ASTM D8121/D8121M-19 Standard Test Method for Approximating the Shear Strength of Cohesive Soils by the Handheld Vane Shear Device

用手持叶片剪切装置逼近粘性土抗剪强度的标准试验方法

基本信息

标准号

ASTM D8121/D8121M-19

标准状态

现行

发布单位或类别

美国-美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM);

发布日期

实施日期

废止日期

CCS分类

ICS分类

13.080.01 土质、土壤学 - 土质和土壤学综合

研制信息

起草单位

- 展开▼

起草人

归口单位

D18.05

摘要

1.1This test method describes approximating the shear strength of cohesive soils using a handheld (pocket) vane shear device.1.2The device allows for a simple and portable method for measuring the approximate undrained shear strength of saturated, fine-grained, cohesive soils. The test method can be used in the field or in the laboratory, on the ends of sample tubes, on the surface of block samples or excavations, or on the surface of other test specimens with rigid confinement.1.3Units—The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units [given in brackets] are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Tables of critical dimensions and tolerances of the described vanes are provided in separate units of inches and mm.Note 1:The original shear vane device was developed when shear strength was often reported in tons per square foot (TSF) or kilograms per square centimeter (kg/cm2) which are approximately equivalent. These units have prevailed within the industry and are adopted herein.1.4All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in PracticeD6026, unless superseded by this test method.1.4.1The procedures used to specify how data are collected, recorded, and calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives, and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this test method to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design.1.5This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. ====== Significance And Use ======5.1The handheld shear vane method provides a rapid method of measuring the approximate undrained shear strength of a fine-grained, cohesive soil either in the field or laboratory. This standard does not supplement or replaceD4648.5.2The device is intended for use in saturated cohesive soils for determining their approximate undrained shear strength. Cohesive soils with appreciable amounts of silt or fine sand may experience some degree of drainage during shear and adversely affect the results.Note 2:The user will probably not know at the time of testing if the material is saturated. However, that would not preclude using the device for less than saturated conditions based on the knowledge and experience of the user.5.3The presence of coarse materials or heterogeneous soils within the testing volume will adversely affect the results and may preclude the use of this test method.5.4The handheld shear vane test is not used to duplicate any particular field conditions but supplements the overall investigative program. However, consistent physical parameters are used in the test such that correlations of shear strength data can be made to evaluate variability of a deposit, assess sample quality, assist in planning of laboratory testing programs, and to classify the consistency.Note 3:The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of PracticeD3740are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with PracticeD3740does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; PracticeD3740provides a means of evaluating some of those factors. 1.1本试验方法描述了使用手持（袖珍）叶片剪切装置近似粘性土的剪切强度。1.2该装置提供了一种简单、便携的方法，用于测量饱和细粒粘性土壤的近似不排水抗剪强度。该试验方法可在现场或实验室、样品管端部、块状样品或挖掘表面或其他刚性约束试样表面上使用。1.3单位-以英寸-磅单位或国际单位（括号中给出）表示的值应单独视为标准值。每个系统中规定的值可能不是精确的等效值；因此，每个系统应相互独立使用。将两个系统的值合并可能会导致-符合标准。所述叶片的临界尺寸和公差表以英寸和毫米为单位提供。注1:最初的剪切叶片装置是在剪切强度通常以吨/平方英尺（TSF）或千克/平方厘米（kg/cm）为单位时开发的2.)近似相等。这些装置在行业内占主导地位，并在本文中采用。1.4所有观察值和计算值应符合实践中确定的有效数字和舍入准则D6026，除非被本试验方法取代。1.4.1本标准中用于规定如何收集、记录和计算数据的程序被视为行业标准。此外，它们代表了通常应保留的有效数字。使用的程序不考虑材料变化、获取数据的目的、特殊目的研究或用户目标的任何考虑因素，通常做法是增加或减少报告数据的有效数字，以与这些考虑因素相称。考虑工程设计分析方法中使用的有效数字超出了本测试方法的范围。1.5本标准并非旨在解决与其使用相关的所有安全问题（如有）。本标准的用户有责任在使用前制定适当的安全、健康和环境实践，并确定监管限制的适用性。1.6本国际标准是根据世界贸易组织技术性贸易壁垒（TBT）委员会发布的《关于制定国际标准、指南和建议的原则的决定》中确立的国际公认标准化原则制定的。====意义和用途======5.1手持剪切叶片法提供了一种在现场或实验室快速测量细粒粘性土壤近似不排水剪切强度的方法。本标准不补充或取代D4648.5.2该装置旨在用于饱和粘性土，以确定其近似不排水抗剪强度。含有大量粉土或细砂的粘性土在剪切过程中可能会经历一定程度的排水，并对结果产生不利影响。注2:用户在测试时可能不知道材料是否饱和。然而，根据用户的知识和经验，这并不妨碍在低于饱和的条件下使用该设备。5.3试验体积内存在粗材料或非均质土壤将对结果产生不利影响，并可能妨碍使用本试验方法。5.4手持式剪切叶片试验不用于复制任何特定的现场条件，而是对整体调查程序的补充。然而，试验中使用了一致的物理参数，因此可以建立抗剪强度数据的相关性，以评估沉积物的可变性，评估样品质量，协助规划实验室试验计划，并对一致性进行分类。注3:本标准产生的结果的质量取决于执行该标准的人员的能力，以及所用设备和设施的适用性。符合实践标准的机构D3740通常认为能够胜任和客观的测试/采样/检查等。本标准的用户应注意遵守惯例D3740本身并不能保证可靠的结果。可靠的结果取决于许多因素；实践D3740提供了一种评估其中一些因素的方法。展开▼

关联标准

代替如下标准

1.ASTM D8121/D8121M-18 Standard Test Method for Approximating the Shear Strength of Cohesive Soils by the Handheld Vane Shear Device。

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