According to the present invention, disclosed is a video decoding method through symbol decoding. The video decoding method parses symbols of image blocks from a received bit stream and classifies a current symbol by a prefix bit string and a suffix bit string based on a threshold value determined based on the size of a current block so as to perform arithmetic decoding in accordance with each arithmetic decoding mode individually determined with respect to the prefix bit string and the suffix bit string and perform reverse binarization in accordance with each binarization mode individually determined with respect to the prefix bit string and the suffix bit string after the arithmetic decoding.
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