Program

摘要： Purpose:This study aimed to examine the usage,acceptability,usability,perceived usefulness,and satisfaction of a web-based video-tailored physical activity(PA)intervention(TaylorActive)in adults.Methods:In 2013-2014,501 Australian adults aged 18+years were randomized into a video-tailored intervention,text-tailored intervention,or control group.Over 3 months,the intervention groups received access to 8 sessions of personally tailored PA advice delivered via the TaylorActive website.Only the delivery method differed between the intervention groups:video-tailored vs.text-tailored.Google Analytics and telephone surveys conducted at post intervention(3 months)were used to assess intervention usage,acceptability,usability,perceived usefulness,and satisfaction.Quantitative and qualitative process data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and thematic content analysis.Results:Of 501 recruited adults,259 completed the 3-month post-intervention survey(52%retention).Overall,usage of the TaylorActive website with respect to number of website visits,intervention sessions,and action plans completed was modest in both the video-tailored(7.6士7.2 visits,mean±SD)and text-tailored(7.3±5.4 visits)groups with no significant between-group differences.The majority of participants in all groups used the TaylorActive website less than once in 2 weeks(66.7%video-tailored,62.7%text-tailored,87.5%control;p<0.001).Acceptability was rated mostly high in all groups and in some instances,significantly higher in the intervention groups compared to the control group(p<0.010).Usability was also rated high;mean Systems Usability Scores were 77.3(video-tailored),75.7(text-tailored),and 74.1(control)with no significant between-group differences.Perceived usefulness of the TaylorActive intervention was low,though mostly rated higher in the intervention groups compared to the control group(p<0.010).Satisfaction with the TaylorActive website was mixed.Participants in both intervention groups liked its ease of use,personalized feedback,and tracking of progress,but also found completing action plans and survey questions for each session repetitive and tedious.Conclusion:Providing personally tailored PA advice on its own(through either video or text)is likely insufficient to ensure good retention,usage,perceived usefulness,and satisfaction with a web-based PA intervention.Strategies to address this may include the incorporation of additional intervention components such as activity trackers,social interactions,gamification,as well as the use of advanced artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies to allow more personalized dialogue with participants.

摘要： The Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)is among the initiators of the Manned Space Flight Program(MSFP)of China as well as the China Lunar Exploration Program(CLEP),and has directly contributed to these grand programs.

摘要： The implementation of the Grain for Green Program(GGP)has changed the development track of the agricultural eco-economic system in China.In response to the results of a lag study that investigated the coupling between the GGP and the agricultural eco-economic system in a loess hilly region,we used a structural equation model to analyze the survey data from 494 households in Ansai,a district of Yan’an City in Shaanxi Province of China in 2015.The model clarified the direction and intensity of the coupling between the GGP and the agricultural eco-economic system.The coupling benefits were derived through linkages between the program and various chains in the agricultural eco-economic system.The GGP,the agroecosystem of Ansai and their potential coupling effects were in a state of general coordination.The agroecosystem directly affected the coupling effect,with the standardized path coefficient of 0.87,indicating that the agroecosystem in Ansai at this stage provided basic material support for the coupling between the GGP and the agricultural eco-economic system.The direct path coefficient of agroeconomic system impacted on the coupling effect was-0.76,indicating that partial contradictions occurred between the agroeconomic system and the coupling effect.Therefore,although the current agroecosystem in Ansai should be provided sufficient agroecological resources for the benign coupling between the program and the agricultural eco-economic system,agricultural development failed to effectively transform agroecological resources into agricultural economic advantages in this region,which resulted in a relative lag in the development of the agricultural economic system.Thus,the coupling between the GGP and the agricultural eco-economic system was poor.To improve the coupling and the sustainable development of the agricultural eco-economic system in cropland retirement areas,the industrial structure needs to be diversified,the agricultural resources(including agroecological resources,agricultural economic resources and agricultural social resources)need to be rationally allocated,and the chain structure of the agricultural eco-economic system needs to be continuously improved.

