METHOD OF USING ACOUSTIC-EMISSION DATA COLLECTION FOR COMPLEX TECHNICAL MONITORING AND FORECASTING OF THE STATE OF CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNOLOGICAL STRUCTURES

摘要

FIELD: construction or technological structures.;SUBSTANCE: invention is used for complex technical monitoring and forecasting of the state of construction and technological structures by means of acoustic-emission data collection. The essence of the invention is that at least two sensors are attached to the surface of the structure that capture acoustic signals received from dynamically developing defects in the structure, as well as at least one vibration displacement sensor, at least one structure tilt sensor and at least one linear structure displacement sensor. The received acoustic signals from the sensors, as well as the signals from the vibration displacement sensors, tilt sensors and linear displacement sensors received at the previous stage, are stored. The location of the defect is determined by the difference in the time of reception of similar acoustic signals from the sensors, and the type of defect is determined by the nature of the acoustic signal. Stored acoustic signals are divided into at least four groups according to their source. A passive source is characterized by a monotonous decrease in the activity, amplitude and/or energy of the signal over time and saturation of the acoustic emission parameters. An active source is characterized by quasi-constant values of activity, amplitude and/or energy over time and a linear dependence of the acoustic emission parameters on the time. A critically active source is characterized by a constant increase in the values of activity, amplitude and/or energy in time and a deviation from the linear time dependence in the direction of increasing the values of the acoustic emission parameters. A super-critically active source is characterized by a further significant increase in the values of the activity, amplitude, and/or energy in time and a substantial deviation from the linear time dependence in the direction of increasing the values of the acoustic emission parameters. The signals from vibration displacement sensors, tilt sensors, and linear displacement sensors are considered critical or supercritical, if at least one of them goes beyond the pre-set limits, or if going beyond the set limits is of high value. ;EFFECT: invention is aimed at providing the ability to predict the occurrence of critical events associated with internal malfunctions of construction or technological structures.;1 cl