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扩散参数

扩散参数的相关文献在1984年到2022年内共计98篇,主要集中在环境科学基础理论、大气科学(气象学)、环境污染及其防治 等领域,其中期刊论文82篇、会议论文11篇、专利文献94585篇;相关期刊60种,包括兰州大学学报(自然科学版)、气象与环境学报、气象学报等; 相关会议10种,包括中国核学会2009年学术年会、2006年公路隧道运营管理与安全国际学术会议、第十一届全国大气环境学术会议等;扩散参数的相关文献由211位作者贡献,包括胡二邦、谷清、闫江雨等。

扩散参数—发文量

期刊论文>

论文:82 占比:0.09%

会议论文>

论文:11 占比:0.01%

专利文献>

论文:94585 占比:99.90%

总计:94678篇

扩散参数—发文趋势图

扩散参数

-研究学者

  • 胡二邦
  • 谷清
  • 闫江雨
  • 杨洪斌
  • 姚仁太
  • 张永义
  • 张茂栓
  • 王守恕
  • 王寒
  • 辛存田
  • 期刊论文
  • 会议论文
  • 专利文献

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    • 杨宗甄; 鲍昕杰; 陶乃贵; 张晓峰
    • 摘要: 利用WRF数值模式和CALPUFF扩散模式相结合的技术手段分析研究某沿海厂址大气扩散参数,并通过现场示踪试验验证了数值模式模拟结果的可靠性和模拟方法的适用性。结果表明,CALPUFF扩散模式无论从扩散因子数量值还是分布范围上,与现场示踪试验结果均能保持较好的一致性,CALPUFF扩散模拟结果能较好地反映当地大气扩散实际特征。通过与P-G和IAEA扩散参数比对得出,CALPUFF数值模式结果确定的厂址大气扩散参数符合大气扩散特征的一般规律;在考虑厂址实际下垫面和流场特征情况下,CALPUFF数值模式确定的扩散参数整体较P-G扩散参数偏大,其扩散参数值能较真实地反映该地区气载污染物的扩散能力。
    • 柳宁远; 崔村燕; 辛腾达; 栾骁
    • 摘要: 为了实现对有毒推进剂泄漏扩散浓度的快速估算,对液体推进剂偏二甲肼在发射场泄漏蒸发扩散的实际情况进行理论分析,建立扩散模型,并从泄漏源、沉积效应、地面反射、大气稳定度等方面对扩散模型进行完善;应用数值模拟方法进行仿真,将数值模拟结果与实验数据、理论计算结果进行对比分析.研究结果表明:气体扩散模型与数值模拟及实验结果基本一致,但扩散模型计算结果偏小,这是由于推进剂进行了燃烧和氧化反应,扩散区域温度上升,大气稳定度降低,实际浓度更大.%To realize the rapid estimation on the leakage diffusion concentration of the toxic propellant,the theoretical analysis on the actual situation about the leakage,evaporation and diffusion of the liquid propellant UDMH in the space launch site was carried out.A diffusion model was established and perfected from the aspects of leakage source, deposition effect, ground reflection and atmospheric stability etc., then the simulation was conducted by using the numerical simulation method,and the results of numerical simulation were compared with the experimental data and the results of theoretical calculation.It showed that the results of gas diffusion model were basically consistent with those of numerical simulation and experiments,but the calculation results of the diffusion model were smaller.The reason was that the combustion and oxidation reaction of the propellant caused the increase of the temperature in the diffusion area,and the atmospheric stability decreased,so the actual concentration was larger.
    • 郭瑞萍; 杨春林; 张琼; 张春明
    • 摘要: 介绍了核电厂事故后果评价影响因素模拟分析方法,以某内陆核电厂址为研究对象,应用核电厂事故后果计算程序模拟了不同扩散参数和源项变化情景下核电厂事故短期大气弥散因子和有效剂量对其响应特征.结果表明,水平扩散参数情景下短期大气弥散因子的最大值发生频率相对于垂直扩散参数情景较低,有效剂量最大值发生频率源项情景远高于扩散参数情景,有效剂量对扩散参数的响应程度要比对源项变化的响应程度要高.多种因子对核电厂核素大气扩散特征的综合效应还需进一步研究.