摘要： Background: The registered dietetic four-year degree educational structure has been intact since 1926. Master level nutrition programs exist in the U.S., but are not standardized or accredited unlike four-year degrees. Academic requirements for nutrition graduate programs vary regionally across the nation. Objective: To 1) quantify and describe the availability of Master level nutrition programs regionally;and 2) examine the current M.A. and M.S. program requirements for a nutrition graduate degree in the U.S. Methods: Nutrition graduate programs (n = 201) were analyzed and compared by geographical region. Data were collected between August 2017 and May 2018. Inclusion criteria were defined as: nutrition graduate programs listed in the American Society of Nutrition (ASN) database that had a nutrition graduate program website. Descriptive statistical analysis measured evaluated variables. Results: A total of 201 nutrition graduate programs in the U.S. were identified. The title of the programs was categorized into 29 main themes. The most common nutrition graduate program title was a M.S. in Nutrition, 55 institutions (27.4%). A total of 181 institutions offered a M.S. with a required thesis, whereas 95 offered a M.S. with a non-thesis option, and only eight offered a M.A. Region 3-South offered the highest number of nutrition graduate programs (66), followed by region 2-Midwest with 49 programs, region 1-Northeast offered a total of 46 programs, and 37 programs were offered in region 4-West. Conclusion: In 2024, as part of the RD eligibility criteria, it will be required that students possess a master’s degree. To date, only one master’s program in the U.S. is accredited, which assures the student a measure of confidence of program rigor and accountability. Dietitians’ three major professional concerns: respect, recognition and rewards are predicated on rigorous educational programs that meet ACEND standards. It is unlikely that all U.S. master level programs will be accredited by 2024.

摘要： Objective: To verify the effectiveness of a “self-foot-care educational program (SFCEP)” for prevention of type 2 diabetes foot disease. Methods: A single-center, randomized and controlled trial was conducted. Fifty-five patients with type 2 DM, 40 - 75 years of age who were asked to return for a follow-up hospital visit, were allocated to either an SFCEP group (n = 29) or a conventional education program (CEP) group (n = 26). Both of the groups were given foot-care education, monthly for four times in the SFCEP group and in the CEP group one time only by a printed leaflet. The two groups had no statistically significant differences in patient background of the type 2 diabetes history. We evaluated removal rate of skin debris, and the symptoms and conditions of the feet. Results: Between the SFCEP and CEP there were significant differences in removal rate of skin debris (p Conclusion: This study strongly suggests the effectiveness of SFCEP in preventing the occurrence or worsening of diabetic foot diseases.

摘要： Background: Location of death has been used to examine an indicator for good death. This study aims to examine location of death among patients with three major cancers (gastric, liver, and lung) and other factors associated with location of death in South Korea. Methods: We selected the medical and pharmacy claims data for health services and location of death among the 42,596 decedents with cancer (lung 16,632, liver 15,872, gastric 10,092) from 2009 to 2013. We used logistic regressions to identify factors associated with home death. Outcome measures are locations of death (hospital, outpatient clinics or emergency room and home). Results: Only 8.9% died at home whereas 46.5% died in hospital as inpatients. Patients with more than one comorbid cancer or receivers for any supportive care were significantly more likely to die in hospital. Female and younger than 55 years old liver cancer patients were associated with home death. Patients living in metropolitan area, or paying more insurance premium, or being public aid beneficiaries, were associated with home death. Conclusions: The supportive care service use prior to death was significantly associated with increasing odds to hospital death. Being older than 75, or having multiple cancers was significant factors associated with hospital death, whereas living in metropolitan area, lower income or emergency visit were significant factors with home death. These findings are opposite to what is found, as the palliative care and hospice is predominantly hospital-centered. The findings emphasize a need to available end-of-life care in community for dying patients.

