TEA

摘要： Gray blight disease(GBD)causes significant losses in tea production in China.Although genes and biological processes involved in resistance to fungal disease in tea plants have been identified,specific mechanisms of the GBD infection process remain unknown.In this study,morphological and multi-gene(TEF-TUB-ITS)phylogenetic characteristics were used to identify isolate CLBB1 of Pseudopestalotiopsis vietnamensis.Pathogenicity tests confirmed that isolate CLBB1 from tea leaves caused GBD in the susceptible tea cultivar Wuyi Rock(Camellia sinensis var.sinensis cv.Shuixian).Spores began to germinate 24 h after infection(hai),and after 48 h,elongated fungal hyphae formed from a single conidium.Transcriptome analysis revealed that 482,517,and 369 genes were differentially expressed at 24,48,and 72 hai,respectively,in Wuyi Rock tea leaves.Isolate CLBB1 infection elicited phenotype-related responses and activated defense-related pathways,including plant–pathogen interaction,MAPK signaling,and plant hormone signal transduction,suggesting a possible mechanism underlying phenotype-based susceptibility to CLBB1.Thus,a new Ps.vietnamensis strain causing GBD in the tea cultivar‘Shuixian’was discovered in this study.Transcriptome analysis indicated that pathogen invasion activated chitin-related MAPK pathways and that tea plants required a hormone to restrict CLBB1.

摘要： The effect of Fuzhuan brick tea(FBT)on metabolism in obese mice is mediated by regulation of N-methyltransferase by aryl hydrocarbon receptor.The expression of the phosphatidylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene is regulated by many transcription factors,and those specific to this effect need further investigation.Experimental animal studies have been designed to observe the effects of a single drug or the sequential effects of drugs.A washout period should be included if different drugs(e.g.,antibiotics and FBT)are given to avoid or reduce additive effects or synergy.Currently,most experimental studies performed in mice used only male animals.However,experience has revealed that the results of using only male mice are very likely to have sex differences.

摘要： One Cup,A Thousand Stories Length:6 episodes 52 Minutes per episode Produced by BBC Studios Tea is one of the greatest gifts that China has given to the world.The visually stunning six-episode documentary One Cup,A Thousand Stories filmed and produced by BBC Studios tells the stories of the hot drink that has changed the world in surprising ways and seeks to understand what lies behind people’s timeless love of tea.Over the past three years,the film crew traveled to 13 countries and regions across six continents,from high mountains to wild coasts,allowing people to tell their own fascinating tales and present to the audience the important role and far-reaching impact of tea culture in the evolution of Chinese and even global civilizations.Through their lens,the audience will discover what has made tea a key part of human history,and then peer into the future to see how tea is evolving in an ever-changing world.

摘要： Tea is a widespread functional plant resource.Phytochemicals such as tea polyphenols(TP)can interact with the intestinal flora and participate in regulating the expression and rhythm of biological clock genes.Circadian rhythm controls a variety of behaviors and physiological processes,and circadian misalignment has been found to be closely related to multiple metabolic diseases.Interestingly,the gut microbiota also has diurnal fluctuations,which can be affected by diet composition and feeding rhythm,and play a role in maintaining the host’s circadian rhythm.The two-way relationship between the host’s circadian rhythm and intestinal microbiota confirms the possibility that prebiotics or probiotic can be used to adjust the intestinal environment and microbiome composition to improve the host health.This article reviews the relationship between the host’s circadian rhythm and microbiota and its influence on metabolic diseases.The beneficial effects of the interaction between TP and gut microbiota on diseases related to rhythm disorders are emphasized to improve the theories of disease prevention and treatment.

摘要： A rapid method was presented for the determination of 19 polyphenols in tea by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF MS).Tea samples were extracted by 50%(V/V)ethanol,then separated by Waters Acquity BEH C18 column using a binary solvent system composed of acetonitrile and water(0.1%formic acid)by gradient elution.The analytes were determined by Q-TOF MS in TOF MS and information dependent acquisition(IDA)-MS/MS mode.The results showed that mass accuracy error of the 19 polyphenols were lower than 5.0×10^(-6),good linear relationship was got in range of 0.2–500μg/L and correlation coefficient was higher than 0.9990.The LOD was in the range of 0.002–0.100 mg/kg and the LOQ was in the range of 0.004–0.200 mg/kg.Recovery of the method was in range of 78.4%–109.2%with spike levels of 0.004–2.000 mg/kg,relative standard deviations were lower than 10%.The method was simple,rapid and accurate.It could be used for the rapid screening and quantitative analysis of 19 polyphenols in tea.

