A terahertz generation system based on a unidirectional carrier transmission photodetector (6). The system comprises a picosecond pulse laser device (1), a transmission module (3), a beam splitter (4), an amplitude modulation module (5), a unidirectional carrier transmission photodetector (6) and a terahertz detection apparatus (7). The picosecond pulse laser device (1) emits a pulse laser on the order of picoseconds at a high repetition frequency; the picosecond pulse laser is transmitted via the transmission module (3), and spectrum spreading thereof is achieved so as to obtain a pulse laser with the pulse width being approximately tens to hundreds of femtoseconds; and after being modulated by the amplitude modulation module (5), the pulse laser is input into the unidirectional carrier transmission photodetector (6). Since the unidirectional carrier transmission photodetector (6) has the properties of a high light intensity and high-speed transmission, terahertz pulse signals with a high power and high speed can be excited, thereby achieving a high-power and high-speed terahertz pulse signal communication.
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