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多聚体的相关文献在1990年到2023年内共计2988篇,主要集中在内科学、基础医学、药学 等领域,其中期刊论文80篇、会议论文1篇、专利文献602164篇;相关期刊69种,包括生命科学研究、生物化学与生物物理进展、生物技术通报等; 相关会议1种,包括首届国际医学影像学暨介入医学学术会议等;多聚体的相关文献由6600位作者贡献,包括胥传来、匡华、徐丽广等。

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多聚体

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    • 董帅; 郑红俊; 钟时
    • 摘要: 抗原肽结合的主要组织相容性复合物(pMHC)通过形成多聚体可有效提高结合到位于T细胞表面上的T细胞受体(TCR)的亲合力.自从20年前pMHC四聚体首次被用于抗原特异性T细胞检测以来,pMHC四聚体已成为免疫分析中最重要的检测工具之一.近年来pMHC多聚体在四聚体的基础上又取得了较大进展,更高价的pMHC多聚体被研制出来以提高免疫检测的灵敏度;可逆化的pMHC多聚体由于可以从T细胞表面解离而避免了对T细胞的功能损伤,也被发展用于抗原特异的T细胞分离.pMHC多聚体作为一类分子工具在抗原特异的T细胞分析和免疫治疗中具有重要作用,对它的充分了解和有效运用能帮助我们更好地进行科学和临床应用.%To overcome the intrinsic low affinity between peptide bound major histocompatibility complex(pMHC) and T cell receptors (TCRs) on T cell surface,pMHC can be multimerized to enhance its avidity to TCRs.Since 20 years ago pMHC tetramer was first applied in the detection of antigen specific T cells,it has become one of the most important immunoassay tools.Recently,pMHC multimers have been significantly improved over the original tetramer.pMHC multimers with higher valence have been produced in order to enhance detection sensitivity.Additionally,reversible pMHC multimers,which can be released from T cell surface to avoid potential damage to T cells,also have been applied in the isolation of antigen specific T cells.As a class of molecular tools,pMHC multimers play an important role in immunoassays and immunotherapies.A good knowledge and effective utilization of those tools will be greatly helpful in scientific and clinical applications.
    • 周卓超; 陈颖; 朱书仪; 沈雯琦; 周爱武
    • 摘要: α1-Antitrypsin (α1-AT) belongs to serine protease inhibitor (Serpin) superfamily and is the main protease inhibitor in human circulation. It can inhibit many proteases to protect tissues from digradation. The mutant Z (Glu342Lys) of α1-AT predisposes to the early onset of emphysema due to decreased functional α1-AT in the lung and to neonatal hepatitis due to accumulation of α1-AT polymers in the endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes, which disrupts the balance between protease and protease inhibitors. This paper reviews recent research progress on the pathogenic mechanism and the prognosis of α1-antitrypsin deficiency.%α1-抗胰蛋白酶(α1-AT)属于丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂家族(Serpin),是人血浆中最重要的蛋白酶抑制剂,能抑制多种蛋白酶,从而抑制组织的降解.经典的α1-AT缺乏症由Z突变(Glu342Lys)引起,该突变导致蛋白在肝细胞内形成多聚体并聚积,引起肝细胞损伤,同时由于血浆中该蛋白浓度的减少,破坏了蛋白酶与蛋白酶抑制剂之间的平衡,故可引起肺气肿和新生儿肝炎等疾病.该文主要从α1-AT的分子结构、基因多态性,及其相关疾病的治疗等方面概述Z突变所致的α1-AT缺乏症的致病机制和相关预后的研究进展.
