摘要:
为了研究外生菌根菌与外源Ca2+是否可以协同对樟子松苗木生长的影响.本研究利用菌物学、生物化学和生态学等研究方法,通过对菌根化樟子松一年生苗木施加适当浓度的外源Ca2+,并对苗木各部分各项生长和生理指标进行检测.结果表明:(1)适当浓度的外源Ca2+和外生菌根菌(ECMF)协同能够更好的促进樟子松苗木的生长.当Ca≤20mmol/L时,苗木高生长达到最大,为11.4cm和10.6cm,比对照高32.6%和23.3%.生物量与光合色素含量均高于不施Ca处理组.说明施用适当浓度的外源Ca可以放大菌根对苗木的促生作用.(2)适当浓度的外源Ca2+和外生菌根菌协同能够更好的提升樟子松苗木的抗氧化能力.施Ca处理主要可以诱导苗木各部分CAT和POD活力上升,通过较高水平的抗氧化酶系,提高苗木质量.(3)适当浓度的外源Ca2+和外生菌根菌协同能够更好的提高樟子松细胞耐渗透能力.本研究中,外源Ca2+,可以有效同外生菌根菌协同,增加苗木各部分的可溶性蛋白含量.通过主成分分析(PCA)表明,在各项渗透物质指标当中,可溶性蛋白的贡献率最大.表明外源Ca和外生菌根可以有效诱导植物提高体内可溶性蛋白含量,提高抗逆性.(4)菌根苗通过施用适当浓度的外源Ca2+达到加大壮苗的目的是可行的.综合本研究的各项结果,不难看出,苗木的生长和生理指标的变化一致,生长迅速且健壮的苗木,其体内抗氧化酶系统和细胞中渗透物质的含量也相应的增高.在育苗初期,在苗圃或大田施用外源Ca2+(或钙肥)与外生菌根菌协同以期达到更好的壮苗之效果,是可行的.%This study aimed to test whether ectomycorrhizal fungi and exogenous Ca2+ have collaboratively influence on the growth trait of Pinus sylvestrisvar. mongolicaseedlings. During our study, several research methods like mycology, biochemistry, and ecology were used. And the appropriate concentration of exogenous Ca2+was applied to one-year-old mycorrhizal seedlings, then the growth and physiological traits of various parts of seedlings were tested. The results indicated that: (1)Appropriate concentration of exogenous Ca2+ associated with ECMF could better promote the growth of P. sylvestrisvar. mongolicaseedlings. When Ca concentration≤20mmol/L, the plants height reached to the maximum, which were 11.4cm and 10.6cmseparately,andwere 32.6% and 23.3% higher than control, which treated without applying Ca concentration. Both of biomass and photosynthetic pigment contents were higher than the treatments without applying Ca concentration. The results above showed that an appropriate concentration of exogenous Ca could magnify the effect of mycorrhizal on growth of seedlings. (2) Appropriate concentration of exogenous Ca2+ associated with ECMF could better promote the antioxidant ability ofP. sylvestrisvar. mongolicaseedlings. By applying exogenous Ca2+, the CAT and POD activities in every part of seedlings were increased, and the quality of seedlings were improved due to the high levels of antioxidant enzyme system. (3) Appropriate concentration of exogenous Ca2+ associated with ECMF could better promote the resistance to penetration ofP. sylvestrisvar. mongolica seedlings. In the paper, by using exogenous Ca2+ together with ECMF could effectively increase the content of soluble protein ofP. sylvestris var. mongolicaseedlings. The PCA analysis indicated that, the soluble protein have the greatest contribution among all osmolytes indicators. The result also showed that exogenous Ca2+ and ECMF could lead to the increasement of content of soluble protein in plants, and their stress resistance was improved as well. (4) It is possible to achieve the goal of promoting the growth and physiological traits of seedlings by applying the appropriate concentration of exogenous Ca2+. In conclusion, apparently, the variation trends of growth and physiological traits were similar, the internal antioxidant enzyme system and osmolytes content were higher in the rapid growth and strong seedlings. In the early seedling stage, by applying the appropriate concentration of exogenous Ca2+(or calcium fertilizer) associated with ECMF in the greenhouse or field would obtain better strong seedling results, and this method is feasible.