Plateau

摘要： In the silent war against COVID-19,Chinese national traditional medicine (meaning all types of traditional medicine among China’s56 ethnic groups) has been playing significant and irreplaceable roles to save people’s lives.One of the major facets of these traditional practices,especially in the highland plateau region,is the traditional Tibetan medicine.

摘要： The Yarlung Tsangpo River is the longest highland river in China,nourishing an abundance of ecological biodiversity.In recent years,along the two sides of the riverbank on the plateau,environmental protection-oriented plans (involving the manual plantation of grass,returning cultivated lands to grasslands,strengthening affoorestation measures,and promoting biodiversity protection)have been drafted,put into effect,and attained remarkable success.

摘要： A remote place nestled in the Tibetan Plateau where one can enjoy all the high-altitude landscapes and visit an 800-year-old Buddhist temple.IN the remote mid-Hengduan Mountain Range of eastern Tibetan Plateau lies a sacred place that has been worshipped by Tibetan Buddhists for more than eight centuries.The area features towering snow-capped mountains,flat and vast meadows,as well as ravines and crystal clear lakes.The Tibetans call it“Nianqing Gongga Risong Gongbu,”meaning“a holy land guarded by three holy mountains covered with snow all year around.”

摘要： A Closer Look at the Highest Peak in the World Edited by its editorial committee,the book displays the findings of China’s six scientific expeditions to the Mount Qomolangma area and two scientific expeditions to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau systematically for the first time;a detailed map of the 18 viable climbing routes to Mount Qomolangma is provided,as well as a comprehensive introduction on the north ridge route and its camps and first-hand account on the ascent of the peak;the story of the recent remeasurement of the peak is also told;the reader will experience the difficulty of each expedition,ascent,and measurement.Published by SinoMaps Press and priced at 198 yuan(ISBN:9787520422307).

摘要： The Tibetan Plateau(TP),widely known as the Third Pole,is the highest and largest plateau on Earth.The TP not only plays an important role in influencing the atmospheric circulation,surface energy budget,ecology,weather,and climate but also acts as the Asian Water Tower by holding the largest ice mass outside the polar regions to supply fresh water to over 1.4 billion people downstream in Asia(Qin et al.,2006).The observed historical warming and projected future warming over the TP are much stronger than the corresponding global average(Wang et al.,2008).Glaciers on the TP have been retreating extensively in recent decades,driven by atmospheric warming and circulation changes associated with increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and aerosols in the atmosphere,light-absorbing particles(e.g.,black carbon,dust)on snow,and other factors(Duan et al.,2012;Qian et al.,2011;Zhao et al.,2020).In addition,due to the thermal and dynam-ical effects of the TP,as well as its proximity to the stratosphere,unique atmospheric boundary layer structures often develop over the TP and in the surrounding areas,which have important impacts on local weather,climate,and mixing and transport of atmospheric constituents(Zhao et al.,2020).The TP is considered a natural laboratory to study multi-sphere inter-actions.A systematic mechanistic understanding of the atmospheric chemical and microphysical processes,climate change,cryospheric variability,and the subsequent environmental impacts is particularly important in the context of the unpreceden-ted warming over the TP(Yao et al.,2019).

摘要： Objective:To investigate the application of acupoint massage combined with acupoint application in pulmonary rehabilitation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.Methods:Inhaled drugs,oral expectorant,such as conventional treatment,select our hospital on June 6,2019-March 2021 in lung disease clinics,a total of 130 patients with COPD,with digital method of random divided into control group and observation group,65 cases in each group,control group given observation group in the control group on the basis of joint acupoint sticking therapy combined with acupuncture point massage,two groups of treatment for 15 days,respectively,The total effective rate,TCM syndrome score,lung function index and dyspnea degree score(mMRC)were compared between the two groups after treatment.Results:After treatment,the total effective rate was 81.54%in the control group and 93.85%in the observation group.After treatment,the symptoms of cough,expectoration,wheezing,shortness of breath,fatigue,chills and tenderness of waist and knee were significantly improved in the two groups compared with the control group.After treatment,the symptoms of cough,expectoration,wheezing,shortness of breath,fatigue,chills and tenderness of waist and knee were significantly improved in the observation group compared with the control group.Compared with before treatment,FEV1 and FEV1/FVC values in 2 groups were increased(P<0.05),and the two indexes in observation group were better than control group(P<0.05),the differences were statistically significant.MMRC score in 2 groups was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05),and the improvement of mMRC score in observation group was significantly better than that in control group(P<0.05),the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion:Acupoint massage combined with acupoint application can effectively improve the lung function of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,relieve patients with dyspnea,achieve the purpose of promoting pulmonary rehabilitation,clinical efficacy is positive,worthy of promotion.

