摘要：
以甘薯‘龙薯24号'为试验材料,采用随机区组设计,研究地膜覆盖栽培对夏薯产量和品质的影响.结果表明:覆膜可显著提高夏薯产量.覆膜栽培2年平均鲜薯产量为55.13 t·hm-2,比CK增产22.9％；覆膜栽培两年平均薯干产量为15.92 t·hm-2,比CK增产20.0％,差异达极显著水平.覆膜栽培收获期甘薯块根干物质含量比CK下降0.7％,总淀粉含量比CK下降0.61％,品质差异不显著.试验结果明确覆膜增产因素为覆膜栽培显著提高了单株薯块鲜重,降低了生长前期的T/R比值,提高了块根膨大高峰期的日鲜重增长速率.覆膜栽培生长过程土壤容重降低,土壤孔隙度提高,土壤通透性增强,土壤含水量相对稳定,覆膜栽培为甘薯的生长创造了良好的土壤环境,有利于根系发育,为块根的膨大奠定了良好的基础.覆膜栽培增效显著,每公顷可增加纯收入1.3万元.%By the randomized block design,effects of using plastic sheets for mulching on the yield and quality of the summer sweet potatoes,Longshu 24,were studied.The results showed that the plastic sheet-mulching increased the yield significantly.The average fresh tuber yield was 55.13 t · hm-2 from the two years experiment.It was higher than that of CK by 22.9％.The average yield of the sweet potato dry matters,from the two years experiment,was 15.92 t · hm-2.It was higher than that of CK by 20.0％.The differences were significant.The dry matter content of the sweet potatoes was lower than that of CK by 0.7 ％,and the starch content was lower by 0.61％.There was no significant difference on the overall root quality during the harvest period.The reasons that the plastic sheet-mulching could promoted the sweet potato yield were believed to include:(a) the weight pre plant of the tuberous roots was increased significantly; (b) the T/R radio during early and mid growing stages was reduced,while the root development during the peak stage was enhanced with the mulching; (c) the soil's volume weigh was decreased,porosity dicreased,permeability improved,and water content remained relatively stable which rendered the soil conditions conducive to the plant's development; (d) the plastic sheet-mulching improved the soil ecological environment that benefited the root growth and development; and (e) the mulching encouraged the root thickening resulting in improved the plant's nutrient and water absorption.The increased efficiency by the application of plastic sheet-mulching was found to be most significant,that is,every hectare could increase a net income of 13000 yuan.
