A transparent conductive film having a first surface and a second surface, the second surface opposite the first surface; and at least one thermally stable substrate attached to the second surface. The transparent conductive film includes a plurality of thermally stable nanowires embedded within at least one polymer binder, the thermally stable nanowires include metal nanowires, the first surface includes a conductive surface of a plurality of the nanowires, the transparent conductive film has a sheet resistance that degrades by no more than 5% when heated to 300° C. for 1 hour, and the transparent conductive film has a transmittance at a wavelength of 550 nm that decreases by no more than 5% when heated to 300° C. for 1 hour. In one example, silver nanowires are made thermally stable using a thin layer of ZnO deposited using atomic layer deposition.
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