METHOD OF MAINTAINING OPTIMAL SOIL TEMPERATURE IN DESERT AND SEMI-DESERT CONDITIONS FOR LIFE SUPPORT OF PLANTS AND MICROORGANISMS

摘要

FIELD: agriculture.;SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods of soil treatment in agriculture, namely to methods of maintaining optimum soil temperature for ecosystem restoration in deserts and semi-deserts. Method includes stabilization of thermal conditions of soil using heat exchanger. At that, heat of upper, heated with solar radiation horizon soil of desert or semi-desert is directed to lower horizon of soil. Heat carrier is used with boiling point coinciding with temperature of upper soil horizon and condensation temperature equal to soil temperature at depth below ground heating. At that, heat exchanger with reverse convection is dipped and vertically installed. At that, the lower part of the heat exchange device with the condenser is buried in the ground at a depth below the ground heating with a constant temperature equal to the average annual air temperature depending on the region, and upper part of heat exchange device with evaporator is instilled into upper horizon of soil, into zone of distribution of root system of plants to depth of 0.5 m and cooled upper warmed soil horizon to optimum temperature of 20–24 °C for life support of plants and microorganisms due to heat transfer by steam from evaporation zone down to condensation zone, under effect of pressure drop between evaporation zone and latent heat of evaporation in condensation zone, where heat carrier is condensed due to return of latent heat of evaporation to lower horizon of soil, from where in liquid form as per capillary body heat carrier rises upwards to evaporator. Heat carrier regeneration process is repeated cyclically, and at night, when the upper horizon of the soil is cooled to temperature lower than the temperature of the lower soil horizon, the heat accumulated during the day in the lower horizon of the ground is directed back upwards for warming up the upper horizon soil, while maintaining optimal soil temperature for life support of plants and microorganisms in conditions of deserts and semi-deserts.;EFFECT: method provides soil cooling to temperature and deserts and semi-deserts comfortable for plants and microorganisms.;1 cl, 1 dwg, 1 ex