self-assembly

摘要： Chemotherapy is still a kind of important strategy for cancer treatment,but lacking effective delivery system limits the therapeutic outcome.Owing to the excellent biocompatibility,albumin has been employed as drug vehicle;however,it has to face complicated synthesis procedures and still needs an effective technology for the drug delivery evaluation.In this study,a facile method was utilized to prepare a protein-based theranostic system through the self-assembly of albumins with small molecules and drugs;furthermore,the paramagnetic divalent manganese ions were conjugated on the surface of the nanocomposite through a coordination bond and carried out the magnetic resonance imaging.This nanosystem with a stable structure exhibited about 80 nanometer size and 7.7[Mn]mM-1S-1 T1 relaxivity;moreover,the pH-sensitive drug releasing property and the imaging function empower it with theranostic cancer therapy.Moreover,the nanocomposites effectively entered into the cancer cells and showed superior antitumor ability;and these treated cells exhibited significant T1 signal.These results suggested that the albumin-based nanosystem is a novel chemotherapy drug delivery vehicle and a promising candidate for magnetic resonance imaging.

摘要： The self-assembly process for compatible functional layers of devices is a simple,feasible,and energy-saving strategy.In mesoporous perovskite solar cells(PSCs),compact and scaffold TiO_(2) films generally function as the hole-blocking and electron-transporting layers,respectively.However,both of these layers are usually generated through a high-temperature annealing process.Here,we deposited TiO_(2) compact films through a room-temperature self-assembly process as effective hole-blocking layers for PSCs.The thickness of TiO_(2) compact films can be easily controlled by the deposition time.Through the optimization of TiO_(2) compact films(80 nm),the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of mesoporous PSCs without and with hole conductor layers increases up to 10.66%and 17.95%,respectively.Notably,an all-low-temperature planar PSC with the self-assembled TiO_(2) layer exhibits a PCE of 16.41%.

摘要： The employment of microwave absorbents is highly desirable to address the increasing threats of electromagnetic pollution.Importantly,developing ultrathin absorbent is acknowledged as a linchpin in the design of lightweight and flexible electronic devices,but there are remaining unprecedented challenges.Herein,the self-assembly VS_(4)/rGO heterostructure is constructed to be engineered as ultrathin microwave absorbent through the strategies of architecture design and interface engineering.The microarchitecture and heterointerface of VS_(4)/rGO heterostructure can be regulated by the generation of VS_(4) nanorods anchored on rGO,which can effectively modulate the impedance matching and attenuation constant.The maximum reflection loss of 2VS_(4)/rGO40 heterostructure can reach−43.5 dB at 14 GHz with the impedance matching and attenuation constant approaching 0.98 and 187,respectively.The effective absorption bandwidth of 4.8 GHz can be achieved with an ultrathin thickness of 1.4 mm.The far-reaching comprehension of the heterointerface on microwave absorption performance is explicitly unveiled by experimental results and theoretical calculations.Microarchitecture and heterointerface synergistically inspire multi-dimensional advantages to enhance dipole polarization,interfacial polarization,and multiple reflections and scatterings of microwaves.Overall,the strategies of architecture design and interface engineering pave the way for achieving ultrathin and enhanced microwave absorption materials.

摘要： An aerogel electrode composed of conductive active materials based on nanocellulose aerogels can absorb more electrolytes,as well as enhance electron transport and ion diffusion channels.In the present study,aerogels with high strength were successfully prepared using 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy free radical(TEMPO)-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils(CNF)as a raw material and polyethyleneimine(PEI)as a crosslinking agent.Simultaneously,functional electrode materials were prepared via self-assembly.Based on our findings,PEI can significantly improve the water and solvent solubility and enhance the wet strength and shape recovery ability of CNF aerogels.Meanwhile,the minimum density of the aerogel reached 0.0160 g/cm3,the maximum porosity was approximately 98.5%,and the maximum stress approximated 0.02 MPa.Furthermore,electrochemical tests revealed that after self-assembly of reduced graphene oxide(RGO)and polyaniline(PANI)solution,the mass specific capacitance of the functional composite aerogel was approximately 92 F/g and exhibited good chargedischarge performance.

摘要： Three-dimensional(3D)micro-jet printing is a droplet deposition technique based on liquid-phase materials.To improve the deposition density and performance of energetic films with micro/nanoscale on an energetic chip,polydopamine(PDA)was utilized as a linker bridge to induce the in-situ self-assembly of CL-20-based energetic film via 3D micro-jet printing.The self-assembly was extensively characterized by confocal laser scanning microscopy(CLSM),SEM,power-XRD,XPS,and DSC.The performance of the self-assembled film was verified by the mechanical properties and detonation properties,and a possible self-assembly mechanism in the layer-by-layer micro-jet printing process was proposed.The results indicated PDA-induced self-assembly enhanced the physical entanglement between the binders and energetic crystal,reduced the porosity from 15.87%to 11.28%,and improved the elastic modulus and the detonation performance of the CL-20-based energetic film.This work proposes a novel and promising energetic film design and fabrication strategy to enhance the interaction between the energetic composite layers in the micro-jet printing process.

