Disclosed is a method for preparing 2,5-diformylfuran through the oxidation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural using a metal-free catalyst and a co-catalyst. The method for preparing 2,5-diformylfuran according to the present invention comprises the steps of preparing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural; preparing a metal-free catalyst and a co-catalyst; and oxidizing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural in step 1) in a low-boiling point solvent using the metal-free catalyst and the co-catalyst in step 2). The metal-free catalyst and the co-catalyst is used to allow the use of the low-boiling point solvent, shorten the reaction time, and lower the reaction time, thereby improving oxidation reaction conditions, thus enabling an economical and eco-friendly oxidation reaction and producing 2,5-diformylfuran at high yield.
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