A spatial distribution and source analysis method and device for heavy metals in cultivated soil. The method comprises: on the basis of GPS positioning, uniformly selecting corresponding regions for cultivated soil sample sampling, and obtaining cultivated soil samples (S11); performing data extraction processing on the cultivated soil samples to obtain extraction data (S12), the extraction data comprising heavy metal concentration data and soil pH value data, and heavy metals comprising Cd, Hg, Pb, Cr, and As; and performing spatial distribution and source analysis processing on the heavy metals in the cultivated soil on the basis of the extraction data, and obtaining spatial distribution characteristics and source correlation of the heavy metals in the cultivated soil (S13). A heavy metal space simulation diagram of the cultivated soil obtained by the method basically conforms to actual spatial distribution; quantitative analysis is performed on the heavy metal source and the contribution of the cultivated soil, thereby providing an effective theoretical basis for identifying and controlling the heavy metal source of the soil.
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