A cognitive model-based computational thinking training method and device. The method comprises: constructing a training platform for training computational thinking according to a computational thinking cognitive model set by a user (S101); the training platform displaying training data corresponding to the computational thinking cognitive model, acquiring training feedback data of the user for the training data, and working out an evaluation grade for the computational thinking of the user according to the training feedback data and a pre-set rating standard (S102); and performing multi-level fuzzy evaluation on the computational thinking of the user according to the evaluation grade (S103). Abstract thinking ability training and evaluation are performed on a learner through a complete training procedure and evaluation system in the training platform, and the way of thinking of the learner during vocational education can be effectively changed, so as to complete the transformation of talent from a technical operation type to an information processing type.
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