optimization

摘要： In this study,three computational approaches for the optimization of a thermal conduction problem are critically compared.These include a Direct Method(DM),a Genetic Algorithm(GA),and a Pattern Search(PS)technique.The optimization aims to minimize the maximum temperature of a hot medium(a medium with uniform heat generation)using a constant amount of high conductivity materials(playing the role of fixed factor constraining the considered problem).The principal goal of this paper is to determine the most efficient and fastest option among the considered ones.It is shown that the examined three methods approximately lead to the same result in terms of maximum tem-perature.However,when the number of optimization variables is low,the DM is the fastest one.An increment in the complexity of the design and the number of degrees of freedom(DOF)can make the DM impractical.Results also show that the PS algorithm becomes faster than the GA as the number of variables for the optimization rises.

摘要： Precise resources and energy forecasting are important to facilitate the decision-making process in order to achieve higher efficiency and reliability in energy system planning,maintenance,operation,security,and so on.In the past decades,many resources and energy forecasting models have been continuously proposed to increase the forecasting accuracy,especially intelligence models(e.g.,artificial neural networks,support vector regression,evolutionary computation models,etc.).Meanwhile,due to the great development of optimization methods(e.g.,quadratic programming method,differential empirical mode method,evolutionary algorithms,etc.),many novel hybrid methods combined with the above-mentioned intelligent-optimization-based methods have also been proposed to achieve satisfactory forecasting accuracy levels.It is worthwhile to explore the tendency and development of intelligent-optimization-based hybrid methodologies and to enrich their practical performances,particularly for resources and energy forecasting.

摘要： Dear editor,Primal-dual dynamics(PDD)and its variants are prominent first-order continuous-time algorithms to determine the primal and dual solutions of a constrained optimization problem(COP).Due to the simple structure,they have received widespread attention in various fields,such as distributed optimization[1],power systems[2],and wireless communication[3].In view of their wide applications,there are numerous theoretic studies on the convergence properties of PDD and its variants,including the exponential stability analysis[4]-[9].

摘要： This paper developed an optimization technique for groundwater vulnerability in Kano Metropolis, North-Western Nigeria. A combination of DRASTIC is taken from initial letters of seven parameters namely depth to water table (D), net recharge (R), aquifer media (A), soil media (S), topography (T), impact of vadose zone (V) and hydraulic conductivity (C), while GOD also represents groundwater confinement (G), overlaying strata (O), depth of water (D) and multi-criteria evaluation (MCE) techniques were used in the optimization method by integrating other important and sensitive parameters for groundwater pollution, principally the anthropogenic point source pollution parameters (dump site, petroleum stations, automobile shops and under storage tanks). Geographic Information System was used to perform the sensitivity analysis (SA) using the single parameter and map removal sensitivity methods. Result of sensitivity optimization revealed the depth to groundwater (D), net recharge (N), impact of vadose zone (V) from DRASTIC model, and groundwater conferment (G) from GOD model having significant impact on the groundwater vulnerability, respectively. A combination of these four parameters was used to generate DNVG groundwater vulnerability for the area. This suggests that an integration of other point source pollution parameters can enhance the influence of DRASTIC and GOD model parameters on groundwater vulnerability condition. The paper recommends for the application of the optimization method used in this study in another area with similar geological and anthropogenic point source of pollution with a view to validating or improving on it. In this study, several input data, such as anthropogenic point sources of contamination, are added to the existing DRASTIC and GOD model parameters as part of a sensitivity analysis aiming to optimise the performance of the resultant models.

摘要： Coronary heart disease(CHD) has severely impacted the lives and health of patients for ages. Although the modern methods used for the prevention and treatment of CHD have been increasingly perfected,clinical problems remain that require solutions. In the prevention and treatment of CHD with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM), great therapeutic advantages have been demonstrated. However, the expression of its advantages relies on scientific evidence-based research and evaluation, which require further optimization and improvement. Therefore, this review aims to comprehensively emphasize our understanding of the current deficiencies in TCM evidence-based studies and the necessity of adopting scientific evidence-based optimization methods for use in research. In this process, evidence should be produced in a standard manner, and the advantages of TCM patterns should be accurately stated because these factors contribute to efficient transformation and proper verification of the obtained evidence.Additionally, focusing on patient-oriented medicine and doctor-patient relationships is also essential.These methods are of great significance to prove the clinical efficacy of TCM and promote its development.

摘要： The paper proposes a model for a micro-grid architecture incorporating the role of aggregators and renewable sources on the prosumer side, working together to optimize configurations and operations. The final model takes the form of a mixed-integer linear programming model. This model is solved using the CPLEX solver via GAMS by having a consistent data set.

摘要： Optimization of nutrient conditions and growth of Telfairia occidentalis Hooker fil in a hydroponic system was the focus of this study. The study evaluated the growth of T. occidentalis under varying growth media subject to the amount of NPK 20-10-10 granules (25 g, 50 g, 75 g, 100 g, 125 g, and 150 g, respectively) dissolved in water containing micronutrients. The growth media were M25NPK, M50NPK, M75NPK, M100NPK, M125NPK, M150NPK, and Control. Two-week-old seedlings of T. occidentalis raised using River-sand were transferred into the growth media;in four replicates. The growth indices [vine main length (VML), number of leaves (NL), stem girth (SG), petiole length (PL), internode (LI), leaf area (LA), and total leaf area (TLA)] of T. occidentalis were measured weekly. The root length (RL), root fresh weight (RFW), root dry weight (RDW), and pigment components were determined 5 weeks after planting (WAP) following standard procedures. The results recorded indicated that the average pH value (6.74) and sulphate content (0.047 ppm) of the growth media increased while the electrical conductivity (94.443 μS) reduced after 28 days. The proportion of the minerals varied in the hydroponic solutions. Across the growth media, the Control medium had the highest VML, NL, LA, TLA, PL, and pigment composition of T. occidentalis. However, among the NPK growth media, the M25NPK medium effectively enhanced VML, NL, LA, TLA, carotenoid content, RL, RFW, and RDW. The study showed that the mineral composition of the growth media enhanced the growth of T. occidentalis. Hence, M25NPK growth media are recommended for growing T. occidentalis.