摘要： Tea as the most consumed beverage in the world has received enormous attention for its promoting health benefits.The deleterious effect ofα-dicarbonyls and AGEs formed in Maillard reaction is also a longterm challenge.The connection between the two topics was the main aim of this review,to address and update the antiglycation effect and mechanism of tea and tea polyphenols.By analyzing recent publications,we have covered across chemistry models,cell lines and animal studies.Tea polyphenols,particularly catechins,showed outstanding antiglycation effect by trappingα-dicarbonyl compounds and impeding AGEs formation.Reduction of carbonyl stress brought alleviation to aging,diabetes,and collagen related diseases or complications through regulation of RAGE expression and subsequent MAPK and TGF-βpathway.Therefore,tea polyphenols can serve as promising natural candidates in the treatment and/or prevention of nephropathy,retinopathy,hepatopathy,hyperglycemia and obesity among others,by their potent antiglycation effect.Further studies need to address on aspects like exact mechanisms,solution of detection obstacles,balance of practical usage and harmful effects such as potential flavor damage and toxicity in food,to gain a comprehensive understanding of antiglycation activities of tea polyphenols and its actual application.

摘要： The available evidence,which derives from studies investigating mechanistic effects of tea,research on animal models as well as epidemiological studies and intervention trials in humans,suggests that compounds contained in tea may have the potential to aid in the prevention of depression or in its treatment as an addition to established therapies.A wide range of potentially antidepressive biological activities of tea components have been reported.However,the mechanisms of tea phytochemicals possibly capable of decreasing the risk of depressive symptoms are complex,multifaceted and not well understood.Potent pharmacological effects on circumscribed neurobiological systems may be produced not by individual tea components but rather by the synergistic action of various compounds on multiple pathophysiological mechanisms involved in depression.While epidemiological studies have generally demonstrated beneficial effects of tea consumption on mood and depressive symptoms,cross-sectional studies are unable to prove a cause-effect relationship.If positive effects on mood could be firmly established,tea drinking could support mental health.However,the moderate antidepressive effects observed in healthy people are not necessarily indicative of possible clinical effects in major depressive disorder.Randomized controlled intervention studies are needed to establish a causal relationship between bioactive compounds in tea and depression.

摘要： The properties of raw wild rice were investigated to produce a functional tea,and the value of this tea was evaluated.The highest antioxidant activity[80.5%2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)radical scavenging activity]was achieved when the raw wild-rice grass was roasted at 225°Cfor 3 min.

摘要： Tea plants are sensitive to soil moisture deficit,with the level of soil water being a critical factor affecting their growth and quality.Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)can improve water and nutrient absorption,but it is not clear whether AMF can improve the photosynthetic characteristics of tea plants.A potted study was conducted to determine the effects of Claroideoglomus etunicatum on plant growth,leaf water status,pigment content,gas exchange,and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in Camellia sinensis cv.Fuding Dabaicha under well-watered(WW)and drought stress(DS)conditions.Root mycorrhizal colonization and soil hyphal length were significantly reduced by the eightweek DS treatment.AMF inoculation displayed a significant increase in shoot and root biomass production.The relative water content,leaf water potential,nitrogen balance index,pigment content,maximum photometric effect(Fv/Fm,QY_max),and steady-state photometric effect Y(II)(QY_Lss)decreased dramatically,while the leaf water saturation deficit and steady-state non-photochemical fluorescence quenching(NPQ_Lss)generally increased under DS conditions.Mycorrhizal treatment induced significantly higher relative water content,leaf water potential,nitrogen balance index,pigment(chlorophyll,flavonoid,and anthocyanin)content,net photosynthesis rate,transpiration rate,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO_(2)concentration,QY_max,and QY_Lss;however,it resulted in a lower leaf water saturation deficit and NPQ_Lss under both WW and DS conditions,as compared with nonmycorrhizal plants.These results imply that AMF promoted tea plant growth and alleviated negative effects of DS by promoting gas exchange,regulating the water status of leaves,and regulating photosynthetic parameters.

