An improved process and apparatus for the conversion of heavy hydrocarbon oils into lighter hydrocarbon oils

摘要

261,077. Wright, H. T., and Esling, F. Aug. 10, 1925. Hydrocarbons, cracking. - In # vapour-phase process for converting heavy into light hydrocarbon oils, oil drawn by a pump 2 from a tank 1 is forced through a heating coil 14 in a furnace 3, and is discharged into the upper part of a vapourseparating chamber 4, which is heated by a jacket of furnace gases. The vapours are passed through a furnace-heated cracking coil 5 into an expansion chamber 6, which may contain a cooling-surface, and thence to a deplegmator 9, a fractional condenser which condenses kerosine, and to a final condenser 10 and condensate-receiver 11. The unvaporized residue from the chamber 4 may be passed through the apparatus when a heavier oil is being treated, or may be distilled and the distillate passed through the apparatus. The, oil from the chamber 6, after settling to remove carbon, is passed into the tank 1. The cracking coil 5 may contain baffle plates or a solid material which acts as a catalyst-