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process for the production of bauschgarnartigen materials

机译:博士生纳尔滕原材料的生产方法

摘要

1,235,121. Producing yarn-like products by fibrillation. IMPERIAL CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES Ltd. 8 Jan., 1969 [25 Jan., 1968], No. 4003/68. Heading B5B. Bulky yarn-like materials are produced by forming a synthetic organic thermoplastic polymeric substance into at least one ribbon or tape, longitudinally orienting the ribbon or tape, mechanically crimping the oriented ribbon or tape, heat treating the crimped ribbon or tape to set the crimp and fibrillating the crimped ribbon or tape. The products obtained comprise a bundle of fibrils having a sinusoidal or sawtooth crimp joined together in a random network. The term "ribbon" is defined as an elongated structure wider than it is thick which is produced by extrusion of the molten polymer or a solution thereof through a die having one or more extrusion slots, solidifying the ribbon and winding up or forwarding the ribbon to the next step at a linear speed preferably somewhat in excess of the linear extrusion rate. The term "tape" is defined as an elongated structure of ribbon form which in this case is produced by melt extruding or casting the polymer to form a film which is longitudinally slit before or after orientation into a number of narrower widths. The ribbons and tapes usually have a rectangular crosssection, but may consist of thick and thin longitudinal ribs alternating transversely across the width, having been produced by extrusion through a die comprising a straight row of circular holes joined by narrow slots. The orientation of the ribbon or tape is preferably effected while it is in a heated but not thermoplastic state. The process of the invention is preferably carried out in a continuous manner, but may be carried out in two or more stages, the ribbon or tape being collected in a temporary package between one stage and the next. The mechanical crimping of the ribbon or tape may be effected by passing the oriented ribbon or tape through a stuffer box or gear crimper of known form which produce crimp of a sinusoidal or sawtooth form or by passage over a narrow heated edge which produces a helical crimp. Two or more ribbons or tapes may be simultaneously passed through the stuffer box or gear crimper in superimposed relationship. The crimp inserted is set by a heat treatment at a temperature below the softening point of the ribbon or tape and, preferably, at a temperature at which crystallization occurs at a fairly rapid rate. This heat treatment may conveniently be carried out by passing steam or hot air through the downstream part of the stuffer box or by heating the ribbon or tape prior to crimping or by heating one or both of the gear crimping wheels. Alternatively the crimped material may be heat treated in a relaxed condition by passing it through a hot air oven on a slowly moving foraminous conveyer. It is desirable to allow the crimped heat set material to cool before the fibrillating step. The thermoplastic substances used may be polyamides, polyesters, polyolefines, vinylidene chloride copolymers, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile or acrylonitrile copolymers. An additional bulking effect may be produced by using conjugate ribbons or tapes composed of layers of polymeric substances possessing different shrinkage properties either on release of drawing tension or in a relaxed heat treatment. The fibrillation of the crimped ribbon or tape may be effected by high-speed twisting or false-twisting, but it is preferred to use a jet of a turbulent fluid, preferably gaseous, such as air or steam to effect fibrillation as this may allow both a heat treatment and a relaxation to be effected in the same piece of apparatus. Stress points, lines or areas may be introduced into the ribbon or tape prior to fibrillation, preferably prior to crimping and more preferably prior to orientation. Such prestressing of the ribbon or tape may be introduced by, for example, passing the undrawn ribbon or tape (or film from which the tape is cut) through embossed nip rolls prior to orientation. Alternatively a freshly extruded film may be cast on to an engraved or patterned roller in place of the smooth roller usually used.
机译:1,235,121。通过原纤化生产类似纱线的产品。帝国化学工业有限公司,1969年1月8日[1968年1月25日],第4003/68号。标题B5B。通过将合成的有机热塑性聚合物质制成至少一条带或带,将带或带纵向定向,机械卷曲定向的带或带,对卷曲的带或带进行热处理以设定卷曲度,并制成卷状材料,来生产大块的纱线状材料。使卷曲的色带或胶带原纤化。所获得的产品包括一束原纤维或锯齿状卷曲的原纤维束,它们在无规网络中连接在一起。术语“色带”定义为宽于其厚度的细长结构,该结构是通过将熔融聚合物或其溶液通过具有一个或多个挤出槽的模具挤出,固化色带并卷绕或前进至色带而产生的。以线性速度进行的下一步优选稍微超过线性挤出速率。术语“带”定义为带状的细长结构,在这种情况下,是通过熔融挤出或流延聚合物以形成膜而形成的,该膜在取向之前或之后被纵切成多个较窄的宽度。带和带通常具有矩形的横截面,但是可以由在宽度方向上横向交替的厚的和薄的纵向肋条组成,这些肋条是通过通过模头挤出而制成的,该模头包括由窄缝连接的直排圆形孔。带或带的取向优选在其处于加热但非热塑性状态时进行。本发明的方法优选地以连续方式进行,但是可以以两个或更多个阶段进行,带或带被收集在一个阶段与下一个阶段之间的临时包装中。带或带的机械压接可通过使定向的带或带通过已知形式的填塞箱或齿轮压接器来实现,该填塞器或带形压接器产生正弦或锯齿形的压接,或通过在狭窄的加热边缘上通过,从而产生螺旋形的压接。两个或更多的色带或带可以重叠的方式同时通过填料函或齿轮压接机。通过热处理在低于带或带的软化点的温度下,优选在以相当快的速率发生结晶的温度下设定插入的压接。可以通过使蒸汽或热空气流经填充箱的下游部分,或在卷边之前加热带或带,或通过加热一个或两个齿轮卷边轮来方便地进行这种热处理。可替代地,可以通过使卷曲的材料通过缓慢移动的有孔输送机上的热空气炉而在松弛状态下进行热处理。期望在原纤化步骤之前使卷曲的热固性材料冷却。所使用的热塑性物质可以是聚酰胺,聚酯,聚烯烃,偏二氯乙烯共聚物,聚苯乙烯,聚丙烯腈或丙烯腈共聚物。通过使用由具有不同收缩特性的聚合物质层组成的共轭带或带,可以产生额外的膨松效果,所述共轭带或带在拉伸张力释放时或在松弛的热处理中具有不同的收缩特性。卷曲的带或带的原纤化可以通过高速扭曲或假捻来实现,但是优选使用湍流的流体,优选为气态的射流,例如空气或蒸汽,以进行原纤化,因为这可以使两者同时发生。在同一装置中进行热处理和松弛。可以在原纤化之前,优选在卷曲之前并且更优选在取向之前,将应力点,线或区域引入带或带中。可以通过例如在取向之前使未拉伸的带或带(或从中切割带的膜)穿过压纹的压料辊来引入带或带的这种预应力。替代地,可以代替通常使用的光滑辊将新挤出的膜流延到雕刻或图案化的辊上。

著录项

  • 公开/公告号DE000001903650A

    专利类型

  • 公开/公告日1969-09-04

    原文格式PDF

  • 申请/专利权人 ICI LTD;

    申请/专利号DE1903650A

  • 发明设计人 GEOFFREY BLACKER JOHN;

    申请日1969-01-24

  • 分类号D02G1/00;

  • 国家 DE

  • 入库时间 2022-08-23 12:04:56

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