摘要： The findings of various epidemiological studies,interventions using randomized controlled trials and mechanistic experiments have suggested a protective role of tea and its bioactive components in cardiovascular health.The potential of tea in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases(CVDs)has therefore attracted increasing research interest.Polyphenols,in particular flavonoids,found in both green and black tea,have been suggested to play a primary role in the reduction of CVD risk.While promising results regarding the effects of tea on blood pressure and other CVD-related biomarkers have been found in preclinical experiments,the effects demonstrated in human studies are modest and less satisfactory.This discrepancy may be explained,at least in part,by different research strategies used in human and animal research.However,since tea is globally one of the most commonly consumed beverages,even small beneficial effects in humans may shift the population distribution of CVD risk,with major implications for public health.However,research conducted to date does not yield sufficiently robust evidence to allow a recommendation as to an optimal level of tea consumption as an element of health policies seeking to prevent hypertension and improve cardiovascular health.

摘要： 本文通过对四种快速调谐机构的对比和研究,提出了一种计算机控制下扫描振镜加固定光栅的TEACO2激光器快速调谐机构.实验得到了静态扫描激光谱线的输出,并且达到了分辨CO2激光相邻两支谱线的要求,对于进一步进行快速调谐具有很大意义.

摘要： 本文通过对四种快速调谐机构的对比和研究,提出了一种计算机控制下扫描振镜加固定光栅的TEACO2激光器快速调谐机构.实验得到了静态扫描激光谱线的输出,并且达到了分辨CO2激光相邻两支谱线的要求,对于进一步进行快速调谐具有很大意义.

摘要： 本文通过对四种快速调谐机构的对比和研究,提出了一种计算机控制下扫描振镜加固定光栅的TEACO2激光器快速调谐机构.实验得到了静态扫描激光谱线的输出,并且达到了分辨CO2激光相邻两支谱线的要求,对于进一步进行快速调谐具有很大意义.

摘要： 本文通过对四种快速调谐机构的对比和研究,提出了一种计算机控制下扫描振镜加固定光栅的TEACO2激光器快速调谐机构.实验得到了静态扫描激光谱线的输出,并且达到了分辨CO2激光相邻两支谱线的要求,对于进一步进行快速调谐具有很大意义.

摘要： 本文通过对四种快速调谐机构的对比和研究,提出了一种计算机控制下扫描振镜加固定光栅的TEACO2激光器快速调谐机构.实验得到了静态扫描激光谱线的输出,并且达到了分辨CO2激光相邻两支谱线的要求,对于进一步进行快速调谐具有很大意义.

摘要： 高重复频率可调谐TEA CO2激光器在激光化学、激光雷达、光泵远红外研究等领域有着十分广泛的应用前景。本文中，分别研究了注入锁定、低锐度F-P 耦合、光栅选线等三种调谐方法。采用光栅谐振腔，实现了平均功率千瓦级的高重复频率TEA CO2激光调谐输出。激光器输出10P(20)、10R(20)、9P(20)、9R(20)线的脉冲能量分别为5.8J、5.8J、5.5J、5.6J，重复频率200Hz。

摘要： 高重复频率可调谐TEA CO2激光器在激光化学、激光雷达、光泵远红外研究等领域有着十分广泛的应用前景。本文中，分别研究了注入锁定、低锐度F-P 耦合、光栅选线等三种调谐方法。采用光栅谐振腔，实现了平均功率千瓦级的高重复频率TEA CO2激光调谐输出。激光器输出10P(20)、10R(20)、9P(20)、9R(20)线的脉冲能量分别为5.8J、5.8J、5.5J、5.6J，重复频率200Hz。

摘要： 高重复频率可调谐TEA CO2激光器在激光化学、激光雷达、光泵远红外研究等领域有着十分广泛的应用前景。本文中，分别研究了注入锁定、低锐度F-P 耦合、光栅选线等三种调谐方法。采用光栅谐振腔，实现了平均功率千瓦级的高重复频率TEA CO2激光调谐输出。激光器输出10P(20)、10R(20)、9P(20)、9R(20)线的脉冲能量分别为5.8J、5.8J、5.5J、5.6J，重复频率200Hz。