摘要： Deqen Ngodrup has summited Mount Qomolangma five times.For him,the latest climb on May 4 was the most significant because"it was not an adventure,but an expedition to study the future of Earth."The 34-year-old Tibetan is the leader of the mountaineering team of the Earth Summit Mission 2022.The mission aims to study how the environment of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau has evolved in the last 50 years in response to climate change and how these changes have influenced human society.The ultimate aim of the mission is to identify green development approaches to protect the plateau.

摘要： Southeastern Eurasia is a global window to the Cretaceous paleoclimate and lithosphere coupling.China contains one of the most complete and complex sedimentary records of Mesozoic desert basins on planet Earth.In this study,we perform the spatio-temporal tracking of 96 Cretaceous palaeoclimate indicators during 79 Myr which reveal that the plateau paleoclimate archives from East Asia resulted from an Early to Mid-Cretaceous ocean–atmosphere coupling and a shift to a preponderant role of Late Cretaceous lithosphere dynamics and tectonic forcing on high-altitude depositional systems linked to the subduction margins of the Tethys and Paleo-Pacific realms beneath the Eurasian plate.The crustal response to tectonic processes linked with the spatio-temporal evolution of the Tethyan and Paleo-Pacific margins defined the configuration of major sedimentary basins on this region.The significant increase and decrease in the number of active sedimentary basins that occur during the Cretaceous,from 16 in the Early Cretaceous,to 28 in the Mid-Cretaceous,and a decreasing to 20 sedimentary basins in the Late Cretaceous,is a direct response of lithospheric dynamics associated with the two main subduction zones(Tethys and Pacific domains).A shift in subduction style from an Early Cretaceous Paleo-Pacific Plate slab roll back to a Late Cretaceous flat-slab mode might have triggered regional plateau uplift,blocked intraplate volcanism,thus enhancing the denudation and sediment availability,and created wind corridors that led to the construction and accumulation of extensive Late Cretaceous aeolian sandy deserts(ergs)that covered Mid-Cretaceous plateau salars.At the same time,plateau uplift associated with crustal thickening following terrane assembly in the Tethyan margin triggered altitudinal cryospheric processes in sandy desert systems.Evidence of an active Cretaceous cryosphere in China include ValanginianHauterivian glacial debris flows,Early Aptian geochemical signature of melt waters from extensive ice sheets,and Cenomanian–Turonian ice-rafted debris(IRD).These cryospheric indicators suggest an already uplifted plateau in southeastern Eurasia during the Cretaceous,and the marked correlation between cold plateau paleoclimate archives and marine records suggests a strong ocean-atmosphere coupling during Early and Mid-Cretaceous cold snaps.We thus conclude that lithospheric tectonics during Cretaceous played a fundamental role in triggering high-altitude basin desertification and spatiotemporal plateau paleohydrology variability in the Cretaceous of south-eastern Eurasia.

摘要： BACKGROUND Sarcopenia is an age-related decline in skeletal muscle mass,which depends on an assessment of muscle strength and muscle mass.The diagnostic definition of sarcopenia varies by region.AIM To determine the optimal diagnostic criteria for sarcopenia in a plateau population.Cut off values for the components of diagnostic algorithms for sarcopenia in plateau populations should consider altitude.METHODS One hundred and fifty subjects aged>60 years attending a tertiary comprehensive hospital in the city of Xining(elevation:2260 m)between October and December 2018 were enrolled.Handgrip strength,muscle mass,and physical performance were measured.Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia(AWGS)2019 criteria,Beijing criteria,and Lasha criteria.RESULTS Across diagnostic criteria,there were significant differences in the prevalence of sarcopenia in the overall population and stratified by gender.The prevalence of sarcopenia measured by the AWGS 2019 or Lasha criteria was significantly higher in female compared to male subjects.In males,the prevalence of sarcopenia measured by the Beijing criteria was significantly higher in subjects who identified as Han compared to Minority.In females,there were no significant differences in the prevalence of sarcopenia by ethnicity according to any criteria.CONCLUSION The Lasha criteria provided a lower prevalence of sarcopenia(males,8.7%;females,22.41%;overall,14%)and were able to differentiate between males and females.The Lasha criteria are likely most appropriate for detection of sarcopenia in this plateau population.We recommend the Lasha criteria for detection of sarcopenia in Xining.

摘要： The Yangtze River originates from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,often dubbed the Roof of the World,and receives tributaries from both north and south while flowing eastward towards the sea,nourishing the vast land of China.However,many years of environmentally unfriendly lifestyles and methods of production have left the Yangtze River Economic Belt with some of the worst water environmental problems in China.In March 2016,the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee adopted the Outline of the Yangtze River Economic Belt Development Plan,which elevated ecological protection of the Yangtze River to a national strategic mission and prompted drafting a blueprint for Yangtze protection.