The excitation signal is amplitude-modulated by a random generator (9) using a cyclic pseudo-random sequence. The response signal is correlated with a correlation sequence formed directly or derived from a fixed equation. The correlation is performed using a computer either in an analogue operating mode by a correlator (13), with the direct use of the correlation sequence on the response signal and the pulsed time shift, or in a digital operation mode, after recoding the response signal across a complete cycle of the pseudo-random sequence.
展开▼