METHOD OF ECOLOGICAL MONITORING OF FORESTS

摘要

FIELD: agriculture.;SUBSTANCE: method of ecological monitoring of forests includes remote registration of brightness fields of forest vegetation with aerospace equipment. Remote registration of brightness fields of forest vegetation is accomplished by sensing multi-or hyperspectral sensor in the green G (450-550 nm), red R (550-670 nm) and near-infrared NIR (670-950 nm) bands of the spectrum with simultaneous obtaining of digital images for each band. Expectation value of signals (M_G, M_R, M_NIR) are calculated in each band, a matrix of the resulting image is formed by pixel adding of images of G, R, NIR. Signs of forest pathology are calculated as an index of vitality g=M_G/(M_G+M_R), lesion index R=M_R/(M_G+M_R), the normalised differential index of producing phytomass NDVI=(M_NIR-M_R)/( M_NIR +M_R), the area of reliefs of leaf canopies of image R and the resulting image, respectively, S_pR, S_p0, the average frequency of the spatial spectrums of the image R and the resulting image 0, respectively F_avR, F_av0. Degree of weakening Q of forest crop at the area S_o is determined by a calibrated standard regressional relationship of the form: Q≈0.6(NDVI g)^-1[r(l-NDVI)^1/3("П"_R/"П"₀)(D_R/D₀)^1,2, where: "П"_R, "П"₀ are estimated completeness of forest crop calculated by the reliefs squares of the corresponding matrices "П"_R=S_pR/S₀, "П"₀=S_p0/S₀; D_R, D₀ are the average tree head diametres equal to, respectively, D_r=1/F_avR, D₀=1/F_av0.;EFFECT: method provides speed and accuracy of estimation of ecological state of forest areas.;6 dwg, 2 tbl, 1 ex