An electromagnetic locking and releasing mechanism for satellite-rocket separation, and an electromagnetic locking and releasing method. The electromagnetic locking and releasing mechanism comprises: a frame (1), an ejection unit, a satellite unit, a locking and releasing unit and a locking and releasing driving unit; the ejection unit comprises an ejection spring (2), an ejection ejector rod (3) and a spring sleeve (4); the locking and releasing unit comprises a locking pin (10), a locking slider (11), an unlocking spring (12) and a base (13); and the locking and releasing driving unit comprises an electromagnet limiting nut (14), an electromagnet movable core (15) and an electromagnet (16). The electromagnetic locking and releasing mechanism for satellite-rocket separation is a point-type positioning locking and releasing mechanism used for separation between a microsatellite and a rocket which can be repeatedly tested, and can realize reliable locking and reliable separation between a satellite and a rocket in a complex mechanical environment; the separation test can be repeatedly performed on the ground; the separation is a mechanism action, and is pollution-free; and the separation action is a continuous mechanism action and has no impact on the satellite, thereby reducing the cost of satellite development.
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