摘要： In the High Plains, U.S., native prairie conversion to cropland agriculture has resulted in a loss of service delivery capabilities from most depressional wetlands as a result of sedimentation. Restoring historic hydrological conditions to affected wetlands may rejuvenate some services, however, there may be tradeoffs due to emissions of CH4 and N2O. We evaluated the influence of two predominant conservation programs (Wetlands Reserve Program, WRP and Conservation Reserve Program, CRP) on gas emissions (CO2, CH4, N2O) from 42 playas and uplands in the High Plains of Nebraska. Because playa restoration through the WRP is most prevalent in the Rainwater Basin (RWB), we studied 27 playas/uplands among reference condition, cropland, and WRP land uses. We studied 15 playas/uplands within native grassland, cropland, and CRP land uses in the Western High Plains (WHP) of Nebraska. Emissions were collected bi-weekly from April-October of 2012 and 2013 from four landscape positions extending outward from the wetland center into upland. In RWB playas, CH4 and N2O emissions were similar among land uses but CO2 was 28% higher in cropland than WRP wetlands. Cropland uplands emitted 648% more N2O than reference and WRP uplands. Overall, net CO2-equiv emissions were lower in playas/uplands in WRP, suggesting that benefits of playa restoration may include climate mitigation services as well as increased water storage capacity and biodiversity provisioning. In the WHP, cropland and grassland playas emitted 46 and 23 times more CH4, respectively, than CRP in 2013. Playas in CRP emitted 43% less N2O than cropland playas. In 2013, net emissions for cropland and native grassland playas were 75% and 39% greater, respectively, than CRP playas. In the WHP, the benefits of lower gas emissions must be appropriately weighted against tradeoffs of ecosystem services related to shorter hydroperiods as a result of reduced runoff into playas in CRP.

摘要： Social cognition includes all operations encountered in the process of perceiving, understanding & production of appropriate reactions while confronting with others. These include: social awareness, theory of mind, attributive style, and emotion processing. Social cognition skills have been recognized as a vital component in the rehabilitation process for schizophrenic persons, its strong contributors in social function among individual suffering from schizophrenia. The purpose of this review is to appraise various researches about social cognition and its correlates in addition to evaluating various cognitive interventions targeted toward improving social cognition function among patients group and to find the best techniques to ameliorate social cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Databases were searched from the period from the year 2000 to October 2018. The search terms used were “Social cognition”, emotional management program, schizophrenia. A total of 85 articles were identified and those who meet inclusion criteria including 27 articles. Finding indicates the efficacy of social intervention that targets cognitive aspect in functional abilities of schizophrenic patients and also emotion processing which are significant mediators of social performance aptitudes in patients group.

摘要： The National Estuarine Research Reserve System (NERRS) is an integrated network of 29 protected and coordinated estuarine reserve sites in 23 states and one territory (Puerto Rico) covering more than 525,000 ha of estuarine habitat, adjoining wetlands, and uplands that encompass 19 biogeographical regions along the Atlantic, Gulf of Mexico, and Pacific coasts, as well as the Caribbean Sea and Great Lakes. NERRS is an ecosystem-based research and monitoring network of sites serving as platforms to develop quantitative databases of value to coastal management programs in identifying and tracking short-term variability and long-term changes in the integrity and biodiversity of estuarine systems nationwide due to natural perturbations and anthropogenic disturbances. The reserve sites also play a vital role in assessing coastal issues of local, regional, and national significance for the purpose of sustaining estuarine systems and coastal lands, such as evaluating their responses to climate change and other major stressors to inform coastal decision-making and public awareness for the protection and resilience of natural resources and coastal communities. Over the past four decades, NERRS sites have collected large volumes of research and monitoring data of great utility in characterizing estuarine environments and addressing an array of resource-management concerns, including degraded water quality, loss and alteration of essential habitat, impacted fisheries, invasive species, and conservation.

摘要： We present a unique approach for communication deadlock analysis for actor-model which has an under-approximated analysis result. Our analysis detects narrowly defined communication deadlocks by finding a cyclic dependency relation in a novel dependency graph called the slave dependency graph. The slave dependency graph is based on a new relationship between Actors, slave dependency, defined by us. After that, we implement this theory in Soot, an analysis tool for Java, and use it to analyze actor-based Java program realized by Akka, a Java library that allows actor-based programming. We argue that our analysis can detect a specific kind of communication deadlock with the precise result, but has many limitations.