    • 夏德菊; 谭亚军; 田霖; 王珣; 马霄; 肖詹蓉
    • 摘要: 目的:建立对破伤风类毒素原液进行质量分析的分子排阻色谱方法和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法。方法分别建立分子排阻色谱方法和聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳方法对破伤风类毒素原液单体和聚体含量进行分析,并对两种方法的关键影响因素及两种方法检测结果进行评价分析。结果以含1%异丙醇的 pH 7.0,0.2 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液为流动相,选取 TSK-GEL G3000SWxl色谱柱,可以对破伤风类毒素单体、二聚体和多聚体分离,经配套软件分析得到其三个组分的相对含量;选用实验室自配的10%浓度的分离胶对破伤风类毒素原液进行电泳后经 Image Lab软件分析可以对破伤风类毒素原液的单体和聚体进行纯度分析,两种方法检测结果具有可比性。结论建立的两种检测破伤风类毒素原液单体和聚体含量的方法能够对所含单体、二聚体和多聚体进行分离和定量,两种方法相辅相成,可以对生产的破伤风类毒素原液批间一致性进行监控和用于不同目的的破伤风类毒素质量情况进行监督。%Objective To establish size exclusion chromatography (SEC) method and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) method for quality analysis of tetanus toxoid (TT) bulk. Methods SEC method and SDS-PAGE method were established to analyze the monomer and polymer contents of tetanus toxoid, furthermore, the key factors and results of the two methods were evaluated. Results pH 7.0, 0.2 mol/L phosphate buffer containing 1% isopropanol was selected as the mobile phase and TSK-GEL G3000SWxl column, TT monomers, dimers and multimers were separated, and then the three components of TT were obtained by supporting software analysis. TT also were separated after electrophoresis by choosing 10% concentration of gel preparing by our own laboratory software. Conclusion The dimers and multimers of TT are separated and quantified by the established two methods, and the two methods complement each other. They are used to monitor the consistency of different batches of tetanus toxoid and supervise the quality of tetanus toxoid.
    • 侯靖威; 杜娟; 郑雯雯; 于晓方
    • 摘要: 作为新发现的抗病毒因子,SAMHD1蛋白是近年来分子生物学界研究的热点,但是其抗病毒作用机制尚不明确.已经报道的可能的抗病毒作用机制包括dNTP水解酶活性和T592位点的磷酸化状态.随着近两年来研究的不断发展,SAMHD1蛋白的RNA酶活性和维持基因组稳定性的重要作用相继被发现.与此同时,SAMHD1蛋白的多聚体结构也受到了广泛的关注,从最初得到的二聚体晶体,到最近证实了GTP作为激活剂才能形成有抗病毒活性的同源四聚体,SAMHD1蛋白的多聚体结构及形成机制都得到了新的阐释.综合各种已知的生物学功能以及结构方面的信息,结合最新发表的研究成果,深入而全面地分析了SAMHD1蛋白复杂的抗病毒作用机制.
    • 魏艳; 王玉婧; 吴蓓蓓; 张英豪; 赫荣乔
    • 摘要: Oligomers,rather than polymers and fibrils,of protein aggregates are thought to be cytotoxic,which is a milestone in the study of protein misfolding and aggregation.Abnormally high level of uric ribose in type 2 diabetic patients and ribosylated animal models indicate that diabetes is not only correlated with metabolic dysfunction in glucose but also ribose.Here,using ribosylation of bovine serum albumin (BSA),we show that ribosylated BSA aggregates and proceeds from a monomer and onto an oligomer and polymer,observed with fluorescence spectrophotometer,atomic force microscopy,transmission electron microscopy and size exclusion chromatography.Ribosylated monomer showed severely cytotoxic to SH-SY5Y cells (a human neuroblastoma cell line) under the observations by assays of CCK-8,LDH activity,TUNEL staining,caspase-3 activity and flow-cytometry,whereas ribosylated oligomer and polymer did not.The cytotoxic effect of the ribosylated monomer likely occurs by inducing neuronal apoptosis through activation of the receptor of AGEs (RAGE) associated with mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathways.