A color resolution-based alignment method and alignment system, said alignment method comprising: S1. acquiring photoresist characteristic values of various sub-resolutions under a light source, and setting an image pixel threshold according to the photoresist characteristic values; S2. performing binarization processing on image pixels according to the image pixel threshold, so as to obtain binarized image pixels; and S3. calculating the alignment positions according to the binarized image pixels, and performing alignment of the resolutions according to the alignment positions. Interference on metal wires and graphic shapes of COA products can be effectively prevented, improving the measurement stability of the COA products; pixels in various forms can be aligned, the computational logic for measurement positions is editable, and when the pixels are irregular, a reasonable logic can be chosen to define the measurement positions; and the resolution characteristics can be highlighted by means of binarization processing, achieving high color identification accuracy.
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