AWWA WQTC55149 Hollow Fiber Ultrafiltration to Concentrate Viruses From Environmental Waters

中空纤维超滤浓缩环境水中的病毒

基本信息

标准号

AWWA WQTC55149

标准状态

现行

发布单位或类别

美国-美国给水工程协会(US-AWWA);

发布日期

实施日期

废止日期

CCS分类

ICS分类

研制信息

起草单位

- 展开▼

起草人

归口单位

摘要

Current methods for the concentration of viruses from environmental waters use adsorption to microfilters and elution off the membrane as the initial steps to recover viruses. The efficiency of viral recovery by the adsorption/elution process can be affected by water quality, such as pH, salinity, turbidity and target virus. The use of ultrafiltration as a concentration method utilizes size exclusion rather than viral adsorption/elution to concentrate viral particles. In the first set of experiments, we used a large-scale (100L) and a small-scale (~2-3L) 50,000 MWCO polyacrylonitrile hollow fiber ultrafilter system to recover three model viruses in laboratory samples. For each experiment, the initial viral suspension (input), filtered sample (permeate) and final concentrate (retentate) were collected and analyzed by plaque assay to determine viral concentration and recovery efficiency. Each experiment was performed in triplicate using the three model viruses (bacteriophage PP7 and T1 and poliovirus type 2). Recoveries of 71% (T1), 70% (PP7), and 82% (poliovirus 2) were observed in ground water and 70% (T1), 86% (PP7) and 69% (poliovirus 2) in surface waters using the large-scale system. Similar recoveries were observed in the small-scale system. Additional experiments concentrated 100L of surface water through a two-step filtration process. Recoveries of ~100% (T1), 66% (PP7) and 56% (poliovirus 2) were observed. The results from these experiments suggest that viral recoveries of50% can be achieved for all three model viruses when filtering water from 100L to ~200ml. Includes 20 references, tables, figures. 目前，从环境水体中浓缩病毒的方法是将吸附到微滤器上并从膜上洗脱作为回收病毒的初始步骤。通过吸附/洗脱过程回收病毒的效率可能会受到水质的影响，例如pH值、盐度、浊度和目标病毒。超滤作为浓缩方法的使用利用大小排斥而不是病毒吸附/洗脱来浓缩病毒颗粒。在第一组实验中，我们使用大型（100L）和小型（~2-3L）50000 MWCO聚丙烯腈中空纤维超滤系统在实验室样本中回收三种模型病毒。对于每个实验，收集初始病毒悬浮液（输入）、过滤样本（渗透液）和最终浓缩液（滞留液），并通过菌斑分析进行分析，以确定病毒浓度和回收效率。使用三种模型病毒（噬菌体PP7和T1以及脊髓灰质炎病毒2型）进行每个实验，一式三份。使用大型系统在地下水中观察到71%（T1）、70%（PP7）和82%（脊髓灰质炎病毒2）的回收率，在地表水中观察到70%（T1）、86%（PP7）和69%（脊髓灰质炎病毒2）的回收率。在小规模系统中也观察到类似的回收率。另外的实验通过两步过滤过程浓缩了100升地表水。回收率分别为100%（T1）、66%（PP7）和56%（脊髓灰质炎病毒2）。这些实验的结果表明，当过滤从100L到~200ml的水时，三种模型病毒的回收率都可以达到50%。包括20个参考文献、表格和图表。展开▼

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