摘要：
为提高CRT含铅玻璃中铅的浸出率,研究了不同样品在氢氧化钠溶液体系中铅的浸出率变化,考察了二氧化硅、还原性铁粉等不同添加剂在机械活化过程中的作用.研究结果表明,添加二氧化硅等物质,并不能改变CRT玻璃的非晶状态,但能起到分散作用,降低样品粒径,提高铅浸出率;还原性铁粉在机械活化中能起分散作用和降低键能的作用,且在浸出过程中有微量置换作用,从而大幅度提高铅浸出率;水是良好的分散剂,湿磨过程中,粉末会与不锈钢球磨罐中的铁发生反应,使铅浸出率显著提高.不添加任何物质机械活化的样品金属铅浸出率仅为40.86%,添加15%铁粉机械活化或湿磨处理后的样品,在4 mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液中反应3 h,铅浸出率可达85%以上.%In order to improve the leaching rate of lead from cathode-ray tube ( CRT) funnel glass, researches were conducted on the efficiency of lead extraction from different samples in sodium hydroxide solution, and effects of different additives, such as silicon dioxide and reductive iron powder, on mechanical activation process. Results indicated that an addition of silicon dioxide didn′t change the amorphous state of CRT glass, but improved lead leaching rate due to its dispersion effect and the reduction in the particle size of sample. The iron powder for reduction was helpful to reduce the bond energy and led to micro replacement reaction during the leaching process, resulting in the lead leaching rate greatly increased. During the wet grinding process, with water as a good disperser, the powdered material reacted with iron of stainless steel ball in the ball mill, also resulting in an increase in the lead leaching rate. It is shown the leaching rate of lead from samples without any additives after mechanical activation was only around 40.84%. However, after mechanical activation with an addition of 15% iron powder or wet grinding treatment for the sample, the reaction in 4 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution for 3 h resulted in the lead leaching rate exceeding 85%.
