The integration of data driven models such as self-organising maps (SOMs), Kohonen maps, decision trees & neural networks with knowledge based logic models such as Bayesian networks, proxy models & expert systems. An implementation may include determining recommended action(s) using a reasoning component having a data-driven modelling portion and a knowledge-based portion. Such determining includes integrating one or more determination aspects determined by the data-driven modelling portion, and one or more additional determination aspects determined by the knowledge-based portion. Applications include suggesting recommended actions in process control, management and production environments, including oilfield production operations.
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