%Simulation analysis method about the effect of impact factor on accident consequence assessment of nuclear power plant is presented in this study.Taking an inland nuclear power plant site as the research region, the accident consequence assessment model is applied to simulate the response characters of accident atmos -phere dispersion factor and effective dose of nuclear power plant to diffusion characters and source term change. Results show that the happen frequency of maximum atmosphere dispersion factor under horizontal diffusion sce -nario is lower than that under vertical diffusion scenario.The happen frequency of maximum effective dose un-der source term change scenario is higher than that under diffusion parameter change scenario,but the effect of diffusion parameter on effective dose is higher than that of source term change.The complex effect of multi im-pact factors on atmosphere dispersion of radionuclide of nuclear power plant need to be studied in further re -search.
    • 冯晓波
    • 摘要: 为了解决混凝土因干缩导致的开裂,需分析计算混凝土内部湿度情况。根据室内试验实测的湿度值,运用遗传算法和粒子群算法对混凝土试块湿度场进行反演计算,得到反映混凝土湿度扩散性能的参数。利用这些参数和三维有限元仿真计算程序对湿度场进行分析,将计算值和实测值进行对比得知二者变化规律一致,但粒子群算法相比而言减少计算时间且计算精度较高,可用于指导施工。
    • 李婷苑; 范绍佳; 邓雪娇; 蒋德海; 戴光丰; 张旭斌
    • 摘要: 利用2010年11月—2011年11月广州地区PM2.5逐时监测资料以及GRAPES模式计算的四种大气输送扩散参数预报值,分析评估模式描述四种大气输送扩散参数的性能及其预报广州地区PM2.5浓度的可行性,结果表明:GRAPES模式不同时刻起报的地面通风系数、平均通风系数和湍流动能的预报稳定性与一致性较好,而垂直交换系数相对较差。垂直交换系数、地面通风系数、平均通风系数和湍流动能的量级分别为101、103、103和10-1~100。PM2.5浓度与大气输送扩散参数呈显著负相关,其中PM2.5与14时起报的垂直交换系数相关性最好。使用临界成功指数CSI对PM2.5浓度进行预报检验,得到垂直交换系数对PM2.5的预报稳定性较好,垂直交换系数能大概判别PM2.5为"污染"与"清洁"情况,临界成功指数部分可达70%。垂直交换系数与PM2.5浓度存在显著的超前滞后相关,预报PM2.5浓度是否为"污染"与"清洁"可同时参考原序列及滞后序列的预报效果。
    • 孙海燕; 骆科盛; 刘春明
    • 摘要: 利用2006年冬季在贵州省开阳县进行的高精度系留气艇高空探测及超声脉动风速仪试验资料,分析了开阳县大气边界层风温场的结构特征。整理结果显示:(1)开阳县400m以下空间平均温度基本上随高度递减,400~1400m之间等温层和逆温层出现频率较高;(2)复杂地形的山区边界层内风向随高度变化复杂,风速廓线一般遵循随高度递增的规律,1000m至边界层顶风速有逐渐减小的趋势;(3)该地区山谷风环流非常明显,这一环流随气层不稳定程度的增加而递增,至探测日22时达到最大。
    • 秦超; 王德忠; 马元巍; 于文丹; 方栋
    • 摘要: In order to simulate the process of plume under neutral atmospheric stability in nuclear power plant, the method of CFD numerical simulation was applied. The line wall function of wind and temperature gradient was used to describe the atmospheric stability. Compared the analysis result of CFD numerical simulation with classic analysis theory, the law of plume elevating, concentration distribution in the space and diffusion parameters, which could validate the effectiveness of numerical simulation model were analyzed. The results are in accordance with the classic analysis theory result, and CFD numerical simulation can be used to solve the smoke plume diffusion problem in nuclear power plant.%采用CFD方法建立核电厂烟羽大气弥散模型,计算中性大气层结条件下烟羽分布.该模型采用垂直风速廓线表征的速度和温度梯度方式分类大气稳定度,将烟羽弥散模拟计算结果与经典解析理论计算结果进行对比,分析烟羽弥散CFD计算结果的抬升规律、烟羽空间浓度分布和扩散参数,对模型进行有效性分析.所得结果与经典解析结论基本一致.研究表明,该烟羽大气弥散模型可用于核电厂烟羽大气弥散过程的研究.
    • 张东亮; 彭建堂; 胡瑞忠; 袁顺达