摘要： A series of bifunctional Zn Ce@SBA-15 catalysts with different Zn/Ce ratios were prepared by a solid-state grinding strategy and used in the conversion of ethanol to 1,3-butadiene(ETB).For the supported metal oxides,Zn O serves as the active sites for the dehydrogenation of ethanol,and CeO_(2) promotes the aldolcondensation reaction.Based on the results of Py-FTIR and NH_(3)-TPD,it suggests that the yield of 1,3-butadiene is positively correlated with the number of weak Lewis acid sites on the catalyst surface,given their benefit for aldol-condensation reactions.The catalyst with an optimal Zn/Ce ratio of about 1:5 has the highest concentration of weak Lewis acid.Coupling with the Zn O sites,it contributes to a 98.4%conversion of ethanol and a 45.2%selective of 1,3-butadiene under relatively mild reaction conditions(375°C,101.325 k Pa,and 0.54 h^(-1)).

摘要： The promotion of smart manufacturing is a crucial move that will enable Chengdu to build a major growth pole for high-quality national development and shape a new growth powerhouse.In recent years,Chengdu’s capability has made marked progress in smart manufacturing,significantly enhancing the capability for independent innovation,gradually optimizing development factor allocations,relentlessly strengthening pilot and demonstration effects,and constantly emerging collaborative service platforms.The development of Chengdu’s smart manufacturing can be summarized in four points:taking a holistic approach to top-down design,raising policy incentives for innovative talents,creating a favorable environment for industrial innovation,and building service platforms to promote innovation.In the new era,Chengdu should continue to explore the best possible path to smart manufacturing and target high-quality development of local manufacturing industries by making the following efforts:a)optimizing top-down design for better policy guidance;b)focusing on technological innovation to improve corresponding innovation capability;c)forging service platforms to break barriers to development;d)strengthening lateral communications to promote collaborative transformation;and e)building leading enterprises and brands native to Chengdu.

摘要： This paper considers a dynamic optimization problem(DOP)of 1,3-propanediol fermentation process(1,3-PFP).Our main contributions are as follows.Firstly,the DOP of 1,3-PFP is modeled as an optimal control problem of switched dynamical systems.Unlike the existing switched dynamical system optimal control problem,the state-dependent switching method is applied to design the switching rule.Then,in order to obtain the numerical solution,by introducing a discrete-valued function and using a relaxation technique,this problem is transformed into a nonlinear parameter optimization problem(NPOP).Although the gradient-based algorithm is very efficient for solving NPOPs,the existing algorithm is always trapped in a local minimum for such problems with multiple local minima.Next,in order to overcome this challenge,a gradient-based random search algorithm(GRSA)is proposed based on an improved gradient-based algorithm(IGA)and a novel random search algorithm(NRSA),which cannot usually be trapped in a local minimum.The convergence results are also established,and show that the GRSA is globally convergent.Finally,a DOP of 1,3-PFP is provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the GRSA proposed by this paper.

摘要： 基于Compact Particle Swarm Optimization算法的光刻机掩模台微动台的机械参数软测量方法，属于半导体制造装备技术领域及机械参数测量领域。为了解决现有工件台微动部分机械参数估计算法精度差的问题。所述方法包括如下步骤：步骤一：根据掩模台微动台的机械机构及其理论设计，建立微动台的理想运动学模型，确定待测机械参数，建立掩模台微动台含差模型；步骤二：步骤二：给定位置输入，驱动微动台运动产生位移，将实际输出位移与通过建立的掩模台微动台含差模型计算出的输出位移值做差，作为寻优的目标函数；步骤三：根据目标函数，利用Compact Particle Swarm Optimization优化学习算法确定待辨识的机械参数。它用于微动台的机械参数求取。

摘要： 本发明涉及数据投毒技术领域，且公开了针对多轮次数据投毒攻击的Optimized TruthFinder方法，平台发布任务为24小时每个整点由N个工人对某个物体的M个属性进行观察，N个工人接受任务后，平台对N个工人的权重进行初始化，初始化方式为平均权重，每个工人的权重为当工人观测结束后，将观测数据提交到平台中去。该针对多轮次数据投毒攻击的Optimized TruthFinder方法，可以防御隐藏‑攻击策略的数据投毒攻击，缓解传统TruthFinder对于工人权重设置震荡过大的问题，本发明充分考虑了多轮次的数据投毒攻击场景，考虑了恶意工人可能会采取隐藏行为来获得高权重的情况，对传统TruthFinder的权重更新做了进一步限制，使得恶意工人很难在短时间获取高的权重。

摘要： 基于Compact Particle Swarm Optimization算法的光刻机掩模台微动台的机械参数软测量方法，属于半导体制造装备技术领域及机械参数测量领域。为了解决现有工件台微动部分机械参数估计算法精度差的问题。所述方法包括如下步骤：步骤一：根据掩模台微动台的机械机构及其理论设计，建立微动台的理想运动学模型，确定待测机械参数，建立掩模台微动台含差模型；步骤二：给定位置输入，驱动微动台运动产生位移，将实际输出位移与通过建立的掩模台微动台含差模型计算出的输出位移值做差，作为寻优的目标函数；步骤三：根据目标函数，利用Compact Particle Swarm Optimization优化学习算法确定待辨识的机械参数。它用于微动台的机械参数求取。