摘要： 高重复频率可调谐TEA CO2激光器在激光化学、激光雷达、光泵远红外研究等领域有着十分广泛的应用前景。本文中，分别研究了注入锁定、低锐度F-P 耦合、光栅选线等三种调谐方法。采用光栅谐振腔，实现了平均功率千瓦级的高重复频率TEA CO2激光调谐输出。激光器输出10P(20)、10R(20)、9P(20)、9R(20)线的脉冲能量分别为5.8J、5.8J、5.5J、5.6J，重复频率200Hz。

摘要： 高重复频率可调谐TEA CO2激光器在激光化学、激光雷达、光泵远红外研究等领域有着十分广泛的应用前景。本文中，分别研究了注入锁定、低锐度F-P 耦合、光栅选线等三种调谐方法。采用光栅谐振腔，实现了平均功率千瓦级的高重复频率TEA CO2激光调谐输出。激光器输出10P(20)、10R(20)、9P(20)、9R(20)线的脉冲能量分别为5.8J、5.8J、5.5J、5.6J，重复频率200Hz。

摘要： 高功率TEA气体激光器环形谐振激光腔，属于TEA气体激光器技术领域。该环形谐振激光腔包括：激光输出镜、激光反射镜、四个储能放电腔模块、三个直角转镜、壳体、上、导流板、下导流板、轴流压气机、板翅换热器。其中，四个储能放电腔模块是相同结构并可完全互换，分别安装在一个方形壳体的四边，保证四个储能放电模块中的放电电极互相垂直，放电电极间距相同，电极的轴心与谐振腔光轴重合；通过固定法兰与激光器壳体固定和密封，激光器壳体的一个角的两边安装有激光输出镜和激光反射镜，其它三个角分别安装转镜，形成一个环形的放电、谐振、激光放大输出的激光腔。本发明具有放电激励体积大，输出功率高，光束质量好，设备体积小和维护简单方便等优点。

摘要： 提供了一种织物柔软剂组合物，其包括高单烷基MDEA和TEA酯季铵盐的掺混物。该织物柔软剂组合物包括掺混物，该掺混物包括占总掺混物约15-约65重量%的三乙醇胺酯季铵盐和占总掺混物约35-约85重量%的单烷基酯季铵盐，所述甲基二乙醇胺酯季铵盐具有约10%或更高含量的单烷基酯季铵盐。

摘要： 本发明公开一种基于磁分离和金酶免疫复合物检测TeA含量的方法，基于金纳米表面同时负载辣根过氧化物酶（HRP）和抗TeA抗体构建金粒子‑抗体/HRP纳米复合物，即金酶免疫复合物；将TeA包被原（半抗原‑OVA）通过EDC/NHS方法固定于羧基化纳米磁珠表面，构建功能化磁纳米粒子探针并包被于酶标孔内，其上的半抗原‑OVA与样品中的TeA直接竞争结合金酶免疫复合物表面的抗TeA抗体；利用底物显色反应检测吸光值变化来定量分析样品中TeA含量。综合利用纳米磁珠快速分离富集目标物的优点、金纳米粒子大比表面积增加HRP负载量以及金纳米粒子的类酶活性对底物的双重催化增敏效应，建立了磁珠分离和金酶免疫复合物信号增敏检测方法，用于TeA含量的快速检测。

摘要： 在不与具有纯剪切的DEA 99％的TEA 99产物流共混的情况下，在反应性蒸馏过程中由三乙醇胺蒸馏塔生产具有按重量计85％的纯度的三乙醇胺产物流的系统和方法。期望的三乙醇胺产物流可以包含85％ TEA和15％ DEA，并且可以通过使用三乙醇胺塔中的虚拟流经由(1)增加二乙醇胺塔的底部流流速，和/或(2)减少三乙醇胺塔中的TEA 99产物流生成。可以将二乙醇胺塔处的底部流流速增加80千克每小时，并且可以将三乙醇胺产物流流速降低500千克每小时。该过程可以导致三乙醇胺塔中的温度降低高达23度，其可以改善三乙醇胺产物的颜色特性。

