摘要:
为提高橡胶[Hevea brasiliensis(Willd.ex A.Juss.)Muell.Arg.]子粒综合利用水平,研制高效率的橡胶籽粒脱壳装置,对橡胶子粒的三维几何尺寸﹑质量﹑密度﹑破碎力﹑静摩擦系数等物理特性进行了测定. 结果表明,橡胶子粒的几何平均直径和算术平均直径都随着子粒含水率的增加而减小,当含水率达到35.4%时出现最小平均直径, 分别为20.883﹑20.633 mm; 橡胶子粒的球度随着含水率的增大从0.850增大到0.868,呈现出较好的线性关系;而表面积与含水率却是出现先减小﹑后增大的变化,当含水率为35.4%时,表面积出现最小值;橡胶子粒的单粒重﹑体积和密度与含水率均呈明显的线性关系,都随含水率的增大而增大; 橡胶子粒在钢板和木板上的静摩擦系数变化范围分别为0.254~0.331﹑0.222~0.417,且均呈明显的线性增长;橡胶子粒在不同方向的破碎力与含水率的关系有所不同,长度方向和厚度方向的破碎力随含水率升高呈线性下降趋势,宽度方向则先减小﹑后增大. 该研究结果可为橡胶子粒脱壳﹑榨油﹑分离等相关机械的设计生产提供基础数据,并可为橡胶子物理特性研究提供原始的参数.%To improve the comprehensive utilization of rubber seed and manufacture high effective hull devices, several phys-ical properties of rubber [Hevea brasiliensis(Willd.ex A.Juss.)Muell.Arg.] seed including, geometrical size, different diam-eter, density, hull thickness, ruptures force, static coefficients of friction and etc.were evaluated.The results showed that the arithmetic and geometric diameter decreased with the increase of moisture content and was the minimum (20.883, 20.633mm, respectively) when moisture content was 35.4%.The sphericity increased from 0.850 to 0.868 with the increase of moisture content, showing a obvious linear relationship.The surface area decreased to the minimum at the moisture content 35.4%, then increased with the moisture content increasing.Mass, volume and density all show obvious positive linear rela-tionship with moisture content.The static coefficients of friction on steel plate and wood plate surface all increased linearly with the increase of moisture content, ranging from 0.254 to 0.331 and 0.222 to 0.417, respectively.Referring to rupture force, it decreased linearly in length and thickness; but the width decreased first then nonlinearly increased.The results could provide reasonable and reliable data support for the design and production of rubber-seed-relative machines such as huller, oil press and sorting machine, and offer original data reference for relative studies.