摘要： The understanding of amphiphilic block copolymers(ABC)in encapsulation and transport of inorganic nanomedicines is highly desired.Still,it remains limited due to the challenges in the fabrication of nanoassemblies(NAs)with highly-controlled shape and loading of nanoparticles.Herein,through growth regulation of luminescent gold nanoparticles(Au NPs)by different reductants with ABC pluronic F127 as a template,a straightforward strategy is reported for in-situ fabrication of three wellcontrolled gold NAs(Au NAs)that display tunable shapes from spherical to elongated nanostructures and controllable surface chemistry and loading of Au NPs with distinct emissions but identical individual Au NP size.The three Au NAs exhibit tailored invivo transport behaviours:those with spherical shape and more hydrophilic surface show longer blood retention with higher tumor-targeting efficiency(~25.3%injection dose/g)and excellent long-term near-infrared tumor imaging even after 96 h postinjection.These findings provide a useful guidance in designing specific nanostructures for future nanomedicine transport.

摘要： Theranostic nanosystems that integrate diagnosis and therapy have garnered increasing attention for personalized medicine.The integration of the versatile nanoparticles to fabricate self-assembled theranostic nanomedicines becomes increasingly important in current medical research.Mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSN)with their highly attractive physicochemical properties and favorable morphological attributes represent ideal templates for the controlled assembly and integration of functional nanomaterials to fabricate self-assembled theranostic nanomedicines.The rationally designed combination strategy and heterostructure will improve the overall bioavailability and preserve the unique property of each nanocomponent.In this review,the cutting-edge strategies for the designed fabrication of MSN-templated self-assembled nanomedicines are summarized.We categorize MSN-based nanomedicines by their unique heterostructures,including core-shell,yolk-shell,core-satellite,heterodimer and core-shell-satellite structures,and discuss the controlled assembly approaches as well as the intriguing applications for disease theranostics.Finally,a perspective on the challenges in the clinical translation of self-assembled theranostic nanomedicines is highlighted.

摘要： As an emerging type of important macrocycles for supramolecular chemistry,pillararenes and their derivatives have been widely studied and applied in numerous fields,which intensively promotes the development of chemistry,materials science and biology.Pillararene-based theranostic systems are of special interest in the biological and medical areas as they have shown very promising results.Owing to easy preparation,reliable guest affinity,good biocompatibility and stability,pillararenes are frequently used to construct functional biomaterials.On one hand,pillararenes can either be used individually or form diversiform self-assemblies such as micelles,nanoparticles and vesicles to increase water solubility and biocompatibility of drugs.On the other hand,it is promising to modify solid materials like framework materials,silica nanoparticles and graphene oxides with pillararene derivatives to enhance their functions and controllability.In this review,we summarize recent endeavors of pillararene-based supramolecular systems with theranostics and other biological applications comprising drug delivery/chemotherapy,photodynamic/photothermal therapy,antimicrobials,bioimaging,etc.By introducing several typical examples,the design principles,preparation strategies,identifications and bio-applications of these pillararene-based supramolecular systems are described.Future challenges and directions of this field are also outlined.

摘要： Circularly polarized luminescence(CPL)materials have potential applications in three-dimensional(3D)displays,quantum encryption,and optical sensors.The development of single-component CPL materials with polymorphic assembly and handedness inversion remains a significant challenge.Herein,we present the access of such materials by controlling the underlying assembly pathway of well-designed chiral emitters.A pair of enantiomeric platinum complexes(R)-1 and(S)-1 decorated with a chiralα-methylbenzyl isocyanide ligand were prepared.By using the mixed-solvent(THF/n-hexane,THF=tetrahydrofuran)or high-concentration condition,these complexes were found to assemble via a cooperative or isodesmic pathway with significantly enhanced yellow or red emission,respectively.The aggregate samples obtained via these conditions show efficient CPL(dissymmery factorglum>0.02,emission quantum yieldΦ>20%).Interestingly,different assembly pathway leads to helical nanoribbons or nanofibers with opposite handedness from the complex with the same molecular chirality.This has been unambiguously and consistently manifested by circular dichroism and CPL spectral analysis and transmission electron,scanning electron,and atomic force microscope studies.This work demonstrates an appealing example of constructing polymorphic helical architectures with highly efficient CPL and inverted handedness thanks to the excellent assembly and emission of platinum complexes.

摘要： The construction of inorganic porous frameworks from discrete polyoxometalate(POM)units is a major research challenge.Herein,a three-dimensional(3D)all-inorganic porous structure{Mo_(154)}_n that consists of classic Mo_(154)rings connected by Mo–O–Mo covalent bonds was synthesized.Interestingly,the proton conductivity of the 3D-{Mo_(154)}_n framework is 1.1×10^(-2)S cm^(-1)at 22°Cand 100%relative humidity(RH),which is one of the highest proton conductivities reported thus far for POM-based conductive materials.Compared to the discrete{Mo_(154)}cluster and 1D-{Mo_(154)}_n,the enhanced conductivity of 3D-{Mo_(154)}_n suggests that assembling POM-based all-inorganic porous frameworks is a promising method for designing proton-conductive materials.