Process and equipment for gasifying carbonaceous wastes, if appropriate with addition of toxic and highly toxic wastes, to give synthesis gas

摘要

In a process for gasifying carbonaceous wastes, biomasses and also hazardous wastes, if appropriate with addition of toxic and highly toxic wastes, to give synthesis gas, the substances to be gasified are, together with a crude gas part stream recycled from an iron bath reactor, subjected to a pyrolysis at temperatures from about 400 to 1100 DEG C in a fluidised-bed reactor. Pyrolysis coke comminuted to about 0 to 3 mm and, if necessary, further heat generator is added to the pyrolysis gas containing the fine pyrolysis coke and the mixture is passed into an iron bath reactor, which is fed with oxygen as oxidising agent. Toxic or highly toxic substances can be charged to the fluidised-bed pyrolysis or, if they cannot be processed therein, can be added to the gas stream fed to the iron bath reactor. The equipment for carrying out the process consists of a combination of a fluidised-bed reactor 10 with an iron bath reactor 71. The melting vessel contains a plinth 75 in which the nozzles for introducing pyrolysis gas, oxygen and loaded solids are arranged at an angle relative to one another. IMAGE