rehabilitation

摘要： Therapeutic intervention for spinal cord injury is limited,with many approaches relying on strengthening the remaining substrate and driving recovery through rehabilitative training.As compared with learning novel compensatory strategies,rehabilitation focuses on resto ring movements lost to injury.Whether rehabilitation of previously learned movements after spinal cord injury requires the molecular mechanisms of motor learning,or if it engages previously trained motor circuits without requiring novel learning remains an open question.In this study,mice we re randomly assigned to receive intrape ritoneal injection with the pan-nicotinic,non-competitive antagonist mecamylamine and the nicotinicα7 subunit selective antagonist methyllycaconitine citrate salt or vehicle(normal saline)prior to motor learning assays,then randomly reassigned after motor learning for rehabilitation study post-injury.Ce rvical spinal co rd dorsal column lesion was used as a model of in complete injury.Results of this study showed that nicotinic acetylcholine signaling was required for motor learning of the single pellet-reaching task but it was dispensable for the rehabilitation of the same task after injury.Our findings indicate that critical diffe rences exist between the molecular mechanisms supporting compensatory motor learning strategies and the restoration of behavior lost to spinal cord injury.

摘要： The study of respiratory plasticity in animal models spans decades.At the bench,researchers use an array of techniques aimed at harnessing the power of plasticity within the central nervous system to restore respiration following spinal cord injury.This field of research is highly clinically relevant.People living with cervical spinal cord injury at or above the level of the phrenic motoneuron pool at spinal levels C3-C5 typically have significant impairments in breathing which may require assisted ventilation.Those who are ventilator dependent are at an increased risk of ventilator-associated co-morbidities and have a drastically reduced life expectancy.Pre-clinical research examining respiratory plasticity in animal models has laid the groundwork for clinical trials.Despite how widely researched this injury is in animal models,relatively few treatments have broken through the preclinical barrier.The three goals of this present review are to define plasticity as it pertains to respiratory function post-spinal cord injury,discuss plasticity models of spinal cord injury used in research,and explore the shift from preclinical to clinical research.By investigating current targets of respiratory plasticity research,we hope to illuminate preclinical work that can influence future clinical investigations and the advancement of treatments for spinal cord injury.

摘要： In this review intended for medical staff involved in patient rehabilitation,we provided an overview of the basic methods for managing amputation stumps.After the amputation surgery,it is imperative to optimize the remaining physical abilities of the amputee through rehabilitation processes,including postoperative rehabilitation,desensitization,and continuous application of soft or rigid dressings for pain reduction and shaping of the stump.Depending on the situation,a prosthesis may be worn in the early stage of recovery or an immediate postoperative prosthesis may be applied to promote stump maturation.Subsequently,to maintain the range of motion of the stump and to prevent deformation,the remaining portion of the limb should be positioned to prevent contracture.Continuous exercises should also be performed to improve muscle strength to ensure that the amputee is able to perform activities of daily living,independently.Additionally,clean wound or edema management of the stump is necessary to prevent problems associated with wearing the prosthesis.Our review is expected to contribute to the establishment of basic protocols that will be useful for stump management from the time of completion of amputation surgery to the fitting of a prosthesis to optimize patient recovery.

摘要： [Objectives]To explore the effect of psychosomatic nursing on the daily living ability and psychosomatic state rehabilitation of cardiology patients with coronary heart disease treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). [Methods] 512 patients with coronary heart disease treated with PCI in the Cardiology Department of Taihe Hospital,Hubei University of Medicine from August 2015 to August 2018were given psychosomatic holistic nursing. Before and after the intervention,the improvement of the patients’ daily living ability,psychosomatic status and social support was analyzed by using the Barthel index of activities of daily living (ADL) scale,self-rating scale of 90 symptoms (SCL-90),and social support rating scale (SSRS). [Results]Before nursing intervention,the proportion of patients with grade Ⅰ objective score (26.56%) was lower than that of patients with grade Ⅰ subjective score (48.63%),and the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05). After nursing intervention,the SCL-90 total score,number of positive items,average score of positive items,physical factor,forcing factor,depression factor,anxiety factor,interpersonal factor and hostile factor score significantly dropped,and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05);the SSRS total score,objective support,subjective support and support utilization score significantly rose,and the difference was also statistically significant (P < 0.05). [Conclusions]Psychosomatic nursing for cardiology patients with coronary heart disease treated with PCI can effectively improve the patients’ ADL score,reduce the SCL-90 score,improve their social support,be beneficial to patients’ recovery,and improve their prognosis.

