In order to detect a fault-based attack, a payload data is selectively initialized by determining consistency of the payload data stored in a plurality of temporal registers included in a secure memory device. A count value included in the payload data is selectively increased by detecting if a fault is entered from the outside during a processing operation of the security data stored in the secure memory device. Based on the count value and a threshold value, a fault entered externally is determined whether the fault is occurred due to the fault-based attack or not. [Reference numerals] (AA) Start; (BB) End; (S100) Determine consistency of payload data and selectively initialize the payload data; (S200) Detect if a fault is entered from the outside during a processing operation of security data and selectively increase a count value included in the payload data; (S300) Determine whether the fault occurs due to the fault-based attack or not based on the count value and a threshold value
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