摘要： 高功率TEA气体激光器环形谐振激光腔，属于TEA气体激光器技术领域。该环形谐振激光腔包括：激光输出镜、激光反射镜、四个储能放电腔模块、三个直角转镜、壳体、上、导流板、下导流板、轴流压气机、板翅换热器。其中，四个储能放电腔模块是相同结构并可完全互换，分别安装在一个方形壳体的四边，保证四个储能放电模块中的放电电极互相垂直，放电电极间距相同，电极的轴心与谐振腔光轴重合；通过固定法兰与激光器壳体固定和密封，激光器壳体的一个角的两边安装有激光输出镜和激光反射镜，其它三个角分别安装转镜，形成一个环形的放电、谐振、激光放大输出的激光腔。本发明具有放电激励体积大，输出功率高，光束质量好，设备体积小和维护简单方便等优点。

摘要： 提供了一种织物柔软剂组合物，其包括高单烷基MDEA和TEA酯季铵盐的掺混物。该织物柔软剂组合物包括掺混物，该掺混物包括占总掺混物约15－约65重量％的三乙醇胺酯季铵盐和占总掺混物约35－约85重量％的单烷基酯季铵盐，所述甲基二乙醇胺酯季铵盐具有约10％或更高含量的单烷基酯季铵盐。

摘要： 本实用新型公开了基于TEA2025B的音频电路，涉及电力电子技术领域，包括电源模块，用于提供电能；音频输入模块，用于提供音频信号并进行滤波处理；输入选择模块，用于选择输入通路；集成功率放大模块，用于进行功率放大处理；模式选择模块，用于选择播放模式；第一音频模块和第二音频模块，用于配合进行双声道播放；第一音频模块，用于进行单声道播放。本实用新型基于TEA2025B的音频电路采用TEA2025B集成电路对输入的音频信号进行处理，实现左右双通声道工作，并在无需扩展集成电路的情况下，根据使用者所需可切换至重低音单通声道进行放音，提高音频电路的功能性，减少音频电路所需的元器件，降低电路的体积和成本。

摘要： 本实用新型公开了一种基于TEA1791A的同步整流功率拓展电路，包括第一图腾柱电路、第二图腾柱电路、第一TEA1791A芯片、第二TEA1791A芯片和功率电路，所述驱动电路包括MOS管V9、MOS管V7、MOS管V8和MOS管V60、MOS管V10、MOS管V11、MOS管V6和MOS管V12，所述第一图腾柱电路包括电阻R82、三极管V41和三极管V42，TEA1791A芯片的第4脚连接电阻R82；所述第二图腾柱电路包括电阻R81、三极管V38和三极管V13，TEA1791A芯片的第四脚连接电阻R81。本实用新型在TEA1791A的基础之上拓展驱动能力，使TEA1791A能正常的工作在3KW的通信电源同步整流电路中。

摘要： 本实用新型属于激光领域，主要用于改善TEA CO2激光器的性能；具体工作过程是在连接好的充电和放电回路中，首先在不打开放电开关的情况下对所有电容器都充满电从而储存了能量，然后将放电开关打开、这时储存的能量在瞬间就释放到激光气体中产生快速放电；本实用新型主要形状机结构特点是：将每个点火电容和电极独立起来，实现与主放电电极的脱离，每个点火电容连接一个电感以便在充电时形成充电回路和放电开关开启时产生反向高压而实现点火；主放电电容和点火电容直接与高压电源连接，这样就减小了主放电电容和极间分布电容，实现快速放电；这样的激光器有放电快的优点。

摘要： 本实用新型公开了一种扩展TEA1713芯片控制功率的电路，其包括整流桥，整流桥的负极输出端接地，还包括第一PFC支路、第二PFC支路和充电电容，所述第一PFC支路包括第一电感、第一二极管和第一MOS管，所述第二PFC支路包括第二电感、第二MOS管和第二二极管；第一MOS管的源极接地，第二MOS管的源极通过采样电阻接地；TEA1713芯片的驱动信号管脚分别与第一MOS管和第二MOS管的栅极连接，TEA1713芯片的电流检测管脚连接在采样电阻和第二MOS管的源极之间。本实用新型成功扩展了该TEA1713芯片的处理功率，从而扩展整个芯片的处理范围，扩展TEA1713芯片的应用范围。