Basin

摘要： Seismic waveform modeling is one of the most powerful tools for understanding Earth's structure,since it allows waveforms to be quantitatively predicted using physical source representations and a velocity model.In the late 1960s,Don Helmberger developed the foundations of generalized ray theory(GRT)using the Cagniard-de Hoop method(Helmberger,1968).This advance ushered in a new era of computing synthetic seismograms at local to teleseismic distances in applications ranging from studying strong motions generated by earthquakes to modeling Earth’s interiors from basin to core.

摘要： The continental hydrocarbon generation theory has opened a new field of oil and gas development and once solved the oil and gas shortage problem in China.Since then,geological theories of coalbed methane accumulation,foreland basin oil and gas accumulation,carbonate rock oil and gas accumulation,superimposed basin,and deep oil and gas accumulation have contributed to relieving the pressure of oil and gas shortage in China.

摘要： High-quality development of the Yellow River Basin is a development strategy that China has been vigorously promoting in recent years,and it is also an important point to realize the goal of balanced regional development and the Chinese dream in the long term.In the context of the implementation of the strategy,Zhengzhou,as a major city in the central region where the Yellow River flows through,has a strong driving effect on the surrounding counties and cities.At the same time,Zhengzhou’s rural modernization process is gradually accelerated,and the poverty alleviation has achieved remarkable results.Therefore,this paper introduces the development background of the Yellow River Basin region,explores the significance of this strategy for the basin region,and takes the rural construction of Zhengzhou as an example to look into the future development path.

摘要： Objective The Dayangshu Basin located in eastern Inner Mongolia,is one of the key areas for oil and gas exploration in the periphery of Songliao Basin.So far,this basin has been poorly explored,and the basic geological research is still weak,due to the lack of high-quality paleontologic and stratigraphic data.The previous oil and gas investigations were mainly focused on the Early Cretaceous strata.However,the Late Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation in the basin also has hydrocarbon potential according to the latest research.In recent oil and gas geological survey,palynological fossils have been discovered from the Nenjiang Formation in the Dayangshu Basin,providing new evidence for biostratigraphic division and correlation.

摘要： The increasing shortage in water resources is a key factor affecting sustainable socio-economic development in the arid region of Northwest China(ARNC). Water shortages also affect the stability of the region's oasis ecosystem. This paper summarizes the hydrological processes and water cycle of inland river basins in the ARNC, focusing on the following aspects: the spatial-temporal features of water resources(including air water vapor resources, runoff, and glacial meltwater) and their driving forces; the characteristics of streamflow composition in the inland river basins; the characteristics and main controlling factors of baseflow in the inland rivers; and anticipated future changes in hydrological processes and water resources. The results indicate that:(1) although the runoff in most inland rivers in the ARNC showed a significant increasing trend, both the glaciated area and glacial ice reserves have been reduced in the mountains;(2) snow melt and glacier melt are extremely important hydrological processes in the ARNC, especially in the Kunlun and Tianshan mountains;(3) baseflow in the inland rivers of the ARNC is the result of climate change and human activities, with the main driving factors being the reduction in forest area and the over-exploitation and utilization of groundwater in the river basins; and(4) the contradictions among water resources, ecology and economy will further increase in the future. The findings of this study might also help strengthen the ecological, economic and social sustainable development in the study region.

摘要： Application of fractal theory on the evolution of nonlinear study of the hydrological system, which found its internal rules from the complex hydrologic system, could make us more fully understand the hydrodynamic characteristics of the complex motion of this system. Taking Weihe River as study area, this paper analyzes daily runoff series’ multi-fractal character and relative fluctuation feature by using the De-trended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) method. Result shows that the daily runoff series of main channel and branches of Weihe river all shows multi-fractal characteristics clearly, and the turns of multi-fractal intensity of daily runoff series in Weihe river are: Xianyang station (1.388) > Yingge station (0.697) > Linjiacun station (0.665) > Zhangjiashan station (0.662) > Zhuangtou station (0.635). Rainfall, evaporation, water income and human activity and other factors affect the fluctuation character and multi-fractal intensity of daily runoff series through these factors’ superimposition and pining down mutually. This study could provide a theoretical supply for obtaining the quantitative indicators on multi-fractal characteristics about eco-environment situation of watershed, and for runoff forecasting.

