摘要：
[Objective] This study investigated the changes of endogenous hormones of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge at florescence and fruit periods and analyzed the regulatory mechanism of endogenous hormones during flowering and fruiting processes to provide basis for exogenous hormone application.[Method] Flowers and fruits of 4-year-old Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge during florescence (inflorescence elongation stage,early flowering,full-bloom stage,and late florescence stage) and fruit (from growth period to mature period) periods at different directions of trees were gathered.After liquid nitrogen treatment,the contents of endogenous hormones (GA3,IAA,ABA,and ZT) in the seeds and flowers were determined by HPLC.[Result] The content of IAA in fertile flowers of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge was 59 ％-262 ％ higher than in sterile flowers during the whole florescence stage.Before the full-bloom stage,the content of GA3 in sterile flowers was 63％-215％ higher than in fertile flowers and after that the contents of GA3 and ZT in fertile flowers were 12％-19％ and 31％-69％ higher than in sterile flowers.During the whole florescence,the content of ABA in sterile flowers continuously elevated and that in fertile flowers showed a trend of increasing first followed by decreasing.During fruit growth period of Xanthoceras sorbifolium Bunge,the contents of GA3,ABA and ZT increased first and then decreased before keeping high in the rapid growth period.The contents of ABA and ZT reached the maximums of 1 047.754 and 992.328 ng/g 30 days after flowering.The content of GA3 reached the maximum of 1 923.020 ng/g 40 days after flowering.The content of IAA showed "M" shape trend with the first peak at 20 days after flowering and the second peak at 50 days after flowering.[Conclusion] The balance between ABA and IAA affected flowering and falling processes.ABA and ZT affected the fruit expansion growth while GA3,IAA and ABA affected young fruit drop.%[目的]研究文冠果花期和果期内源激素的动态变化特点,分析内源激素对其开花、坐果等过程的调控机制,为外源激素喷施等增产措施的制定提供理论依据.[方法]以4年生文冠果植株为试验材料,分别于花期(花序伸长期、初花期、盛花期、末花期)和果期(果实膨大期到成熟期)从树体的东、西、南、北4个方向采集花朵和果实鲜样,经液氮处理后,采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定不同时期内可孕花、不孕花及果实种子中的内源激素赤霉素(GA3)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)、脱落酸(ABA)和玉米核苷素(ZT)的含量.[结果]花期内,文冠果可孕花中的IAA含量始终显著高于不孕花59％～262％;盛花期前,不孕花中GA3含量显著高出可孕花63％～215％;盛花期后,可孕花中GA3及ZT含量分别显著高于不孕花12％～19％和31％～69％;整个花期内,不孕花中ABA含量持续升高,可孕花中ABA含量呈先上升后下降的趋势.果期内,GA3、ABA、ZT含量均随着文冠果果实的发育呈先上升后下降的趋势,且在果实膨大期保持较高水平,其中ABA和ZT含量在盛花期后30 d达到最大值,分别为1 047.754和992.328ng/g,GA3含量则在盛花期后40 d达到最大值1 923.020 ng/g;IAA含量表现为“M”型动态变化,2次峰值分别出现在盛花期后20 d和50 d.[结论]ABA与IAA的平衡关系影响着文冠果的开花与落花进程;ABA与ZT共同影响文冠果果实的膨大生长;幼果期的落果现象受GA3、IAA和ABA的共同影响.
