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1.[标准] Safe Use of Lasers

激光的安全使用

发布单位：
美国-美国激光研究所(US-LLAA)

标准状态：
历史

标准号：
LIA Z136.1-2007

发布时间：
2007-03-16

中标分类：
-

国标分类：
-

实施时间：

摘要： New Expanded Revision!The parent document and cornerstone of the Z136 series of laser safety standards, the revised ANSI Z136.1 (2007) provides guidance for the safe use of lasers and laser systems by defining control measures for each of the four laser classes.As a result of advances in laser devices and applications, new guidelines have been incorporated into this 2007 revision. The new revision should be obtained by all laser end users and is a must for users of class 3B and 4 lasers as it renders all previous editions obsolete. Since the ANSI Z136.1 standard is the foundation of laser safety programs for industrial, military, medical, and educational applications nationwide, revisions to the previous version can and will affect the training and practice of laser safety in these environments. Changes to the previous version include the addition of new laser hazard classification definitions, new requirements for refresher training, and changes to medical surveillance requirements. The ANSI Z136.1 (2007) standard provides an updated and thorough set of guidelines for implementing a safe laser program.In addition to these changes, the standard covers laser safety program provisions including the duties and responsibilities of the LSO, non-beam hazards, administrative/engineering control measures, definitions, optical density, nominal hazard zone (NHZ), MPEs, accessible emission limit (AEL), bioeffects, standard operating procedures (SOPs), and example calculations.CONTENTS1. General1.1 Scope1.2 Application1.3 Laser Safety Program2. Definitions3. Hazard Evaluation and Classification3.1 General3.2 Laser Considerations3.3 Laser and Laser System Hazard Classification Definitions3.4 Environment in Which the Laser is Used3.5 Personnel4. Control Measures4.1 General Considerations4.2 Substitution of Alternate Control Measures (Class 3B or Class 4)4.3 Engineering Controls4.4 Administrative and Procedural Controls (Class 3B and Class 4)4.5 Special Considerations4.6 Protective Equipment4.7 Area Warning Signs and Labels5. Education and Training5.1 General5.2 Refresher Training5.3 Trainer Qualifications5.4 LSO Training5.5 User Training6. Medical Examinations6.1 Examinations Following a Suspected or Actual Laser-Induced Injury6.2 Medical Surveillance6.3 General Procedures6.4 Frequency of Medical Examinations7. Non-Beam Hazards7.1 General7.2 Physical Agents7.3 Chemical Agents7.4 Biological Agents7.5 Human Factors8. Criteria for Exposures of Eye and Skin8.1 Ocular Exposures From Point Sources and Extended Sources8.2 MPE for Ocular Exposures8.3 Special Qualifications for Ocular Exposures8.4 MPE for Skin Exposure to a Laser Beam9. Measurements9.1 General9.2 Point Source and Extended Source Measurements9.3 Instruments10. Revision of Standards Referred to in this Document10.1 ANSI Standards10.2 Other Standards and CodesTablesFiguresAppendix A - HIndex
2.[标准] Safe Use of Lasers Outdoors

在户外安全使用激光

发布单位：
美国-美国激光研究所(US-LLAA)

标准状态：
历史

标准号：
LIA Z136.6-2005

发布时间：
2005-01-01

中标分类：
-

国标分类：
-

实施时间：

摘要： This standard provides guidance for the safe use of lasers in an outdoor environment. It covers product performance of lasers used outdoors including those that have been granted a variance or exemption from the provisions of the Federal product performance standard (21 CFR 1040). Products and applications covered:Laser Light ShowsMilitary LasersLasers used for outdoor scientific researchWireless optical communications systems deployed outdoorsThe standard also covers possible indirect hazards such as visual interference at night to pilots during take-off and landing.Intended to be used in conjunction with the ANSI Z136.1.
3.[标准] Safe Use of Lasers in Health Care Facilities

在医疗设施中安全使用激光

发布单位：
美国-美国激光研究所(US-LLAA)

标准状态：
历史

标准号：
LIA Z136.3-2005

发布时间：
2005-01-06

中标分类：
-

国标分类：
-

实施时间：

摘要： Designing a laser safety program can't be based on intuition. You need facts. You need the rules. You need the revised Z136.3 for Safe Use of Lasers in Health Care Facilities laser safety standard. The revised Z136.3 is recognized as the definitive document on laser safety in all healthcare environments.The ANSI Z136.3 is a must for hospitals, medical centers, and clinics using medical laser systems.