摘要： This study was conducted in the region of Tahoua the northeastern part of the Southern Illulemeden sedimentary basin. In this region the transboundary aquifer system of Continental Intercalaire (CI) and the Continental Hamadien (CH) are potentially rich in underground water especially in free and captive aquifers. More, this water is the main source of drinking water for the populations, the animals and for agriculture and extractive industries. However, the population growth, the agricultural development, and the climate change have a real impact on the dynamics of groundwater and the exploitation of these resources. Hence, this study aims at analyzing the behavior of aquifers and assessing the impact of various natural and anthropogenic factors. Especially it matters to analyze the drilling parameters and cuttings, logging data and pumping test of nine new boreholes. The results reveal that the depths equipped with boreholes catching the CI/CH complex vary from 70 to 800 meters from East to West while the average thickness of the reservoir CH is 50 meters and it mainly consists of coarse sandstone. Drilling penetrated more than 100 meters into the CI without reaching the base. The CI tank is composed of several layers of gravel and clay whilst the CI/CH aquifers flow rates range from 0.2 to 22.8 m3/h/m. So this is cause of great variability of the water potential within this aquifer. Lastly, the transmissivity coefficients are more important in the CH than in the CI, and the water flow average rates range respectively from 29 m/year to 7 m/year.

摘要： Two Biradiolites species described from the Yigeziya Formation of the southwestern Tarim Basin are revised. The Maastrichtian Biradiolites boldjuanensis is small and pipe-like species that is usually preserved as clusters or bouquets. Although it was considered to be endemic to Central Asia, similar specimens are abundant in Maastrichtian of other Tethyan regions. Biradiolites minor specimens have no relationship with the genus Biradiolites because their ventral and posterior bands are protruding ridges and interband is depressed broad groove. This species is comparable with the Campanian-Maastrichtian eastern Arabian species Glabrobournonia arabica, by the character of smooth outer shell layer in right valve, and simple radial bands and ridges on margin of each shell flank, but it differs from the latter species in size and the shape of left valve. This study will be a supportive tool for the establishment and reconstruction of the palaeogeographic connection between Central Asia and other Tethyan regions.

摘要： A hydraulic jump is a localized phenomenon that generates on an open hydraulic channel;however, its mathematical demonstration is not possible in the turbulent area of the phenomenon, especially in the area where the jump occurs and where its length is measured, so the data must be obtained with direct measurements in a laboratory and through empiric equations. This work presents the results of the generated hydraulic jumps and the measure of its length in a series of tests, where we input different flow rates in a transportable open channel hydraulic with a constant gate opening “a” and a slope of S = 0.0035, in the Engineering Faculty Research Centre of the Autonomous University of Chiapas. We also present the experimental method to generate a hydraulic jump, the measure of its length and a comparison with seven empirical equations, including the Sieñchi equation used in H-Canales, the most used software for hydraulic channels design in Latin America. The results show that the calculus of L with the proposed equation has a mean squared error (MSE) of 0.1337, a Bias of -0.0049, a model efficiency (ME) of 0.9991 and a determination coefficient (R2) of 0.9993 when compared with the experimental model. Meanwhile, the comparison of L calculated with the Sieñchi equation versus the experimental model resulted in a MSE of 0.1741, a bias of -0.0437, a ME of 0.9984 and a R2 of 0.9997. Both equations are highly recommended to estimate L in rectangular channels under the conditions presented in this paper, thus, the proposed equation can be applied if??y . Finally, it must be stated that we also proved that the Pavlosky equation is comparable in precision and accuracy concerning to proposed equation and Sieñchi equation.

摘要： Full-azimuth common reflection-angle gathers could be stacked at any azimuth. The stacked data at the azimuth perpendicular to fractures exhibit the largest azimuthal anisotropy, while the stacked data at the azimuth parallel to fractures exhibit the smallest azimuthal anisotropy. In petroleum exploration in Block A, a neritic province in the Bohai Bay, we use the stacked data at the azimuth perpendicular to fractures to improve fault interpretation. We also use attribute fusion to identify fractures in different directions.