摘要： The current research seeks to examine the basic rehabilitation services for elders with mobility impairment. The research relied upon a quantitative approach and primary data which was gathered through the Drop-Off and Pick-Up (DOPU) method. The targeted respondents of this study were made up of healthcare workers, such as nurses and doctors from a group of hospitals in Zimbabwe. Therapy, assistive technologies, rehabilitation medicine, community-delivered rehabilitation were identified as the basic rehabilitation services for elders with mobility impairment. To assess the effectiveness of these services, the strength of these services had to be tested on the successful implementation of rehabilitation programs using a Structural Equation Model. In addition, these services were regarded as the independent variables of this study;while the successful implementation of the rehabilitation program was treated as a dependent variable. Based on the findings of this study, therapy, assistive technologies, rehabilitation medicine, community-delivered rehabilitation have a positive effect on the successful implementation of a rehabilitation program. The study recommends that to preserve the function and mobility among elderly and ageing individuals, the healthcare practitioners should promote strategies such as maximizing function by decreasing pain, improving the ability to self-propel and prolonging mobility and endurance through ergonomics, individualized wheelchair selection and configuration, and adaptations for increasing the capacity to handle the daily mobility demands through training, strengthening, and exercise.

摘要： BACKGROUND Elderly patients tend to have poor self-efficacy and poor confidence in postoperative rehabilitation for hip fractures,and are prone to negative emotions,which affect treatment compliance.AIM To evaluate the effects of evidence-based intervention on postoperative fear,compliance,and self-efficacy in elderly patients with hip fractures.METHODS A total of 120 patients with hip fracture surgically treated from June 2018 to June 2020 at the orthopedic department of our hospital were selected and divided into intervention and routine groups(n=60 each)according to different nursing methods.The basic rehabilitation methods of the two groups were consistent,but patients in the intervention group received evidence-based nursing interventions at the same time.Differences between groups in the scores of motion phobia,pain fear,rehabilitation training compliance,self-efficacy,nursing satisfaction,and hip joint function were compared before and after the intervention.RESULTS Before the intervention,there were no statistically significant differences in motion phobia and pain fear scores between the groups(all P>0.05).However,motion phobia scores at 1 wk after intervention initiation(P0.05);however,at 2 wk after intervention initiation,rehabilitation compliance was significantly better in the intervention group than in the routine group(P0.05).After 2 wk of intervention,the scores for these two dimensions of self-efficacy and the total self-efficacy score were significantly higher in the intervention group than in the routine group(all P<0.05).At 3 and 6 mo after surgery,hip function as evaluated by the Harris hip score,was significantly better in the intervention group than in the routine group(P<0.05).Additionally,overall nursing satisfaction was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the routine group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Evidence-based nursing intervention can alleviate fear of postoperative rehabilitation in elderly patients who underwent hip fracture surgery,and improve rehabilitation treatment compliance and patient self-efficacy,which promote hip function recovery.

摘要： Traditional Chinese medicine has widely been used internationally in the treatment of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)since January 2020.There has been great interest in initiating clinical studies testing different Chinese medicine therapies for COVID-19,but the majority of registered studies have yet to move forward due to a lack of COVID-19 patients in China's Mainland.The aim of this article was to systematically review the current clinical research evidence on Chinese medicine for treating COVID-19 from international and domestic bibliographic databases to reflect on the advances in this field.

摘要： Muscle fatigue is a problem in rehabilitation,particularly in elderlies and patients with motor neuron diseases.There are high contradictions in the effectiveness of the used methods to decrease muscle fatigue during rehabilitation.They mainly concentrate on increasing rest periods,decreasing training load,or using an ascending intensity of manner of exercise.The training should focus on the newly discovered sensory system of muscle fatigue because of the important role of the sensory system in driving the motor system.Thus,this editorial provides insight on using proprioceptive training to enhance the sensory system of muscle fatigue.

摘要： Following a spinal cord injury,there are usually a number of neural pathways that remain intact in the spinal cord.These residual nerve fibers are important,as they could be used to reconstruct the neural circuits that enable motor function.Our group previously designed a novel magnetic stimulation protocol,targeting the motor cortex and the spinal nerve roots,that led to significant improvements in locomotor function in patients with a chronic incomplete spinal cord injury.Here,we investigated how nerve root magnetic stimulation contributes to improved locomotor function using a rat model of spinal cord injury.Rats underwent surgery to clamp the spinal cord at T10;three days later,the rats were treated with repetitive magnetic stimulation(5 Hz,25 pulses/train,20 pulse trains)targeting the nerve roots at the L5-L6 vertebrae.The treatment was repeated five times a week over a period of three weeks.We found that the nerve root magnetic stimulation improved the locomotor function and enhanced nerve conduction in the injured spinal cord.In addition,the nerve root magnetic stimulation promoted the recovery of synaptic ultrastructure in the sensorimotor cortex.Overall,the results suggest that nerve root magnetic stimulation may be an effective,noninvasive method for mobilizing the residual spinal cord pathways to promote the recovery of locomotor function.

摘要： Breast cancer(BC)is the most common malignant tumor and one of the top causes of cancer-related death worldwide(Sung et al.,2021).The recent advances in early tumor diagnosis coupled with more effective treatment strategies resulted in a steady increase of long-term survivors(Nardin et al.,2020;Invernizzi et al.,2022).These improved survival rates led to a significantly higher incidence of disabling complications related to breast cancer and/or its treatment(Invernizzi et al.,2020a;D’Egidio et al.,2017;Zhong et al.,2020).