    • 摘要: 矿物中的微量元素在地质环境下能否保持有效封闭,主要取决于其扩散性质,而稀土元素(REE)是探讨地质作用过程及其物理化学条件等重要的示踪剂,查明其在不同矿物中的扩散行为对于地学研究具有重要意义.本文通过分析矿物晶格结构和离子类型对元素扩散行为的制约规律,探讨了REE在不同矿物中的扩散迁移在此基础上,利用多元统计分析方法得出扩散参数与扩散体系不同晶体化学参数之间的关系方程,建立了计算1atm、无水环境下REE在不同矿物中扩散参数的多变量模型,由此模型预测的REE在不同矿物中的扩散参数E和lnD0的值,与实验测定结果在实验误差范围内具有很好的一致性.与以往的预测模型相比,多变量模型能更全面地反映扩散体系晶体化学因素对扩散速率的制约.此外本研究结果显示,REE在矿物晶格中扩散作用的主要影响因素是阳离子,而非当前认为的阴离子.%During geological process, whether the trace elements could be effectively closed in minerals, depends on its diffusion behaviors. Rare earth elements are important geochemical tracers for understanding geological processes and their physical-chemical conditions. Therefore, it is important to investigate the REEs diffusion behaviors in different minerals. In this paper, we conducted a preliminary theoretical study on the REE migration in various minerals based on analyzing the constraint of crystal lattice configuration and ion type on elements diffusion, and a multivariate model was proposed for predicating diffusive parameters of REE in minerals under a dry,1-atm condition. E and lnD0 data calculated in this paper using the multivariate model are in a good agreement with previous experimental data. Compared with the previous prediction models, the multivariate model proposed in this paper can comprehensively reflect the influences of various crystal chemical factors in diffusive system. In addition, it is revealed that the most important controlling factor of REE diffusion in mineral lattice is those cations rather than the anion as previously considered.
    • 林金彪; 敖银银; 秦幼文
    • 摘要: 分析2005年1月兰州市西固区脉动风速的测量数据,通过计算得到水平扩散参数(σy)和垂直扩散参数(σz),并与P-G、Briggs扩散曲线得到的扩散参数进行比较。结果表明:在稳定条件或不稳定条件下,用P-G模式及Bfiggs方法计算的结果都小于用风速脉动资料确定的结果。
    • 刘希
    • 摘要: The paper discussed the selection of forecast patterns and parameters for normal discharge of chemical tank farm atmospheric environmental impact assessment and environmental risk consequence assessment, and the making of environmental monitoring plan. The ullage of chemical tank big/small breathing should take non-point sources forecast model, which is more accord with the fugitive emission of chemical tank. In environmental risk consequence assessment, we should pay attention to the different diffusion parameters of chemical liquid leak and evaporation forecast and CC、SO2 diffusion forecast in conflagration accident,which will result in different outcome. P-C atmospheric diffusion parameter is more suitable for chemical liquid leak and evaporation forecast,while IAEA atmospheric diffusion parameter is more suitable for forecast CC、S02 in conflagration accident. In environmental risk consequence assessment,the weather condition of forecast model should take the joint frequency of anemorumbometer and degree of stability into account.%就化工罐区大气环境影响评价中储罐正常排放时预测模式的选取、风险事故后果评价预测模式和参数的选取、环境监测计划的制定等技术问题进行了探讨.储罐大小呼吸损耗应采用面源模式进行预测更符合罐区无组织低矮源排放的实际情况.在风险事故后果评价中,泄漏蒸发和火灾事故中C0、SO2等伴生污染物的扩散模拟所选取的扩散参数的不同将导致预测结果存在差异应引起评价人员足够的重视,研究认为P-G扩散参数适用于预测液化产品的泄漏蒸发,IAEA扩散参数适用于预测火灾事故中C0、SO2等伴生污染物的扩散模拟.事故后果评价中气象条件通常设定时应以当地多年的风向风速稳定度联合频率做为依据.
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