Improvements in or relating to frequency and phase shifters and modulators for very high frequency electro-magnetic waves

摘要

787,522. Waveguide accessories. MARCONI'S WIRELESS TELEGRAPH CO., Ltd. Feb. 17, 1956 [May 5, 1955], No. 13034/55. Class 40 (8). [Also in Group XL (c)] A frequency or phase-shifter or modulator comprises a ferrite element arranged in a waveguide and subjected to a magnetizing field of intensity and direction chosen to produce reflection of one plane-polarized component and transmission of the other plane-polarized component of a circularly-polarized wave. Planepolarized wave energy from a rectangular waveguide 1 is converted to a circularly-polarized mode by a quarter-wave plate 5 situated in a short length 4 of circular waveguide. A slug 6 of ferrite terminated in a conductive plate 7 is situated at the end of the guide 4, and is subjected to a magnetic field perpendicular to the direction of propagation produced by pairs of coils 8, 9. The effective permeability of the slug depends upon the angle between the direction of magnetic polarization and the direction of magnetization, being unity for a direction of polarization parallel to the magnetizing field and of some other value, dependent upon the strength of the field, for a direction of polarization at right angles to the field. By adjustment of the field this latter value may be made zero so that one of the orthogonal components of the circularly polarized wave is reflected at the face of the ferrite slug. The other orthogonal component is propagated through the ferrite and reflected at the termination 7. If the slug is made one quarter-wavelength long the two components will suffer a relative phase shift of 180 degrees and will recombine at the face of the slug to form a circularly polarized wave of sense opposite to that of the forward wave. The reflected wave is transformed to a plane-polarized wave by the plate 5 and is fed to the terminal 12 of a directional coupler 2. By means of the phase-splitting circuit shown the pairs of coils 8, 9 may be fed in phase quadrature to produce a rotating magnetic field. It may be shown that the effect of the rotating field is to shift the frequency of the propagated energy by Π2n where n is the number of revolutions per second of the field.