%研究显示,蛋白质异常修饰形成的寡聚体,与其多聚体、淀粉样纤维相比,具有更强的细胞毒性.这一发现被认为是蛋白质错误折叠和聚集研究领域中的重要进展.蛋白质的异常修饰如还原糖的非酶糖基化,是糖尿病最基本的病理特征.2型糖尿病患者尿液中的核糖浓度显著升高,表明糖尿病不仅与葡萄糖代谢紊乱相关,同时也与核糖代谢失调相关.以牛血清白蛋白(BSA)为研究对象,通过荧光分光光度计检测、原子力显微镜、透射电子显微镜观察以及分子排阻色谱分离,观察到核糖糖基化能够诱导BSA聚集,从单体、寡聚体逐渐形成多聚体.通过CCK-8 Kit、乳酸脱氢酶细胞活性检测、TUNEL染色、caspase-3活性检测以及流式细胞检测等方法,发现核糖糖基化的BSA单体对SH-SY5Y细胞(人神经母细胞瘤细胞系)具有明显的毒性,与此同时,糖化寡聚体和多聚体没有表现出显著的毒性.进一步研究发现,核糖糖基化的BSA单体通过与AGEs的受体RAGE相互作用,激活细胞内的MAPK通路,从而导致细胞凋亡.
    • 王杰; 肖政; 范里; 邓献存; 刘旭平; 谭文松
    • 摘要: 近年来,国家食品药品监督管理局基于药物安全性的考虑对于治疗性蛋白的质量提出了更高的要求,而蛋白多聚体能引起人体免疫反应,被认为是关键质量属性( critical quality attributes,CQA)。采用培养基组分添加试验和操作参数控制试验的方法,系统研究了培养基中氧化还原物质和培养过程参数(温度和pH值)对抗体多聚体形成的影响。结果表明,半胱氨酸的添加能显著抑制多聚体的形成,培养基中半胱氨酸添加浓度增至30 mmol/L,多聚体含量下降40%。而铜离子的添加浓度从500μmol/L降至0μmol/L,多聚体含量则降低了43%。培养温度从35°C降低至32°C,重链结合蛋白( BiP)和蛋白二硫键异构酶( PDI)的表达水平均提高了89%,细胞翻译后修饰能力显著加强,分泌至上清液中的抗体多聚体含量相应下降了38%。研究结果明确了生产工艺和产品关键属性之间的关系,为后续设计优化以质量为先导的培养过程,生产质量可控、安全、有效抗体药物奠定了基础。
    • 林松峰; 张瑞; 王丹丹; 郭刚
    • 摘要: Objective:To investigate the relationship between production and copy number coding sequence of the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1). Methods:Firstly, four repeated sequences for multi-copy GLP-1 peptides were linked as a motif and inserted into the vector pET-22b (+). The completed plasmid including different numbers of GLP-1 copy was subsequently transformed into E.coli BL21 cells, which can be induced to express the interesting peptides by the reagent IPTG (Isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside). The expression of multi-copy GLP-1 was employed to optimize the fermentation. The conditions such as temperature and inducing time for highest protein yield were analyzed. Finally, the effects of different GLP-1 motif were confirmed to improve the production. Results:Multi-copy GLP-1 was expressed and secreted by E.coli in different conditions, the result demonstrated that a climax yield for protein was obtained at 26°Cand 8 hours. Moreover, the production was negatively correlated with copy number of GLP-1. With the multi-copy, the production of peptides marked a significant decline. Conclusion:The final optimized condition to express multi-copy GLP-1 peptides is E.coli BL21 containing 4 copy motif vector cultured at 26°Cwith inducing time of 8 hours.%目的:探讨胰高血糖素样肽-1(GLP-1)的序列拷贝数及拷贝温度、时间与其体外表达水平的关系.方法:首先将以4拷贝数为单位的GLP-1序列插入到pET-22b(+)中构建GLP-1多拷贝表达载体,然后将表达载体转化至大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中进行蛋白体外培养表达.取不同温度和诱导时间段进行蛋白表达,检测GLP-1在不同条件下的蛋白表达量,优化蛋白最适表达条件. 结果:GLP-1多拷贝在BL21菌株中的最佳表达温度为26°C,最适诱导时间为8 h. 拷贝数与GLP多拷贝表达量呈负相关性,拷贝数越多,蛋白产量越低. 结论:GLP多拷贝最佳体外表达条件为4拷贝,26°C培养IPTG诱导8 h.
