Method and illumination and detection device for optimizing parameters of a physical light propagation model, in particular a light propagation model in (confocal) laser microscopy in the raster method, comprising the following steps:(a) maintaining a physical model of light propagation in an optical system, in particular light propagation in a microscope;(b) irradiation of an input light distribution I0 with a lighting unit into an excitation path of the optical system;(c) traverse the light distribution I0 through a scattering body, the scattering body being placed in the excitation path of the optical system and altering the input light distribution I0 to a transmission light distribution ITR or to an I0 to a reflection light distribution IRE;(d) recording ITR transmission light distribution or IRE reflection light distribution;(e) transfer of the recorded ITR transmission light distribution or IRE reflection light distribution to the MLight model;f) Calculation of transmission distortion parameters VTR of model MLicht based on the recorded transmission light distribution ITR, wherein transmission distortion parameters VTR characterize in particular the scattering body.
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