OIL EXTRACTED MEAL (CAKE) LESS CONCENTRATE FEED FOR RUMINANTS; CHEMICAL CONSTITUTENTS, PRODUCTION METHODOLOGY, STORAGE AND USES

摘要

The present invention "OIL EXTRACTED MEAL (CAKE) LESS CONCENTRATE FEED FOR RUMINANTS: CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS, PRODUCTION METHODOLOGY, STORAGE AND USES" related to the production of concentrate feed for ruminant feeding without use of conventional cakes as protein supplement to reduce economic efficiency of ruminant livestock feeding and production. Investigated concentrate substituted expensive protein feed resource by guar korma and urea with characteristics of improved economic efficiency, meeting the nutrient need of maintenance and production of adult and lactating ruminants. Guar korma have bioactive metabolites that improve the neutraceutical properties of animal produce. The investigation involve processing of feed components, formulations of pre-mix, production of pellets, cooling, storage and uses in animal feeding. The concentrate feed pellet manufactured used energy feeds, guar korma and urea as only protein sources, molasses, mineral mixture and salt. The pre-mix of these feed resources was then moistened for pellet preparation using industrial pelleting machine. Concentrate pellet thus obtained cooled at room temperature and stored in gunny bags for animal feeding. Investigated concentrate pellet contained crude protein 17 percent, crude fat 4 percent, total ash 6 percent, neutral detergent fiber 24.8 percent, cellulose 12.5 percent and total carbohydrate 73 percent, which was fed to have 50 percent daily dry matter intake through investigated pellet. Present invention is concentrate feed for supplementary feeding in ruminants did not use cakes as protein supplement. Investigation reduced cost by Rs. 500-900 for each 100kg of concentrate feed production thus having higher economic efficiency. Investigated concentrate feeding as per requirement considering nutrient need of maintenance and milk production, animals maintained milk production and their chemical constituent, nutrient intake and digestibility, live weights, hemato-biochemical constituents and rumen fermentation metabolites, with sound health and, body coat and colour. Manufactured Indian Council of Agricultural Research Sheet No. 11 of 12 concentrate pellet relished by animal. Therefore, investigated concentrate feed can be used in ruminant animal feeding as concentrate supplement for optimum productivity, health, efficiency of feed utilization and higher economic efficiency.