摘要： 面齿轮传动是一种圆柱齿轮与圆锥齿轮相啮合的齿轮传动,具有承载能力高、重量轻、平稳性好等优点。Pro/E是当今世界上流行的三维软件之一,特别在机械行业应用十分广泛。Program是Pro/E自带的功能强大的二次开发工具,具有方便灵活的参数设计修改等功能。为了实现正交面齿轮的参数化建模,本文利用Pro/E中的Program编程，由面齿轮的齿宽限制条件,实现了对面齿轮的参数化设计,为面齿轮的进一步研究打下基础。

摘要： 面齿轮传动是一种圆柱齿轮与圆锥齿轮相啮合的齿轮传动,具有承载能力高、重量轻、平稳性好等优点。Pro/E是当今世界上流行的三维软件之一,特别在机械行业应用十分广泛。Program是Pro/E自带的功能强大的二次开发工具,具有方便灵活的参数设计修改等功能。为了实现正交面齿轮的参数化建模,本文利用Pro/E中的Program编程，由面齿轮的齿宽限制条件,实现了对面齿轮的参数化设计,为面齿轮的进一步研究打下基础。

摘要： 面齿轮传动是一种圆柱齿轮与圆锥齿轮相啮合的齿轮传动,具有承载能力高、重量轻、平稳性好等优点。Pro/E是当今世界上流行的三维软件之一,特别在机械行业应用十分广泛。Program是Pro/E自带的功能强大的二次开发工具,具有方便灵活的参数设计修改等功能。为了实现正交面齿轮的参数化建模,本文利用Pro/E中的Program编程，由面齿轮的齿宽限制条件,实现了对面齿轮的参数化设计,为面齿轮的进一步研究打下基础。

摘要： 面齿轮传动是一种圆柱齿轮与圆锥齿轮相啮合的齿轮传动,具有承载能力高、重量轻、平稳性好等优点。Pro/E是当今世界上流行的三维软件之一,特别在机械行业应用十分广泛。Program是Pro/E自带的功能强大的二次开发工具,具有方便灵活的参数设计修改等功能。为了实现正交面齿轮的参数化建模,本文利用Pro/E中的Program编程，由面齿轮的齿宽限制条件,实现了对面齿轮的参数化设计,为面齿轮的进一步研究打下基础。

摘要： 本文结合具体实例,就Pro/E的高级应用技术进行了阐述,包括零件族表的建立方法,关系式的增加方法和使用,PROGRAM的应用等方面.综合应用这些技术对于提高Pro/E软件的应用效率,提高系列产品开发能力,加速产品的更新换代步伐有着举足轻重的作用.

摘要： 本文结合具体实例,就Pro/E的高级应用技术进行了阐述,包括零件族表的建立方法,关系式的增加方法和使用,PROGRAM的应用等方面.综合应用这些技术对于提高Pro/E软件的应用效率,提高系列产品开发能力,加速产品的更新换代步伐有着举足轻重的作用.

摘要： 本文结合具体实例,就Pro/E的高级应用技术进行了阐述,包括零件族表的建立方法,关系式的增加方法和使用,PROGRAM的应用等方面.综合应用这些技术对于提高Pro/E软件的应用效率,提高系列产品开发能力,加速产品的更新换代步伐有着举足轻重的作用.

摘要： 本文结合具体实例,就Pro/E的高级应用技术进行了阐述,包括零件族表的建立方法,关系式的增加方法和使用,PROGRAM的应用等方面.综合应用这些技术对于提高Pro/E软件的应用效率,提高系列产品开发能力,加速产品的更新换代步伐有着举足轻重的作用.

摘要： 本文结合具体实例,就Pro/E的高级应用技术进行了阐述,包括零件族表的建立方法,关系式的增加方法和使用,PROGRAM的应用等方面.综合应用这些技术对于提高Pro/E软件的应用效率,提高系列产品开发能力,加速产品的更新换代步伐有着举足轻重的作用.

摘要： 本文结合具体实例,就Pro/E的高级应用技术进行了阐述,包括零件族表的建立方法,关系式的增加方法和使用,PROGRAM的应用等方面.综合应用这些技术对于提高Pro/E软件的应用效率,提高系列产品开发能力,加速产品的更新换代步伐有着举足轻重的作用.