    • 于传飞; 王文波; 李萌; 王兰; 张峰; 刘春雨; 高凯
    • 摘要: Objective To compare the capability of capillary electrophoresis-sodium dodecyl sul-fate ( CE-SDS) and size exclusion-high performance liquid chromatography ( SE-HPLC) for analysis of size heterogeneity of monoclonal antibody products .Methods The size heterogeneity of one humanized anti-VEGF monoclonal antibody was analyzed by using non-reduced and reduced CE-SDS, and conventional , de-natured and denatured reduced SE-HPLC.Results The percentage of aggregates detected by non-reduced CE-SDS (0.82%±0.01%) was equal to that by using denatured SE-HPLC (1.05%±0.02%), but it was significantly lower than that by using conventional SE-HPLC analysis (5.08%±0.10%).With regard to fragments analyzed with non-reduced antibodies, its percentage was (7.12±0.04)% measured by non-re-duced CE-SDS analysis that was significantly higher than that by conventional SE -HPLC analysis (0.02%± 0.01%) and denatured SE-HPLC analysis (0.62%±0.01%).Using reduced antibodies , the percentage of fragments was (3.19±0.50)%tested by reduced CE-SDS analysis that was significantly higher than that by using denatured reduced SE-HPLC analysis (0.07%±0.01%).Conclusion Conventional SE-HPLC was more objective than CE-SDS for content analysis of aggregates , as both the covalent and non-covalent forms of aggregates could be detected .Non-reduced CE-SDS could demonstrate the content of clips , while reduced CE-SDS showed the degraded fragments .Therefore, CE-SDS had an advantage over conventional SE-HPLC for content analysis of fragments .The use of the two analytical methods in combination provided solid techni-cal supports for the quality control of size heterogeneity of monoclonal antibodies .%目的:比较十二烷基磺酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳( sodium dodecyl sulfatepolyacrylam-ide gel electrophoresis ,CE-SDS)和分子排阻高效液相( size exclusion high performance liquid chromatogra-phy,SE-HPLC)在单克隆抗体(单抗)大小异质性分析中的区别。方法应用非还原和还原CE-SDS以及常规、变性和变性还原SE-HPLC评价人源化抗血管内皮细胞生长因子( VEGF)单抗的大小异质性。结果对于多聚体的分析,虽然非还原CE-SDS结果显示其含量为0.82%±0.01%,显著低于常规SE-HPLC的分析结果(5.08%±0.10%),但与变性SE-HPLC的分析结果(1.05%±0.02%)则基本一致;在非还原状态下对单抗的片段分析,非还原CE-SDS结果显示其含量为7.12%±0.04%,显著高于常规SE-HPLC的分析结果(0.02%±0.01%)以及变性SE-HPLC的分析结果(0.62%±0.01%);而在还原状态下对单抗的片段分析,还原CE-SDS结果显示其含量为(3.19%±0.50%),其含量同样高于变性还原SE-HPLC的分析结果(0.07%±0.01%)。结论在分析多聚体含量时,由于常规SE-HPLC对共价和非共价连接的多聚体形式均可显示,相比CE-SDS相比更加客观;而在分析片段含量时,非还原CE-SDS可显示非共价键连接的片段,还原CE-SDS可显示降解片段,所以CE-SDS相比常规SE-HPLC更具优势。两种不同原理分析方法的组合有效保障了单抗制品大小异质性的质量控制。
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