刊刊名中含China、Chinese对期刊发展的利与弊，尚有待商榷。通过对国际和国内影响因子领先的前十期刊刊名的对比分析，找出这些刊物的共性之一，即它们的刊名主要由专业术语辅以普通英文名词构成，多数不带有国家或地方名称。由此得出结论，英文科技期刊刊名中带China或Chinese，对期刊影响力有负面影响，不利于期刊快速取得高影响因子。

摘要： 英文科技期刊在中国蓬勃发展，进入国际重要索引系统，尤其是SCI，成为当前中国科技期刊发展的最重要的目标之一.影响英文科技期刊的发展因素有很多，诸如学术质量、编辑质量，出版周期、编委会、是否实现网上出版，等等。而英文科技期刊刊名中含China、Chinese对期刊发展的利与弊，尚有待商榷。通过对国际和国内影响因子领先的前十期刊刊名的对比分析，找出这些刊物的共性之一，即它们的刊名主要由专业术语辅以普通英文名词构成，多数不带有国家或地方名称。由此得出结论，英文科技期刊刊名中带China或Chinese，对期刊影响力有负面影响，不利于期刊快速取得高影响因子。